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Fire_Extinguisher.ppt

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Ahmad Abbas

The document provides information on fire safety and fire extinguisher use including: 1) It describes the combustion process and different fire classes from A to K. 2) It explains the types of portable fire extinguishers including pressurized water, carbon dioxide, and multipurpose dry chemical and how each works to extinguish different fire classes. 3) It outlines basic firefighting concepts such as R.A.C.E. (rescue, alarm, contain, extinguish) and P.A.S.S. (pull, aim, squeeze, sweep) operating procedures.

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EXTINGUISHER Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use
Objectives Understand the combustion process and different fire classes Understand fire extinguisher types, operating procedures Understand basic firefighting concepts: R.A.C.E. P.A.S.S. Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use
The Combustion Process Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use Three components Need all three components to start a fire Fire extinguishers remove one or more of the components.
Fire Classes A Trash Wood Paper C Electrical Equipment B Liquids Grease COMBUSTIBLE METALS D wood paper cloth etc. gasoline oil grease other solvents computers fax machine other energized electrical equip. magnesium sodium potassium titanium other flammable metals
Fire Classes (cont.) K Cooking Media Recently recognized by NFPA 10 Fires involving combustible oils, lards and fats in commercial cooking. CLASS K FIRES
Fire Extinguisher Anatomy DISCHARGE HOSE DISCHARGE NOZZLE DISCHARGE ORIFICE BODY DATA PLATE CARRYING HANDLE PRESSURE GAUGE (not found on CO2 extinguishers) DISCHARGE LEVER DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN AND SEAL
Fire Extinguisher Types Class A fires only 2.5 gal. water (up to 1 minute discharge time) Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check 30-40 ft. maximum effective range Can be started and stopped as necessary Extinguishes by cooling burning material below the ignition point. PRESSURIZED WATER A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment
Fire Extinguisher Types (cont.) Class B or C fires 2.5-100 lb. of CO2 (8-30 seconds discharge time) Has NO pressure gauge--capacity verified by weight 3-8 ft. maximum effective range Extinguishes by smothering burning materials Effectiveness decreases as temperature of burning material increases. CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment
Fire Extinguisher Types (cont.) Class A, B, or C fires 2.5-20 lb. dry chemical (ammonium phosphate) 8-25 seconds discharge time) Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check 5-20 ft. maximum effective range Extinguishes by smothering burning materials. MULTIPURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment
Fire Extinguisher Summary EXTINGUISHER TYPE WORKS BY EFFECTIVE AGAINST PRESSURIZED WATER CARBON DIOXIDE MULTIPURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL COOLING SMOTHERING SMOTHERING
Fire Emergency Response R Rescue Alarm Contain Extinguish A C E
Fighting the Fire Pull the pin Aim low at the base of flames Squeeze the handle Sweep side to side P A S S
Firefighting Decision Criteria Know department emergency procedures and evacuation routes Know locations of extinguishers in your area and how to use them Always sound the alarm regardless of fire size Avoid smoky conditions Ensure area is evacuated Dont attempt to fight unless: Alarm is sounded Fire is small and contained You have safe egress route (can be reached without exposure to fire) Available extinguishers are rated for size and type of fire If in doubt, evacuate! DONT ATTEMPT TO FIGHT UNLESS YOU ARE TRAINED
Summary Combustion Process (Fire Triangle) Class A, B, C, D, K fires Types of portable fire extinguishers: Operating procedures Capabilities and limitations Basic firefighting concepts: R.A.C.E. P.A.S.S. Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use
Quiz Question 1 Fire extinguisher marked with an A is used on: A) oil fires B) Electrical fires C) paper material fires D) none of the above
Quiz Question 2 Fire extinguishers marked with a B can be used on: A) Paper, trash B) Oil or Grease C) Electrical D) Non of the above
Quiz addendum How else you can kill a grease fire? A) Smother B) Baking Soda C) A&B
Quiz Question 3 Fire extinguisher marked ABC can be used on: A) Wood, Paper B) Electrical C) Liquids and grease D) All of the above
Quiz Question 4 Fire Extinguishers marked with D are used for A) Combustible chemicals B) Magnesium C) Potassium D) other flammable metals E) all of the above
Quiz Question 5 For what fires is a Halon Fire Extinguisher being used? Guess 1 Guess 2 Guess 3 Guess 4
Halon Halon fire extinguisher is important device to have, especially for emergency situations. It contains a gas that interrupts the chemical reaction that takes place when fuels burn. Halon fire extinguisher is often used to protect valuable electrical equipment since they leave no residue. Such on expensive computers, server rooms, etc. Since Halon manufacturing was banned, a hunt has been on for something that works as well. According to the Halon Alternatives Research Corp., more than 20 different kinds of alternatives exist as direct replacements. Halon Replacement Those categories are inert gases and halocarbon compounds.

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Fire_Extinguisher.ppt

  • 2. Objectives Understand the combustion process and different fire classes Understand fire extinguisher types, operating procedures Understand basic firefighting concepts: R.A.C.E. P.A.S.S. Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use
  • 3. The Combustion Process Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use Three components Need all three components to start a fire Fire extinguishers remove one or more of the components.
  • 4. Fire Classes A Trash Wood Paper C Electrical Equipment B Liquids Grease COMBUSTIBLE METALS D wood paper cloth etc. gasoline oil grease other solvents computers fax machine other energized electrical equip. magnesium sodium potassium titanium other flammable metals
  • 5. Fire Classes (cont.) K Cooking Media Recently recognized by NFPA 10 Fires involving combustible oils, lards and fats in commercial cooking. CLASS K FIRES
  • 6. Fire Extinguisher Anatomy DISCHARGE HOSE DISCHARGE NOZZLE DISCHARGE ORIFICE BODY DATA PLATE CARRYING HANDLE PRESSURE GAUGE (not found on CO2 extinguishers) DISCHARGE LEVER DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN AND SEAL
  • 7. Fire Extinguisher Types Class A fires only 2.5 gal. water (up to 1 minute discharge time) Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check 30-40 ft. maximum effective range Can be started and stopped as necessary Extinguishes by cooling burning material below the ignition point. PRESSURIZED WATER A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment
  • 8. Fire Extinguisher Types (cont.) Class B or C fires 2.5-100 lb. of CO2 (8-30 seconds discharge time) Has NO pressure gauge--capacity verified by weight 3-8 ft. maximum effective range Extinguishes by smothering burning materials Effectiveness decreases as temperature of burning material increases. CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment
  • 9. Fire Extinguisher Types (cont.) Class A, B, or C fires 2.5-20 lb. dry chemical (ammonium phosphate) 8-25 seconds discharge time) Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check 5-20 ft. maximum effective range Extinguishes by smothering burning materials. MULTIPURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment A Trash Wood Paper B Liquids Grease C Electrical Equipment
  • 10. Fire Extinguisher Summary EXTINGUISHER TYPE WORKS BY EFFECTIVE AGAINST PRESSURIZED WATER CARBON DIOXIDE MULTIPURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL COOLING SMOTHERING SMOTHERING
  • 11. Fire Emergency Response R Rescue Alarm Contain Extinguish A C E
  • 12. Fighting the Fire Pull the pin Aim low at the base of flames Squeeze the handle Sweep side to side P A S S
  • 13. Firefighting Decision Criteria Know department emergency procedures and evacuation routes Know locations of extinguishers in your area and how to use them Always sound the alarm regardless of fire size Avoid smoky conditions Ensure area is evacuated Dont attempt to fight unless: Alarm is sounded Fire is small and contained You have safe egress route (can be reached without exposure to fire) Available extinguishers are rated for size and type of fire If in doubt, evacuate! DONT ATTEMPT TO FIGHT UNLESS YOU ARE TRAINED
  • 14. Summary Combustion Process (Fire Triangle) Class A, B, C, D, K fires Types of portable fire extinguishers: Operating procedures Capabilities and limitations Basic firefighting concepts: R.A.C.E. P.A.S.S. Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use
  • 15. Quiz Question 1 Fire extinguisher marked with an A is used on: A) oil fires B) Electrical fires C) paper material fires D) none of the above
  • 16. Quiz Question 2 Fire extinguishers marked with a B can be used on: A) Paper, trash B) Oil or Grease C) Electrical D) Non of the above
  • 17. Quiz addendum How else you can kill a grease fire? A) Smother B) Baking Soda C) A&B
  • 18. Quiz Question 3 Fire extinguisher marked ABC can be used on: A) Wood, Paper B) Electrical C) Liquids and grease D) All of the above
  • 19. Quiz Question 4 Fire Extinguishers marked with D are used for A) Combustible chemicals B) Magnesium C) Potassium D) other flammable metals E) all of the above
  • 20. Quiz Question 5 For what fires is a Halon Fire Extinguisher being used? Guess 1 Guess 2 Guess 3 Guess 4
  • 21. Halon Halon fire extinguisher is important device to have, especially for emergency situations. It contains a gas that interrupts the chemical reaction that takes place when fuels burn. Halon fire extinguisher is often used to protect valuable electrical equipment since they leave no residue. Such on expensive computers, server rooms, etc. Since Halon manufacturing was banned, a hunt has been on for something that works as well. According to the Halon Alternatives Research Corp., more than 20 different kinds of alternatives exist as direct replacements. Halon Replacement Those categories are inert gases and halocarbon compounds.