際際滷

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Design of a Dual-Loop 5.2GHz Synthesizer with an Integer-N
Programmable Divider in the Low Frequency Loop
Advisor: Prof. Knepper
Xiaoyu Lian
Background
l A frequency synthesizer is an electronic system for generating any of
a range of frequencies from a single fixed timebase or oscillator.
l They are found in many modern devices, including radio receivers,
mobile telephones, radiotelephones, walkie-talkies, CB radios,
satellite receivers, GPS systems, etc.
l A frequency synthesizer can combine frequency multiplication,
frequency division, and frequency mixing operations to produce the
desired output signal.
Block Diagram
LC Oscillator
LC Oscillator
LC Oscillator
Ring Oscillator
Ring Oscillator
Ring Oscillator
Divided-by-4 Divider
Divided-by-4 Divider
Integer-N Programmable Divider
Control Signals
Division Ratio
SelectCtrl GateCtrl
0 0 4
0 1 5
1 0 2
1 1 3
Integer-N Programmable Divider
Integer-N Programmable Divider
D Flip-Flop
D Latch
Switch
Mixer(Gilbert)
Mixer
Phase-Frequency Detector(PFD)
Phase-Frequency Detector(PFD)
Nor
Charge Pump(CP) & Loop Filter(LPF)
Charge Pump(CP) & Loop Filter(LPF)
Low-Frequency Loop
Low-Frequency Loop
High-Frequency Loop
High-Frequency Loop
Dual Loop
Final Results(Lock@5.24GHz)
Final Results(Lock@5.26GHz)
Final Results(Lock@5.28GHz)
Final Results(Lock@5.3GHz)
Final Results(S Parameter)
Final Results(Harmonics LFL)
Final Results(Harmonics HFL)
Final Results(Phase Noise)
Conclusion
l The Dual-Loop Synthesizer does lock at 4 different frequencies, from
5.24GHz to 5.3GHz, by changing the division ratio of the divider in
the low-frequency loop;
l It is able to put 65mW on a 50立 load;
l The Phase Noise of this synthesizer is very low;
Reference
l 1.Low-Voltage CMOS RF Frequency Synthesizers, HC Luong and GCT Leung,
Cambridge University Press, 2004.
l 2.The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits, Thomas Lee,
Cambridge University Press, 2004.
l 3.Leung G C T, Luong H C. A 1-V 5.2-GHz CMOS synthesizer for WLAN
applications[J]. Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of, 2004, 39(11): 1873-1882
l 4.Kan T K K, Leung G C T, Luong H C. A 2 V 1.8 GHz fully integrated CMOS dual-
loop frequency synthesizer[J]. Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of, 2002, 37(8):
1012-1020.
Special thanks to Prof. Knepper!
Q & A
Thank you!

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Final Presentation