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final year student project batch-10.pptx
1. Department of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering
Multilevel Inverter Topology for Grid-Connected
Solar PV Systems with improved Power Quality And
Efficiency
Presented By:
Batch No.: 10
1. G.Rakesh C (21KQ1A0293)
2. MD.Afroz C (22kQ5A0218)
3. A.RajeshC (21KQ1A0280)
4. P.Mark C (21KQ1A02A3)
5. A.Karthik C (22KQ5A0215)
B.Tech Final Year/EEE-B
Under the guidance of
B.VENKATESH M.Tech(Ph.D)
Assistant Professor / EEE
PACE Institute of Technology
and Sciences , Ongole.
PACE Institute of Technology and Sciences
Ongole
2. 2
Agenda
? Abstract [1 Page]
? Literature Survey [ 3- 4 Pages- table format-Up to 10]
? Existing Method [2-3 Pages]
? Disadvantages or Drawbacks
? Proposed Method [2-3 Pages]
? Advantages or Benefits
? Components Description/ Methodology [5- 6 Pages]
? Results and Discussion [5-8 Pages]
? Conclusion[1 Page]
? Future Scope [1 Page]
? References [1-3 page]
Note: Not Limited to this based on guide suggestion it may
vary.
7/21/2024
3. 3
Abstract
? This project focuses on enhancing power quality in grid-connected
systems by integrating a multilevel inverter with a series compensator.
? The system utilizes solar photovoltaic (PV) energy as its primary
source. Power quality difficulties arise as a result of Renewable Energy
Sources (RES) integrating with the grid. Voltage swell, sag, and
harmonic distortion occur on the grid due to power quality issues.
? An inexpensive series compensator, like the Dynamic Voltage Restorer
(DVR), is the best solution for overcoming the aforementioned
problems.a solar PV integrated DVR with a novel multilevel inverter is
introduced to address the power quality issues in the grid. The main
objective of the proposed work is to develop a DVR integrated with a
23-level multilevel inverter to enhance the power quality.
? A solar photovoltaic system is one example of a grid-connected
application using multilevel inverters (MLIs). In grid-connected PV
systems, the inverter¨s design must be carefully considered to improve
efficiency.
? The MLI has several advantages such as a reduction in the overall
component count, cost and size of the inverter. Additionally, a detailed
mathematical analysis is presented for the rotating dq reference frame
control. The dynamic performance of the DVR is evaluated with a
balanced load and implemented experimentally. Simulation results of
the proposed system are carried out using MATLAB/Simulink.
? this project aims to develop a more efficient and reliable grid-
connected system by leveraging the advantages of multilevel inverters
and series compensators, while harnessing the power of renewable
4. 4
Literature Survey
S.
No.
Paper Title
Journal/
Conference
Multile
vel
Inverte
r Type
Control
Techni
que
Used
Power
Quality
Improv
ement
Efficien
cy
Achieve
d
Key
Finding
s
1
A Novel
Cascaded H-
Bridge Inverter
for Grid-
Connected PV
IEEE
Transaction
s
Cascade
d H-
Bridge
(CHB)
PWM
THD
Reduce
d to
2.5%
97.2%
Improve
d
harmon
ic
perform
ance
2
Modified NPC
Inverter for
Solar PV Grid
Connection
Elsevier
Neutral
Point
Clampe
d (NPC)
Space
Vector
Modulat
ion
THD
3.1%
96.8%
Reduce
d
switchi
ng
losses
3
High-Efficiency
Multilevel
Inverter with
Reduced
Switches
Renewable
Energy
Journal
Reduce
d
Switch
CHB
Model
Predicti
ve
Control
THD
2.3%
98.5%
Reduce
d
compon
ent
count
and
switchi
ng loss
5. 5
3
Hybrid
Multilevel
Inverter with
MPPT for PV
Systems
PQR et
al.
Springe
r
Hybrid
CHB-
NPC
Fuzzy
Logic
MPPT
THD
2.8%
98%
Improv
ed
efficien
cy
using
MPPT
4
Five-Level
Inverter for
Grid-
Connected
Solar
LMN &
OPQ
IEEE
Access
Diode
Clampe
d
(DCMLI
)
Sinusoi
dal
PWM
THD
2.9%
97.5%
Lower
voltage
stress
on
switche
s
5
Asymmetrical
Multilevel
Inverter for
PV
Applications
RST et
al.
IET
Power
Electro
nics
Asymm
etrical
CHB
Selectiv
e
Harmo
nic
Elimina
tion
THD
3.5%
96.5%
Better
voltage
balanci
ng
10
Transformerl
ess Multilevel
Inverter for
PV
XYZ et
al.
IEEE
Transa
ctions
Transfo
rmerles
s MLI
Carrier
-Based
PWM
THD
3.0%
97%
Lightwe
ight
design
with
lower
leakage
6. 6
Existing Method
? Diode-Clamped Multilevel Inverter (DC-MLI): Also known as the
Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) inverter, this topology uses diodes to
create multiple voltage levels. It's a mature technology but can
become complex with increasing levels.
? Even though most of the industries are used three-level NPC Inverter.
Flying Capacitor MLI requires more dc capacitors for higher voltage
levels. However, there is flexibility to set the switching combinations
and feasible for DC capacitor voltage balance [14].
? Due to its modularity characteristic, CHB MLI topology becomes more
reliable and popular. However, each bridge needs an isolated DC
source and for higher levels, the requirement for switches also
increases [15].
? DVR with five-level reduced power components TCHB inverter [18]
was used to mitigate the voltage sag using two voltage compensation
schemes.
? In [19] proposed an S4L inverter-based DVR with a single DC power
source and reduced switch count, thus it is cost-effective,
furthermore, it generates seven levels, which significantly supports in
reduction of the system harmonic problem.
7. 7
? Interline DVR with CHB multilevel inverter was proposed in [20] to
mitigate the voltage sag with better THD. An adjustable dclink
connected MLI-based DVR [21] is suitable for compensation of both long
and short period sag.
? DVR with an open end winding transformer having reduced inverter loss
and lower harmonics was proposed in [22]. Cascaded OEW transformer-
based DVR was reported in [23] with better voltage levels, and reduced
THD even though it does not require extra clamping diodes. Existing
Methods for Solar PV-Fed Multilevel Inverter with Series Compensator.
? However for higher power voltage source inverters with two-level are not
suitable because the switches will block large voltage, and more dv/dt
creates electromagnetic interference to overcome these problems
multilevel inverter (MLI) is the best solution.
? The benefits of MLIs are lower output voltage step, high power quality,
fewer switching losses, minimum harmonics, and better electromagnetic
compatibility. Capacitor voltage balancing is difficult when the voltage
level increases in the case of diode-clamped MLI, hence these are
restricted to three levels.
? Flying Capacitor Multilevel Inverter (FC-MLI): This topology uses
capacitors to create multiple voltage levels. It has a simpler structure
than DC-MLI but requires careful balancing of capacitor voltages.
8. 8
Disadvantages
? Increased Complexity: Compared to traditional two-level inverters,
MLIs have a more complex structure, requiring more components
(switches, diodes, capacitors). This can lead to increased cost, size,
and control complexity.
? Control Challenges: The control of MLIs can be more intricate,
especially for topologies like FC-MLIs that require capacitor voltage
balancing. Sophisticated control algorithms are needed, which can
increase computational burden.
? Higher Component Count: The increased number of components can
lead to higher failure rates and reduced overall system reliability.
Redundancy strategies and fault-tolerant control are often necessary.
? Switching Losses: While MLIs can improve overall efficiency compared
to two-level inverters, they still experience switching losses. The more
levels, generally the more switches, which can increase losses unless
advanced soft-switching techniques are employed.
? System Complexity: Series compensators add complexity to the
overall system design and control, increasing engineering challenges.
? Increased Harmonics: Series compensators, if not carefully designed
or controlled, can introduce additional harmonics into the grid.
? Filter Design Challenges: Effective filtering of these harmonics may
require larger and more complex filters
9. 9
Proposed Method
? In this work, asymmetrical 23-level MLI is proposed to overcome all
the limitations. The recommended 23-level MLI is implemented in a
PV-fed DVR using a rotating dq reference frame controller. From the
comparative analysis, the recommended 23-level MLI requires less
component count factor and is cost-effective.
? The proposed PV-fed MLIDVR efficiently minimizes the voltage sags,
and swells and improves the power quality. The following are the
most crucial features of the proposed topology:
? The recommended 23-level MLI uses only three DC sources and
twelve switches among them seven are unidirectional switches and
five bidirectional switches.
? Most switches have reduced voltage stress, allowing them to operate
at medium voltages.
? The proposed PV-fed MLI-DVR efficiently minimizes the voltage sags,
and swells and improves the power quality
? The proposed configuration comprises three dc sources namely Va,
Vb, and Vc, and seven unidirectional switches and five bidirectional
switches. Four bidirectional switches are connected in a crisscross
structure.
? The proposed method introduces an optimized multilevel inverter
(MLI) topology to enhance the performance of grid-connected solar PV
systems by improving power quality and efficiency.
10. 10
The approach focuses on reducing harmonic distortion, minimizing
switching losses, and improving voltage levels while ensuring a
smooth and reliable connection to the grid.
Modified Multilevel Inverter Topology
?Utilizes a reduced number of switches compared to conventional
MLIs.
?Implements a hybrid modulation strategy to enhance the voltage
profile.
?Supports higher voltage levels while maintaining a low Total
Harmonic Distortion (THD).
Objective
?The primary objective of this research is to develop a multilevel
inverter topology for grid-connected solar PV systems that offers
Improved Power Quality:
Reduced harmonic distortion, voltage sags, and flicker.
Enhanced Efficiency:
Minimized power losses and maximized energy conversion.
IncreasedReliability:
Fault-tolerant design for continuous operation.
Cost-Effectiveness:
Optimized component selection and control strategies for
reduced cost.
11. 11
Advantages
? Reduced Harmonic Distortion: Multilevel inverters produce output
voltage waveforms with multiple steps, which significantly reduces
the harmonic content compared to traditional two-level inverters.
This results in cleaner power injected into the grid, minimizing
disturbances and improving overall power quality.
? Lower Electromagnetic Interference (EMI): The reduced harmonic
content also leads to lower EMI, which can interfere with other
electronic devices and communication systems.
? Reduced dv/dt Stress: Multilevel inverters reduce the rate of change
of voltage (dv/dt) across the switches, which minimizes stress on the
components and improves system reliability.
? Lower Switching Losses: Multilevel inverters can operate at lower
switching frequencies, which reduces switching losses in the power
semiconductor devices. This leads to higher overall system efficiency.
? Reduced Filter Requirements: The lower harmonic content in the
output waveform reduces the need for bulky and expensive filters,
further improving efficiency and reducing system cost.
? Improved Power Quality: Reduction in harmonics, voltage
fluctuations, and power losses.
? Grid Stability: Enhanced stability during solar power intermittency.
12. 12
Conclusion
Multilevel inverter topologies offer a compelling solution for grid-
connected solar PV systems, addressing key challenges related to
power quality and efficiency. By synthesizing output waveforms with
multiple voltage levels, these inverters significantly reduce harmonic
distortion and EMI, leading to cleaner power injection into the grid.
This improved power quality translates to reduced stress on grid
components and enhanced stability.
In conclusion, the adoption of multilevel inverters in grid-connected
solar PV systems offers a pathway to improved power quality, higher
efficiency, and greater grid compatibility. These advantages contribute
to a more reliable and sustainable integration of solar energy into the
power grid, paving the way for a cleaner energy future.
![2
Agenda
? Abstract [1 Page]
? Literature Survey [ 3- 4 Pages- table format-Up to 10]
? Existing Method [2-3 Pages]
? Disadvantages or Drawbacks
? Proposed Method [2-3 Pages]
? Advantages or Benefits
? Components Description/ Methodology [5- 6 Pages]
? Results and Discussion [5-8 Pages]
? Conclusion[1 Page]
? Future Scope [1 Page]
? References [1-3 page]
Note: Not Limited to this based on guide suggestion it may
vary.
7/21/2024](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/batch-10-250327050635-e7438006/85/final-year-student-project-batch-10-pptx-2-320.jpg)
![6
Existing Method
? Diode-Clamped Multilevel Inverter (DC-MLI): Also known as the
Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) inverter, this topology uses diodes to
create multiple voltage levels. It's a mature technology but can
become complex with increasing levels.
? Even though most of the industries are used three-level NPC Inverter.
Flying Capacitor MLI requires more dc capacitors for higher voltage
levels. However, there is flexibility to set the switching combinations
and feasible for DC capacitor voltage balance [14].
? Due to its modularity characteristic, CHB MLI topology becomes more
reliable and popular. However, each bridge needs an isolated DC
source and for higher levels, the requirement for switches also
increases [15].
? DVR with five-level reduced power components TCHB inverter [18]
was used to mitigate the voltage sag using two voltage compensation
schemes.
? In [19] proposed an S4L inverter-based DVR with a single DC power
source and reduced switch count, thus it is cost-effective,
furthermore, it generates seven levels, which significantly supports in
reduction of the system harmonic problem.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/batch-10-250327050635-e7438006/85/final-year-student-project-batch-10-pptx-6-320.jpg)
![7
? Interline DVR with CHB multilevel inverter was proposed in [20] to
mitigate the voltage sag with better THD. An adjustable dclink
connected MLI-based DVR [21] is suitable for compensation of both long
and short period sag.
? DVR with an open end winding transformer having reduced inverter loss
and lower harmonics was proposed in [22]. Cascaded OEW transformer-
based DVR was reported in [23] with better voltage levels, and reduced
THD even though it does not require extra clamping diodes. Existing
Methods for Solar PV-Fed Multilevel Inverter with Series Compensator.
? However for higher power voltage source inverters with two-level are not
suitable because the switches will block large voltage, and more dv/dt
creates electromagnetic interference to overcome these problems
multilevel inverter (MLI) is the best solution.
? The benefits of MLIs are lower output voltage step, high power quality,
fewer switching losses, minimum harmonics, and better electromagnetic
compatibility. Capacitor voltage balancing is difficult when the voltage
level increases in the case of diode-clamped MLI, hence these are
restricted to three levels.
? Flying Capacitor Multilevel Inverter (FC-MLI): This topology uses
capacitors to create multiple voltage levels. It has a simpler structure
than DC-MLI but requires careful balancing of capacitor voltages.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/batch-10-250327050635-e7438006/85/final-year-student-project-batch-10-pptx-7-320.jpg)
