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Jean-Paul Djiatsa
Jean-Paul Djiatsa

The document summarizes a survey of CMPH students on their knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors related to reducing modifiable risk factors for chronic lifestyle diseases. Key findings include: 1) Nearly all respondents were knowledgeable about major risk factors like unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use, and excessive alcohol consumption. 2) While knowledgeable, preventive behaviors did not always follow - for example, only 60% exercised regularly despite knowing its importance. 3) Time constraints were identified as a major barrier to engaging in preventive activities, particularly for students in their first year of study. 4) Over 90% of respondents believed chronic diseases are preventable through risk factor modification and CMPH students have

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Chantelle Anderson Jean Marie Armas Jean-Paul Djiatsa Shabnam Jain Sarah Kenney
Chronic lifestyle diseases (CLD) represent 63% of all deaths the leading cause of mortality around the world * Preventable (up to 80%) by reducing modifiable risk factors** What are current CMPH students knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors towards reducing modifiable risk factors for chronic lifestyle diseases? *World Health Organization. Chronic Diseases. http://www.who.int/topics/chronic_diseases/en/. **Chiuve et al 2006 Circulation, 114(2): 160-167.
Risk Factors Healthy Behaviors Lack of Physical Activity 150 min moderate exercise or 75 min vigorous exercise Unhealthy Diet Fruits, Vegetables, whole grains, seafood Sodium, saturated fat, trans fat, sugar, cholesterol Excessive Alcohol Consumption Females: < 1 drink/day Males: < 2 drinks/day Tobacco Use No tobacco use
2 (4%) 13 (23%) 41 (73%) Not much A Little Moderately A lot Note: Total 56 respondents. No one responded with Not much Overall: 96.4% CMPH students believe that CLDs are Moderately or A lot preventable
Moderatel y A Lot P-value Age Group 20-39 yrs (n=28) 7 (25%) 21 (75%) ns 40-60 yrs (n=21) 5 (24%) 16 (76%) Gender Female (n=42) 8 (19%) 34 (81%) nsMale (n=11) 4 (36%) 7 (64%)
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Applied Epidemiology Applied Public Health Informatics Prevention Science Healthcare Outcomes % believe that chronic diseases are *very preventable CMPHMajor *very = student who said that CDLS are a lot preventable by eliminating modifiable risk factors Which CMPH Major has the highest percentage of people who believe that CDLs are very preventable by eliminating risk factors?
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0 -4 yrs 5-9 yrs 10-14 yrs 15-19 yrs 20-24 yrs >=25 yrs % of people who believe that chronic dieases are very preventable Yearsexperienceinpublichealth The percentage of people who believe that chronic lifestyle diseases are very preventable decreases as the years of public health experience increases. What is the relationship between belief that CDLs are very preventable & years experience in public health?
54% 41% 5% Prioritization of Health & Fitness *those who believe that chronic diseases are very preventable by modifying risk factors High Moderate Low to No
58.50% 78% 72.50% 92.70% 0.00% 20.00% 40.00% 60.00% 80.00% 100.00% Exercise Eat healthy diet Drink in moderation Don't use tobacco Of those who believe chronic lifestyle dieases are very modifiable How does the belief that CDLs are very preventable affect a persons behavior to reduce her/his own modifiable risk factors?
Nearly all respondents were knowledgeable of the four modifiable risk factors for developing chronic disease. Risk Factor Knew Did not know Excessive Alcohol Use 100% (54) 0% (0) Unhealthy diet 100% (54) 0% (0) Lack of physical activity 98.1% (53) 1.9% (1) Tobacco use 98.1% (53) 1.9% (1)
Knowledge of a risk factor does not necessarily lead to preventive behaviors. Preventive Behavior Knowledge of Behavior No Knowledge of Behavior Ate healthily 72.2% (39) - Didnt drink alcohol excessively 74.1% (40) - Exercised regularly 60% (32) 1.9% (1) Didnt use tobacco 91% (49) 1.9% (1)
Marital Status Lacks personal support Do not lack personal support Married 10.3% 89.7% Unmarried Couple 0% 100% Single, Never Married 0% 100% Divorced 28.6% 71.4% Wanted to determine if marital status had an effect on whether the participant deems that lack of personal support is a personal barrier in reducing their risk for developing chronic lifestyle disease. Highest rate for agreeing that lack of support is a barrier were married students, and students who are divorced
Effect of Educational Degree, on whether participants believed they had enough knowledge or resources to change their behavior Results: Most stated that they have enough knowledge or resources to change 7.7% of students with a Masters Degree feel they do not have enough knowledge
Better Overall Health Weight Physical Appearanc e Control /Prevent Medical Problem Feelin g Better Enjoys Alcoholic Beverages Enjoys Physical Activity Miscellaneou s 35 14 6 12 12 6 11 27 28.5% 11.4 % 4.9% 9.8% 9.8% 4.9% 8.9% 22% Responses related to bettering the participants overall health accounted for 28.5% of responses
CD_NOBAR R Frequen cy Percent Cum Percent 1 11 18.3% 18.3% 2 49 81.7% 100.0% Total 60 100.0% 100.0% 81.7% claimed to have additional Bar. Add. barrier yes No total Time restraint 68.3% 31.7% 100% No rest 25% 75% 100% environment 6.7% 93.3% 100% weight 18.3% 81.7% 100% social 18.3% 81.7% 100% Other barr. 1.7% 98.7% 100% Findings: time restraint is the major barrier. No suggestion of unknown barriers. CD_TIM E 1 2 3 TOTAL 1 Row % Col % 11 26.8 61.1 20 48.8 76.9 10 24.4 76.9 41 100.0 71.9 2 Row % Col % 7 43.8 38.9 6 37.5 23.1 3 18.8 23.1 16 100.0 28.1 TOTAL Row % Col % 18 31.6 100.0 26 45.6 100.0 13 22.8 100.0 57 100.0 100.0 Which class is most affected by time constraint? 48.8% of students in their 1st year claimed that time restraint is an additional barr.
93.3% said Yes. 6.7% said No. This findings suggests that awareness of engagement in these activities is greater in CMPH students than in the general population. CD_ENGA GEACTIV Frequency Percent Cum Percent 1. YES 56 93.3% 93.3% 2. NO 4 6.7% 100.0% Total 60 100.0% 100.0%
CD_ENGAGEACTIV 1 2 TOTAL 1. YES Row % Col % 31 55.4 100.0 25 44.6 86.2 56 100.0 93.3 2. NO Row % Col % 0 0.0 0.0 4 100.0 13.8 4 100.0 6.7 TOTAL Row % Col % 31 51.7 100.0 29 48.3 100.0 60 100.0 100.0 1=Saw a PCP, 2= did not. 55.4% have access to healthcare. Potentially, access to healthcare could be a contributing factor to engagement to healthy activities.
We were able to accurately identify all potential barriers facing students who engage in activities aimed at modifying their risk factor for CLD.
1. Access to a PcP is a potential contributing factor in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. 2. As a CMPH student, Time constraint should be considered as one important barrier when engaging in activities aimed at reducing risk for CLD. 3. 7.7% of respondents with a Masters Degree feel they do not have enough knowledge to modify their risk for CLD.
Stratification of data based on gender could lead to assumption bias because female population represented 78.6% of the respondents.
The level of CLD awareness is very high among CMPH student as compared to the general population. (96% Vs.63%) Most students are knowledgeable about how to prevent CLD. All barriers facing these students were adequately identified. Our data validates the assumptions that CMPH students are likely to have more knowledge than the general population about preventing CLD.

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Final draft group 3_jp_1130_pm

  • 1. Chantelle Anderson Jean Marie Armas Jean-Paul Djiatsa Shabnam Jain Sarah Kenney
  • 2. Chronic lifestyle diseases (CLD) represent 63% of all deaths the leading cause of mortality around the world * Preventable (up to 80%) by reducing modifiable risk factors** What are current CMPH students knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors towards reducing modifiable risk factors for chronic lifestyle diseases? *World Health Organization. Chronic Diseases. http://www.who.int/topics/chronic_diseases/en/. **Chiuve et al 2006 Circulation, 114(2): 160-167.
  • 3. Risk Factors Healthy Behaviors Lack of Physical Activity 150 min moderate exercise or 75 min vigorous exercise Unhealthy Diet Fruits, Vegetables, whole grains, seafood Sodium, saturated fat, trans fat, sugar, cholesterol Excessive Alcohol Consumption Females: < 1 drink/day Males: < 2 drinks/day Tobacco Use No tobacco use
  • 4. 2 (4%) 13 (23%) 41 (73%) Not much A Little Moderately A lot Note: Total 56 respondents. No one responded with Not much Overall: 96.4% CMPH students believe that CLDs are Moderately or A lot preventable
  • 5. Moderatel y A Lot P-value Age Group 20-39 yrs (n=28) 7 (25%) 21 (75%) ns 40-60 yrs (n=21) 5 (24%) 16 (76%) Gender Female (n=42) 8 (19%) 34 (81%) nsMale (n=11) 4 (36%) 7 (64%)
  • 6. 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Applied Epidemiology Applied Public Health Informatics Prevention Science Healthcare Outcomes % believe that chronic diseases are *very preventable CMPHMajor *very = student who said that CDLS are a lot preventable by eliminating modifiable risk factors Which CMPH Major has the highest percentage of people who believe that CDLs are very preventable by eliminating risk factors?
  • 7. 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0 -4 yrs 5-9 yrs 10-14 yrs 15-19 yrs 20-24 yrs >=25 yrs % of people who believe that chronic dieases are very preventable Yearsexperienceinpublichealth The percentage of people who believe that chronic lifestyle diseases are very preventable decreases as the years of public health experience increases. What is the relationship between belief that CDLs are very preventable & years experience in public health?
  • 8. 54% 41% 5% Prioritization of Health & Fitness *those who believe that chronic diseases are very preventable by modifying risk factors High Moderate Low to No
  • 9. 58.50% 78% 72.50% 92.70% 0.00% 20.00% 40.00% 60.00% 80.00% 100.00% Exercise Eat healthy diet Drink in moderation Don't use tobacco Of those who believe chronic lifestyle dieases are very modifiable How does the belief that CDLs are very preventable affect a persons behavior to reduce her/his own modifiable risk factors?
  • 10. Nearly all respondents were knowledgeable of the four modifiable risk factors for developing chronic disease. Risk Factor Knew Did not know Excessive Alcohol Use 100% (54) 0% (0) Unhealthy diet 100% (54) 0% (0) Lack of physical activity 98.1% (53) 1.9% (1) Tobacco use 98.1% (53) 1.9% (1)
  • 11. Knowledge of a risk factor does not necessarily lead to preventive behaviors. Preventive Behavior Knowledge of Behavior No Knowledge of Behavior Ate healthily 72.2% (39) - Didnt drink alcohol excessively 74.1% (40) - Exercised regularly 60% (32) 1.9% (1) Didnt use tobacco 91% (49) 1.9% (1)
  • 12. Marital Status Lacks personal support Do not lack personal support Married 10.3% 89.7% Unmarried Couple 0% 100% Single, Never Married 0% 100% Divorced 28.6% 71.4% Wanted to determine if marital status had an effect on whether the participant deems that lack of personal support is a personal barrier in reducing their risk for developing chronic lifestyle disease. Highest rate for agreeing that lack of support is a barrier were married students, and students who are divorced
  • 13. Effect of Educational Degree, on whether participants believed they had enough knowledge or resources to change their behavior Results: Most stated that they have enough knowledge or resources to change 7.7% of students with a Masters Degree feel they do not have enough knowledge
  • 14. Better Overall Health Weight Physical Appearanc e Control /Prevent Medical Problem Feelin g Better Enjoys Alcoholic Beverages Enjoys Physical Activity Miscellaneou s 35 14 6 12 12 6 11 27 28.5% 11.4 % 4.9% 9.8% 9.8% 4.9% 8.9% 22% Responses related to bettering the participants overall health accounted for 28.5% of responses
  • 15. CD_NOBAR R Frequen cy Percent Cum Percent 1 11 18.3% 18.3% 2 49 81.7% 100.0% Total 60 100.0% 100.0% 81.7% claimed to have additional Bar. Add. barrier yes No total Time restraint 68.3% 31.7% 100% No rest 25% 75% 100% environment 6.7% 93.3% 100% weight 18.3% 81.7% 100% social 18.3% 81.7% 100% Other barr. 1.7% 98.7% 100% Findings: time restraint is the major barrier. No suggestion of unknown barriers. CD_TIM E 1 2 3 TOTAL 1 Row % Col % 11 26.8 61.1 20 48.8 76.9 10 24.4 76.9 41 100.0 71.9 2 Row % Col % 7 43.8 38.9 6 37.5 23.1 3 18.8 23.1 16 100.0 28.1 TOTAL Row % Col % 18 31.6 100.0 26 45.6 100.0 13 22.8 100.0 57 100.0 100.0 Which class is most affected by time constraint? 48.8% of students in their 1st year claimed that time restraint is an additional barr.
  • 16. 93.3% said Yes. 6.7% said No. This findings suggests that awareness of engagement in these activities is greater in CMPH students than in the general population. CD_ENGA GEACTIV Frequency Percent Cum Percent 1. YES 56 93.3% 93.3% 2. NO 4 6.7% 100.0% Total 60 100.0% 100.0%
  • 17. CD_ENGAGEACTIV 1 2 TOTAL 1. YES Row % Col % 31 55.4 100.0 25 44.6 86.2 56 100.0 93.3 2. NO Row % Col % 0 0.0 0.0 4 100.0 13.8 4 100.0 6.7 TOTAL Row % Col % 31 51.7 100.0 29 48.3 100.0 60 100.0 100.0 1=Saw a PCP, 2= did not. 55.4% have access to healthcare. Potentially, access to healthcare could be a contributing factor to engagement to healthy activities.
  • 18. We were able to accurately identify all potential barriers facing students who engage in activities aimed at modifying their risk factor for CLD.
  • 19. 1. Access to a PcP is a potential contributing factor in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. 2. As a CMPH student, Time constraint should be considered as one important barrier when engaging in activities aimed at reducing risk for CLD. 3. 7.7% of respondents with a Masters Degree feel they do not have enough knowledge to modify their risk for CLD.
  • 20. Stratification of data based on gender could lead to assumption bias because female population represented 78.6% of the respondents.
  • 21. The level of CLD awareness is very high among CMPH student as compared to the general population. (96% Vs.63%) Most students are knowledgeable about how to prevent CLD. All barriers facing these students were adequately identified. Our data validates the assumptions that CMPH students are likely to have more knowledge than the general population about preventing CLD.

Editor's Notes

  • #3: Represent 63% of all deaths
  • #7: The hypothesis is that students in a prevention-focused major, such as Prevention Science, would have a higher percentage of people who believed that chronic lifestyle diseases are very preventable by eliminating modifiable risk factors (a lot).However, Applied Epidemiology has the greatest percentage of people who believe that chronic lifestyle diseases are very preventable by eliminating modifiable risk factors.
  • #10: How does the belief that chronic lifestyle diseases are very preventable affect a persons prioritization of health and fitness? The hypothesis is that if a person believes that chronic lifestyle diseases are very preventable by eliminating modifiable risk factors (A lot), they will prioritize their health and fitness.There is not a strong relationship between prioritization and belief that chronic lifestyle diseases are very preventable by eliminating modifiable risk factors. 95.2% of people who believe that chronic lifestyle diseases are very preventable make their health and fitness a high or moderate priority.
  • #11: How does the belief that chronic lifestyle diseases are very preventable affect a persons behavior to reduce modifiable risk factors?The hypothesis is that if a person believes that chronic lifestyle diseases are very preventable (a lot) by eliminating modifiable risk factors, they will be more likely to engage in healthy behaviors that reduce modifiable risk factors (exercise, eat a healthy diet, drink alcohol in moderation, do not use tobacco products).The majority (&gt;=58.5%) of those who believe that chronic lifestyle diseases are very modifiable do engage in healthy behaviors, although there is not a clear association.