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Fire Detection & Path Deviation Robot

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Palkit Jain
Palkit Jain

This document describes a robot that can detect fire and deviate away from it. It uses an infrared (IR) sensor to detect heat from fire. The IR sensor contains an IR LED emitter and IR photodiode detector that can sense changes in IR light. A circuit diagram shows the basic components of the IR sensor, including the comparator IC that detects changes in the sensor output. The document also discusses different types of IR sensors and their applications, components like the IR LED and microcontroller, and how this robot is meant to detect fire and deviate itself away to safety.

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Career Point University Fire Detection & Deviation Robo Kota Major Assignment On Project Guide : Mr. Pankaj Chawla EE Dept. CPU , Kota Made By : Palkit Badala Mukul Sharma Garima Bisth B,Tech (EE) (4th Sem)
Abstract This is a Robot which will detect Fire and deviates itself from Fire . It is helpful in various ways.
Infrared IR Sensor An infrared sensor is an electronic device, that emits in order to sense some aspects of the surroundings. An IR sensor can measure the heat of an object as well as detects the motion. These types of sensors measures only infrared radiation, rather than emitting it that is called as a passive IR sensor. Usually in the infrared spectrum, all the objects radiate some form of thermal radiations. These types of radiations are invisible to our eyes, that can be detected by an infrared sensor. The emitter is simply an IR LED (Light Emitting Diode) and the detector is simply an IR photodiode which is sensitive to IR light of the same wavelength as that emitted by the IR LED. When IR light falls on the photodiode, The resistances and these output voltages, change in proportion to the magnitude of the IR light received.
IR Sensor Circuit Diagram ? An infrared sensor circuit is one of the basic and popular sensor module in an electronic device. This sensor is analogous to human’s visionary senses, which can be used to detect obstacles and it is one of the common applications in real time.This circuit comprises of the following components ? LM358 IC 2 IR transmitter and receiver pair ? Resistors of the range of kilo ohms. ? Variable resistors. ? LED (Light Emitting Diode).
Circuit Diagram of IR Sensor
Fire Detection & Path Deviation Robot
In this project, the transmitter section includes an IR sensor, which transmits continuous IR rays to be received by an IR receiver module. An IR output terminal of the receiver varies depending upon its receiving of IR rays. Since this variation cannot be analyzed as such, therefore this output can be fed to a comparator circuit. Here anoperational amplifier (op-amp) of LM 339 is used as comparator circuit. When the IR receiver does not receive a signal, the potential at the inverting input goes higher than that non-inverting input of the comparator IC (LM339). Thus the output of the comparator goes low, but the LED does not glow. When the IR receiver module receives signal to the potential at the inverting input goes low. Thus the output of the comparator (LM 339) goes high and the LED starts glowing. Resistor R1 (100 ), R2 (10k ) and R3 (330) are used to ensure that minimum 10 mA current passes through the IR LED Devices like Photodiode and normal LEDs respectively. Resistor VR2 (preset=5k ) is used to adjust the output terminals. Resistor VR1 (preset=10k ) is used to set the sensitivity of the circuit Diagram. Read more about IR sensors.
Different Types of IR Sensors IR sensors are classified into different types depending on the applications. Some of the typical applications of different types of sensors are : The speed sensor is used for synchronizing the speed of multiple motors. The temperature sensor is used for industrial temperature control. PIR sensor is used for automatic door opening system and Ultrasonic sensor are used for distance measurement.
IR Sensor Applications
? Radiation Thermometers ? Flame Monitors ? Moisture Analyzers ? Gas Analyzers ? Dispersive ? IR Imaging Devices
IR Sensor
IR LED ? An IR LED, also known as IR transmitter, is a special purpose LED that transmits infrared rays in the range of 760 nm wavelength. Such LEDs are usually made of gallium arsenide or aluminium gallium arsenide. They, along with IR receivers, are commonly used as sensors. ? The appearance is same as a common LED. Since the human eye cannot see the infrared radiations, it is not possible for a person to identify whether the IR LED is working or not, unlike a common LED. To overcome this problem, the camera on a cellphone can be used. The camera can show us the IR rays being emanated from the IR LED in a circuit.
Fire Detection & Path Deviation Robot
Microcontroller ? A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. Program memory in the form of Ferroelectric RAM, NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a typically small amount of RAM. Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in personal computers or other general purpose applications consisting of various discrete chips. ? Microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products and devices, such as automobile engine control systems, implantable medical devices, remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools, toys and other embedded systems. By reducing the size and cost compared to a design that uses a separate microprocessor, memory, and input/output devices, microcontrollers make it economical to digitally control even more devices and processes. Mixed signal microcontrollers are common, integrating analog components needed to control non-digital electronic systems.
Application ? It detects Fire ? It deviates itself when it goes in front of an obstracle.
Thank You !

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Fire Detection & Path Deviation Robot

  • 1. Career Point University Fire Detection & Deviation Robo Kota Major Assignment On Project Guide : Mr. Pankaj Chawla EE Dept. CPU , Kota Made By : Palkit Badala Mukul Sharma Garima Bisth B,Tech (EE) (4th Sem)
  • 2. Abstract This is a Robot which will detect Fire and deviates itself from Fire . It is helpful in various ways.
  • 3. Infrared IR Sensor An infrared sensor is an electronic device, that emits in order to sense some aspects of the surroundings. An IR sensor can measure the heat of an object as well as detects the motion. These types of sensors measures only infrared radiation, rather than emitting it that is called as a passive IR sensor. Usually in the infrared spectrum, all the objects radiate some form of thermal radiations. These types of radiations are invisible to our eyes, that can be detected by an infrared sensor. The emitter is simply an IR LED (Light Emitting Diode) and the detector is simply an IR photodiode which is sensitive to IR light of the same wavelength as that emitted by the IR LED. When IR light falls on the photodiode, The resistances and these output voltages, change in proportion to the magnitude of the IR light received.
  • 4. IR Sensor Circuit Diagram ? An infrared sensor circuit is one of the basic and popular sensor module in an electronic device. This sensor is analogous to human’s visionary senses, which can be used to detect obstacles and it is one of the common applications in real time.This circuit comprises of the following components ? LM358 IC 2 IR transmitter and receiver pair ? Resistors of the range of kilo ohms. ? Variable resistors. ? LED (Light Emitting Diode).
  • 5. Circuit Diagram of IR Sensor
  • 7. In this project, the transmitter section includes an IR sensor, which transmits continuous IR rays to be received by an IR receiver module. An IR output terminal of the receiver varies depending upon its receiving of IR rays. Since this variation cannot be analyzed as such, therefore this output can be fed to a comparator circuit. Here anoperational amplifier (op-amp) of LM 339 is used as comparator circuit. When the IR receiver does not receive a signal, the potential at the inverting input goes higher than that non-inverting input of the comparator IC (LM339). Thus the output of the comparator goes low, but the LED does not glow. When the IR receiver module receives signal to the potential at the inverting input goes low. Thus the output of the comparator (LM 339) goes high and the LED starts glowing. Resistor R1 (100 ), R2 (10k ) and R3 (330) are used to ensure that minimum 10 mA current passes through the IR LED Devices like Photodiode and normal LEDs respectively. Resistor VR2 (preset=5k ) is used to adjust the output terminals. Resistor VR1 (preset=10k ) is used to set the sensitivity of the circuit Diagram. Read more about IR sensors.
  • 8. Different Types of IR Sensors IR sensors are classified into different types depending on the applications. Some of the typical applications of different types of sensors are : The speed sensor is used for synchronizing the speed of multiple motors. The temperature sensor is used for industrial temperature control. PIR sensor is used for automatic door opening system and Ultrasonic sensor are used for distance measurement.
  • 10. ? Radiation Thermometers ? Flame Monitors ? Moisture Analyzers ? Gas Analyzers ? Dispersive ? IR Imaging Devices
  • 12. IR LED ? An IR LED, also known as IR transmitter, is a special purpose LED that transmits infrared rays in the range of 760 nm wavelength. Such LEDs are usually made of gallium arsenide or aluminium gallium arsenide. They, along with IR receivers, are commonly used as sensors. ? The appearance is same as a common LED. Since the human eye cannot see the infrared radiations, it is not possible for a person to identify whether the IR LED is working or not, unlike a common LED. To overcome this problem, the camera on a cellphone can be used. The camera can show us the IR rays being emanated from the IR LED in a circuit.
  • 14. Microcontroller ? A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. Program memory in the form of Ferroelectric RAM, NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a typically small amount of RAM. Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in personal computers or other general purpose applications consisting of various discrete chips. ? Microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products and devices, such as automobile engine control systems, implantable medical devices, remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools, toys and other embedded systems. By reducing the size and cost compared to a design that uses a separate microprocessor, memory, and input/output devices, microcontrollers make it economical to digitally control even more devices and processes. Mixed signal microcontrollers are common, integrating analog components needed to control non-digital electronic systems.
  • 15. Application ? It detects Fire ? It deviates itself when it goes in front of an obstracle.