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Ashiqur Rasul
Lecturer
Department of EEE
Southeast University
Design & Implementation of Assistive Technology for Safe Driving
Priyanka Sarkar ID:2021000520050
Binoy Roy ID:2021000520063
Sourav Mistry ID:2021000520044
Sudipto Raj Sikder ID:2021000520069

Introduction
Road accident is one of the major problems in road transportation
system. The aim of the project is to minimize road accident using
driving assistive technologies. Road accidents occurred by different
causes like road condition, over crossing, lane individuation, weather
condition, less cautious activity of driver etc.This assistive technology
will help driver to view object in foggy weather. It will also measure
object distance for safety breaking. Driving security is ensured by this
system using face recognition to avoid non authentic driving personnel.
Lane detection is another important feature of this assistive system.
Alcohol sensor is used to avoid driving by drunk driver. To implement
safe driving thermal imaging system & AI machine vision technologies
are used in this assistive system.

Objectives
 Reduce Road Accident
 Driver Visual Assistance
 Safety Braking
 Safety Alarms
 Driving Access Security
 Driver Drowsiness Detection
 Lane Departure Alert
 Accident Detection & Notification

Executive Summary
Road safety is a global concern, with human errors being a primary cause of traffic accidents. This project
aims to design and implement an assistive technology system to enhance driver safety and reduce
accidents through advanced real-time monitoring and support systems. The system will leverage sensors,
artificial intelligence, and user-friendly interfaces to assist drivers in making safer decisions while driving.
Key components of the system will include real-time monitoring of driver behavior, detection of potential
hazards (such as obstacles or lane departures), and fatigue detection using facial recognition and biometric
sensors. Additionally, the system will feature advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) to provide alerts
for collisions, speed limit violations, and blind-spot detection. The technology will also incorporate voice
commands, ensuring hands-free interaction and minimizing driver distractions. By integrating data from
various sensors), the system will offer comprehensive support, especially in challenging driving conditions
like poor visibility or heavy. This will contribute to reducing road accidents, improving safety for all road
users, and promoting a safer driving environment.

Block Diagram

Drowsiness Detection Systems
Driver drowsiness and fatigue are significant causes of road accidents. Every year, they increase the number of deaths and
fatalities worldwide. A module for an advanced driver assistance system is presented in this system to reduce the number of
accidents caused by driver fatigue and thus increase transportation safety; this system deals with automatic driver drowsiness
detection based on visual information. Building a driver drowsiness detection system using Arduino involves using sensors and
algorithms to monitor the driver’s behavior and physiological signals.
Eye blink sensor) To detect the driver’s blinking patterns.
Heart rate sensor (optional):To monitor the driver’s heart rate for signs of fatigue.Accelerometer/Gyroscope (optional): To detect
erratic vehicle movement.
Camera with OpenCV (optional for advanced): For facial and eye tracking to detect signs of drowsiness.

Lane Departure Systems
Lane Departure Warning System (LDWS) using Arduino is a simple yet effective project designed to enhance driving
safety by alerting drivers when their vehicle unintentionally drifts out of its lane. This can be implemented using a
combination of sensors and camera modules to detect lane markings and provide real-time feedback to the driver. The
LDWS works by continuously monitoring the vehicle's position relative to the lane markings. Using a camera or line
tracking sensors, the system detects if the vehicle crosses a lane without the use of turn signals. If a lane departure is
detected, an alert (sound, vibration, or visual) is triggered to warn the driver.
For IR sensors: If both sensors detect the lane markers, the vehicle is within the lane. If one of the sensors stops
detecting a marker, the vehicle is drifting.
For a camera-based system: The camera captures the road ahead, and image processing algorithms are used to
detect lane lines.

Accident Detection Systems
The system uses sensors like an accelerometer and vibration sensor to detect an accident. If a sudden change in acceleration or
vibration is detected, the system determines it as an accident and sends an SMS alert containing the vehicle's GPS coordinates to pre-
defined emergency contacts using the GSM module. Additionally, the system includes a manual override button to cancel false
detections. Use an accelerometer or vibration sensor to detect accidents. The accelerometer tracks rapid changes in motion, while a
vibration sensor detects sudden shocks or impacts.Accident Detection: Set threshold values for the accelerometer. If the G-force
exceeds the threshold, the system registers it as a crash.The GSM/GPS module will provide real-time location data in case of an
accident, and the GSM module will send a notification SMS with the accident’s location to emergency contacts.
Alert Mechanism: If the system detects an accident, it activates an alarm (buzzer) and sends the GPS coordinates through SMS.
Manual Override: A button can be added to cancel the emergency alert if the detection was a false positive (no real accident
occurred).

Alcohol Detection
The safety precaution comes into existence due to the inseparable habit of drinking alcohol and then driving the vehicle which is a
serious offence in the eyes of law. The issue is also a serious public health problem and can arise as a important hitches in near coming
days. The arrangement developed targets to lower down the risk of driving and also reduce the misfortune on road in the coming days
due to drunken driver. The work done in this area uses different application of electronic sensors and microcontroller [10]. The
investigation discusses the development in alcohol sensor that read a change in the alcohol particle present in the air. Such kind of
detector is known as a breath analyzer , as it used to finding the analysis of the alcohol content present in human breathe. The product
incorporates detector, microcontroller and other electronic components find the existence of alcohol nearby instantly block the fuel and
hence the engine stop working. This activity will not permit drunken driver to run the engine and thus the arrangement enables
passengers to be safe.

Speed Detection Systems
Vehicle speed detection system using Arduino typically involves using ultrasonic sensors or IR sensors to detect the time it takes
for an object to pass between two points, which can then be used to calculate the speed of the object.
The basic idea is to measure the time taken by an object to pass between two sensors placed at a known distance apart. The speed is
calculated using the formula:
Where:
Distance: The known distance between the two sensors.
Time: The time taken by the object to pass between the two sensors.
Sensor Functionality:
Two ultrasonic sensors are used to detect the presence of an object.
The time1 variable captures the moment the object crosses the first sensor.
The time2 variable captures the moment the object crosses the second sensor.

Arduino Uno R3
The Arduino Uno Rev3 SMD
is a microcontroller board
based on the ATmega328.
It has 14 digital input/output
pins (of which 6 can be used
as PWM outputs), 6 analog
inputs,
Flash Memory: 32 KB
(ATmega328P
Clock Speed: 16 MHz
Length: 68.6 mm

Prototype Physical View

 Collision warning and automatic braking
 Adaptive front headlights
 Lane departure warning
 Lane keeping assistance
 Blind spot
 Driver monitoring
 Speed alert
 Assisted parking
 Overtaking assistance
 Signal violation warning
Future Scopes

 These principles cover the basic driver interface and intervention capabilities for active
vehicle control systems.
 These principles may also be relevant to automation that provides information and
warnings to drivers.
 These principles apply to systems that support elements of the driver’s task.
 These principles also apply to systems that can actively change vehicle speed and
direction.
Scope of Control Principles

 Automation should provide users with safe, comfortable, convenient and efficient mobility.
 This document describes some of the human factors issues and needs associated with
driving task automation.
 It sets out some basic principles that will help to optimize system performance and avoid
drivers being out-of-the-loop and unprepared to manage safety-critical situations when they
are needed.
 When the advanced driver assistance systems control or support elements of the driving
task, drivers should be fully aware of the performance and limitations of those functions.
Conclusion

Thank you

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