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Fish and Bacteria.ppt

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Hafez Mabrouk
Hafez Mabrouk

This document describes the process of aquaponics, which combines aquaculture and hydroponics. In an aquaponics system, fish waste provides nutrients for plants and bacteria that remove toxins from the water, which is then recirculated to the fish. Bacteria convert fish ammonia waste into nitrites and then nitrates, which plants use as nutrients to grow. The plants help filter the water for the fish, creating a symbiotic, closed-loop ecosystem that uses less water and fertilizer than traditional agriculture.

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This presentation was produced and is copyrighted by Stewart- Peterson?, Inc. 2003-2005. Permission is granted for use by active AgEdNet.com? subscribers. All other use is prohibited. STEWART-PETERSON and AGEDNET.COM are registered trademarks of Stewart-Peterson, Inc. AC012 Combining Aquaculture with Hydroponics Aquaculture Library
A natural pond setting ¡­ ? Fish, bacteria and plants all work together to provide nutrients and dispose of waste. ? The ammonia/nitrogen cycle is key.
The ammonia/nitrogen cycle: Nitrosomonas Bacteria Algae, Plants Fish Wastes, Uneaten Feed Nitrobacter Bacteria Ammonia (NH3) Nitrate (NO3) Nitrite (NO2) Fish Feed
Here¡¯s how it works ¡­ ? Fish live in their own bathroom. ? Fish waste is mostly ammonia. ? Excess feed also produces ammonia. ? Too much ammonia and all the fish are dead.
Bacteria to the rescue ¡­ ? Certain bacteria LOVE ammonia. ? Nitrosomonas bacteria eat up the ammonia and give off nitrite. ? But too much nitrite is also dangerous to fish.
Now it¡¯s more bacteria riding to the rescue ¡­ ? Nitrobacter bacteria love nitrites. ? These bacteria give off nitrates as a waste product. ? Once again, too many nitrates will kill the fish.
Then it¡¯s plants that step up to the plate ¡­ ? The plants feed on the nitrates and grow big and strong. ? Fish swim along and eat the plants, releasing ammonia as waste and ? THE WHOLE CYCLE STARTS AGAIN!
What is aquaponics? ? A combination of aquaculture and hydroponics ? Fish, plants and bacteria working together to meet each others needs. ? Fish produce the ammonia ? Bacteria break down the ammonia to nitrates. ? Plants feed on the nitrates to produce fish food.
Aquaponics is experimental: ? True recycling systems that reuse water and nutrients ? No groundwater pollution ? No nutrient runoff ? Less than 1/10th the fertilizer and 1/100th the water of traditional systems ? Outperforms traditional agriculture up to 30:1
More about aquaponics: ? It is a closed-loop ecosystem. ? Combines growing fish and plants ? A manmade version of Mother Nature¡¯s pond, stream and field ecosystem Photo courtesy K. Fitzsimmons.
A simple system: ? Fish in a fish tank ? Pump moves water from the tank through a series of troughs on top of the tank ? Pots have plants in rockwool ? Fish wastes are trapped in the rockwool and feed the plants ? Clean water flows from plants back to the fish tank.
More elaborate systems: ? Systems to separate solid vs. dissolved waste ? Automatic monitors, backup pumps ? Automatic fish feeding system ? System to maximize plant growth
Pretty great system, right? ? An aquaponic system is nearly a total recycling program. ? Plants feed fish. ? Fish waste feeds bacteria. ? Bacteria feed plants. ? But fish grow, so you need to feed them. Photo courtesy K. Fitzsimmons.
System requirements: ? Bacteria like temperatures of 75-80 F ? Bacteria are slow to adapt to changes, so limit changes in feed volume. ? Too few fish? Fertilize the plants. ? In water ¨C not approved for food grade fish ? Spray on the leaves (foliar) ? Don¡¯t forget light for the plants. ? Avoid too much heat from the lights.
The ammonia/nitrate cycle Nitrosomonas Bacteria Algae, Plants Fish Wastes, Uneaten Feed Nitrobacter Bacteria Ammonia (NH3) Nitrate (NO3) Nitrite (NO2) Fish Feed
This presentation was produced and is copyrighted by Stewart- Peterson?, Inc. 2003-2005. Permission is granted for use by active AgEdNet.com? subscribers. All other use is prohibited. STEWART-PETERSON and AGEDNET.COM are registered trademarks of Stewart-Peterson, Inc. www.agednet.com 800-236-7862

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Fish and Bacteria.ppt

  • 1. This presentation was produced and is copyrighted by Stewart- Peterson?, Inc. 2003-2005. Permission is granted for use by active AgEdNet.com? subscribers. All other use is prohibited. STEWART-PETERSON and AGEDNET.COM are registered trademarks of Stewart-Peterson, Inc. AC012 Combining Aquaculture with Hydroponics Aquaculture Library
  • 2. A natural pond setting ¡­ ? Fish, bacteria and plants all work together to provide nutrients and dispose of waste. ? The ammonia/nitrogen cycle is key.
  • 3. The ammonia/nitrogen cycle: Nitrosomonas Bacteria Algae, Plants Fish Wastes, Uneaten Feed Nitrobacter Bacteria Ammonia (NH3) Nitrate (NO3) Nitrite (NO2) Fish Feed
  • 4. Here¡¯s how it works ¡­ ? Fish live in their own bathroom. ? Fish waste is mostly ammonia. ? Excess feed also produces ammonia. ? Too much ammonia and all the fish are dead.
  • 5. Bacteria to the rescue ¡­ ? Certain bacteria LOVE ammonia. ? Nitrosomonas bacteria eat up the ammonia and give off nitrite. ? But too much nitrite is also dangerous to fish.
  • 6. Now it¡¯s more bacteria riding to the rescue ¡­ ? Nitrobacter bacteria love nitrites. ? These bacteria give off nitrates as a waste product. ? Once again, too many nitrates will kill the fish.
  • 7. Then it¡¯s plants that step up to the plate ¡­ ? The plants feed on the nitrates and grow big and strong. ? Fish swim along and eat the plants, releasing ammonia as waste and ? THE WHOLE CYCLE STARTS AGAIN!
  • 8. What is aquaponics? ? A combination of aquaculture and hydroponics ? Fish, plants and bacteria working together to meet each others needs. ? Fish produce the ammonia ? Bacteria break down the ammonia to nitrates. ? Plants feed on the nitrates to produce fish food.
  • 9. Aquaponics is experimental: ? True recycling systems that reuse water and nutrients ? No groundwater pollution ? No nutrient runoff ? Less than 1/10th the fertilizer and 1/100th the water of traditional systems ? Outperforms traditional agriculture up to 30:1
  • 10. More about aquaponics: ? It is a closed-loop ecosystem. ? Combines growing fish and plants ? A manmade version of Mother Nature¡¯s pond, stream and field ecosystem Photo courtesy K. Fitzsimmons.
  • 11. A simple system: ? Fish in a fish tank ? Pump moves water from the tank through a series of troughs on top of the tank ? Pots have plants in rockwool ? Fish wastes are trapped in the rockwool and feed the plants ? Clean water flows from plants back to the fish tank.
  • 12. More elaborate systems: ? Systems to separate solid vs. dissolved waste ? Automatic monitors, backup pumps ? Automatic fish feeding system ? System to maximize plant growth
  • 13. Pretty great system, right? ? An aquaponic system is nearly a total recycling program. ? Plants feed fish. ? Fish waste feeds bacteria. ? Bacteria feed plants. ? But fish grow, so you need to feed them. Photo courtesy K. Fitzsimmons.
  • 14. System requirements: ? Bacteria like temperatures of 75-80 F ? Bacteria are slow to adapt to changes, so limit changes in feed volume. ? Too few fish? Fertilize the plants. ? In water ¨C not approved for food grade fish ? Spray on the leaves (foliar) ? Don¡¯t forget light for the plants. ? Avoid too much heat from the lights.
  • 15. The ammonia/nitrate cycle Nitrosomonas Bacteria Algae, Plants Fish Wastes, Uneaten Feed Nitrobacter Bacteria Ammonia (NH3) Nitrate (NO3) Nitrite (NO2) Fish Feed
  • 16. This presentation was produced and is copyrighted by Stewart- Peterson?, Inc. 2003-2005. Permission is granted for use by active AgEdNet.com? subscribers. All other use is prohibited. STEWART-PETERSON and AGEDNET.COM are registered trademarks of Stewart-Peterson, Inc. www.agednet.com 800-236-7862