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Floriculture in Himachal Pradesh

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Amit Pundir

Floriculture in Himachal Pradesh

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ihmaacala p`doSa maoM puYpao%padna
fUlaaoM ko Antga-t ihmaacala p`doSa maoM xao~fla .2015. ijalaa xao~fla ho@Toya r ibalaas apur 1 ,10 cambaa 51 ,94 hmaIrpu r 5 ,36 kaMga 115 ,64 laahula va spIit 3 ,60 maNDI 15 ,71 iSamala a 36 ,66 isarmaa Or 429 ,41 saaolan a 76 ,92
ihmaacala p`doSa ko ibalaasapur ijalao maoM puYpao%padna
ihmaacala p`doSa maoM ]ganaoihmaacala p`doSa maoM ]ganao vaalao Aig`amavaalao Aig`ama kit-t puYp yaanaI kT Flaavarja aOiDyaaolasa karnaoSana gaulada}dIgaulada}dI ilalaI elsT`aomaoiryaa
MARIGOLD gaOMda African marigold: Tagetes erecta • French marigold: Tagetes patula
Gerbera Cultivars
ALSTROEMERIA elasT`aomaoiryaa Botanical Name: Alstroemeria species Family: Alstroemeriaceae Origin: Chile, Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Paraguay, Venezuela and Argentina
Orchids- future flowers in HP
Cymbidium orchids- a future flower in Himachal Pradesh
ROSE gaulaaba Botanical Name: (Rosa hybrida) Family: Rosaceae
Bird of ParadiseBird of Paradise
Daffodil and Narcissus DOfaoiDla va narigasa
ihmaacala p`doSa maoMihmaacala p`doSa maoM gamalao maoM ]ganao vaalaogamalao maoM ]ganao vaalao Aig`amaAig`ama AlaMkRt paOQaopaOQao ip`maulaa fuiSayaa saa[klaomana ijaroinayama
ihmaacala p`doSa maoM puYp ]Qaaoga ko p`mauK AMSa p` %yaxa $p sao vao maaOsamaI kit-t puYp yaanaI kT flaavarja ]%padna  Kulao fUla yaanaI laUja flaavarja ]%padna  knd ]%padna  hrI pi<ayaaM yaanaI kT ga`Inja  gamalaaoM maoM AlaMkRt paOQao  baaOnao paOQao yaanaI baaoMsaa[-  baIja ]%padna  SauYk puYp ]%padna  [<ar inakalanao ko ilae fUla ]%padna  ikrae ko ilae gamalaaoM maoM paOQao ]
ihmaacala p`doSa maoM puYp ]Qaaoga ko p`mauK AMSa Ap`%yaxa $p sao gamalao banaanaa  hirt gaRh yaanaI ga`Ina ha]sa saamaga`I ] plabQa krvaanaa  fUlaaoM kI pOikMga saamaga`I  fUlaaoM ka pirvahna va maNDIkrNa  SaIt gaRh va P`aSaItna sauivaQaa ]plabQa krvaanaa  puYp pirrxak va baagavaanaI saamaga`I
ihmaacala p`doSa maoM puYp ]Qaaoga kI p`mauK samasyaaeM p`maaiNat va gauNavata baIja va p`ba-Qana saamaga`I ka ABaava  hirt gaRh yaanaI ga`Ina ha]sa saamaga`I ka mahMgaa haonaa  inarMtr va pyaa-Pt puYp ]%padna maoM kmaI  SaIt gaRh va P`aSaItna sauivaQaa ]plabQa na haonaa  puYp iva&ana ivaYaya maoM ivastar iSaxaa ka ABaava  ]icat yaatayaat sauivaQaa ka ABaava  puYp ivapNana maoM jyaada dlaalaI  fUlaaoM maoM pSca sasya tknaIkI ka ABaava  puYp ]%padkaoM maoM p`itspwa-%mak maanaisakta ka ABaava
ihmaacala p`doSa maoM puYp ] %padna baZ,anao hotU vyavaBaairk sauJaava p`maaiNat va gauNavata baIja va p`ba-Qana saamaga`I ]plabQa krvaanaa  puYp maaMga Anausaar inarMtr va pyaa-Pt puYp ]%padna krnaa  SaIt gaRh va P`aSaItna sauivaQaa ]plabQa krvaanaa  puYp iva&ana ivaYaya maoM iSaxaa sauivaQaa ] plabQa krvaanaa  ]icat yaatayaat sauivaQaa ]plabQa krvaanaa  gaaMva blaak va ijalaa str pr saimaityaaM banaakr puYp ivapNana kao sauinaiScat krnaa  fUlaaoM maoM Aasaana pSca sasya tknaIkI ] plabQa krvaanaa
karnaoSana
karnaoSana ko Antga-t ihmaacala p`doSa maoM xao~fla .2013 va 2015. ijalaa xao~fla ho@Toya r ibalaas apur 2013 2015 32 ,4 0 , 95 cambaa 1 ,6 2 , 95 hmaIrpu 0 ,65 0 , laahula va spIit 2013 2015 0 ,0 0 ,0 maNDI 3 ,4 8 , 30 iSamala a 4 ,4 6 , 57 isarmaa Or 4 ,84 9 , 57 saaolan 14 ,6 18 ,
karnaoSana- hirt gaRh maoM ]ganao vaalaa p`mauK kT Flaavar h jauKalaa, ibalaasapur - ihmaacala p`doSa ko Aig`ama karn EaI [Mdr isaMh karnaoSana ko gaucCo baaMQatI maihlaaeI ko ilae tOyaar karnaoSana fUlaaoM ka iDbbaa EaI [Mdr isaMh ko hirt gaRh maoM karnaoSa
•AiQak gauladanavaiQa •ivaiBanna rMgaaoM Aakar va AaikRityaaoM ko fUla •karnaoSana fUlaaoM kI vaYa- Bar maaMga karnaoSana ko ivaSaoSa gauNa
•lambao idna vaalaa fUla •rat ka ]pyau@t tapmaana 10 sao 11 iDga`I saoMTIga`oT •idna ka ]pyau@t tapmaana 13 sao 15 iDga`I saoMTIga`oT •pyaa-Pt saMvaatna •kaba-na Da[Aa@saa[D maa~a 300 sao 500 pI pI ema jalavaayau
•hlkI daomaT imaTTI •pI eca maana 6 sao 7 •vyavasaaiyak KotI ko Ilae imaTTI riht maaQyama jyaada ] pyau@t haota hO ijasamaoM pIT prlaa[T va vamaI-kulaa[T kI baravar maa~a hao •panaI inakasaI ka ivaSaoYa Qyaana rKoM imaTTI va maaQyama
karnaoSana- hirt gaRh maoM ]ganao vaalaa p`mauK kT Flaavarna kI Aayaat kI ga[- SaaIYaa-qa jaD,yau@t klamaoMkarnaoSana kI raopa[ 25 sao 30 paOQao p`it vaga I KotI ko gaur saIKto dQaaola GaumaarvaIM mao
EaoiNayaaoM 1 sTOMDD- yaanaI baD,o fUla vaalaI 2 sp`o yaanaI CaoTo fUla vaalaI iksmaaoM maoM baaMTa gayaa hO • 1 sTOMDD- yaanaI baD,o fUla vaalaI iksmaoM: [na iksmaaoM maoM ek baD,a fUla lambaI DNDI pr iKlata hO. eosaI p`mauK iksmaoM naIcao dI ga[- hOM. •laala: skoinayaa TaMgaa ikllar maasTr va roD ivailayama •gaulaabaI: AasT/a naaora ilanaa kOMDI Aaoiryaanaa va ipMk isama •pIlaI: plaasa maurisayaa taihtI va rOigayaao dI saaola •safod: raomaa kOilaspao saaoMsaara vyaapairk iksmaoM
vaalaI iksmaoM: [na iksmaaoM maoM Anaok CaoTo fUla ek puYp DNDI pr iKlato hMO. eosaI p`mauK iksmaoM naIcao dI ga[- hOM. •laala: raonaI kmaa- [njaao saomjap`a[D va [lsaI •gaulaabaI: barbara maaiD,yaa naqalaI kirnaa maoDlaI va Doija •safod: vha[T rayalTI itbbat Aa[salaOND va e@sala •imaEaNa: ikssaI laUnaa imaraja va maOkaoirnaa
P`abaQa-na • karnaoSana ka p`baQa-na 8 sao 10 saoMTImaITr lambaI SaIYa-sqa SaaKa sao laI ga[- klamaaoM Wara ikyaa jaata hO. • vyaapairk str pr karnaoSana kI klamaoM hirtgaRh yaa paolaIqaIna Gar maoM ]gaaeM ijasamaoM tapmaana 20 sao 25 iDga`I saoMTIga`oT va Aad`-ta 80 p`itSat sao AiQak hao. • klamaoM raogariht baiD,,yaa paOQaaoM sao laoM. • klamaaoM maoM jaD, p`itSat baZ,anao ko ilae klamaaoM ko inacalao ihssao kao ek imanT ko ilae 500 pI pI ema Aa[- baI e yaa ena e e Gaaola maoM DubaaoeMM. • [na SaaoiQat klamaaoM kI raopa[- SaaoiQat rot maoM 3 sao 5 saoMTImaITr dUrI pr kroM.
Floriculture in Himachal Pradesh
raopa[- va puYp AapUit- samaya xao~ raopa[- samaya puYp AapUit- samaya maOdanaI va inacalao phaD,I isatmbar sao A@tUbar frbarI sao Ap`Ola maQya phaD,I janabarI sao frbarI ma[- sao jaUna va A@tUbar sao nabamvar }Mcao phaD,I maaca- sao Ap`Ola jaulaa[- sao isatmbar
sasya ik`yaaeM  karnaoSana maoM EaoNaI Anausaar pMi@t sao pMi@t AaOr paOQao sao paOQao kI dUrI rKI jaatI hO. AamataOr pr sTOMDD- iksamaaoM maoM yah dUrI 20 saoMTImaITr va sp`o iksamaaoM maoM 30 saoMTImaITr rKoM. jaba paOQao 15 sao 20 saoMTImaITr }Mcao hao jaaeM tba paOQao ka caar gaaMzaoM ko }pr sao SaIYa-sqa SaaKa sao 1 sao 2 saoMTImaITr ihssaa naaoMca doM taik AiQak tTsqa SaaKaeM inaklaoM va jyaada puYp ]%padna hao sako.  sTOMDD- iksamaaoM maoM koind`ya SaaKa
sahara donaa  karnaoSana maoM paOQaaoM kao sahara donao ko ilae paolaIqaIna yaa roSama yaa laaoho kI jaalaI jaao 10 sao 10 saoMTImaITr Aakar iCd` kI hao.  eosaI jaalaI kao 3 thaoM maoM raopa[- ko samaya hI ivaCa doM AaOr [nhoM 20 35 va 60 saoMTImaITr jamaIna sath sao paOQaaoM kI
Kad va ]va-rk  paOQaaoM ko Gana%va va imaTTI Anausaar ja,maIna maoM 15 sao 20 @ivaMTla galaI saD,I gaaobar Kad p`it knaala maoM DalaoM.  [sa ko Aitir@t 8 iklaao naa[T/aojana 8 iklaao fasafaorsa va 4 iklaao paoTaisayama p`it knaala maoM DalaoM. gaaobar Kad AaOr fasafaorsa va paoTaisayama kao p`itraopNa pUva- ja,maIna maoM imalaaeM.
Fartigation/fTI-gaiSana p`it 500 vaga- maITr • Day 1: 19/19/19 - 800g • Day 2: plain water • Day 3: 0/52/34 - 700g • Day 4: plain water • Day 5: Ca(NO3)2 - 800g • Day 6: plain water • Day 7: 13/0/45 - 400g • Day 8: plain water • Day 9: MgSO4- 350g + Micronutrient- 300g • Day 10: plain water
Krptvaar inayaM~Na  karnaoSana maoM p`itraopNa ]praMt dao baar inara[- gauD,a[- kroM va Krptvaar inakala doM.  raopa[- pUva- poMDIimaqaoilana DoZ, iklaao yaa flau@laaorailana ek iklaao p`it ho@Toyar lagaBaga 750 laITr panaI maoM Dalakr iCD,kava kroM. caaOD,I pi<ayaaoM vaalao KrptvaaraoM ka inavaarNa 2 4 DI
isaMcaa[- AcCI gauNavata puYp ]%padna ko ilae lagaBaga 50 sao 60 p`itSat namaI @yaairyaaoM maoM banaae rKoM.  gaRYma ?tu maoM saPtah maoM dao sao tIna baar yaa p`it idna isaMcaa[- krnaa ]icat rhta hO. hirt gaRh maoM lagaBaga dao laITr panaI p`it laITr isaMcaa[- krnaI caaihe.
baImaairyaaM ThnaI AMgamaarI  yah baImaarI AlT/naoiryaa DaeMqaa[- kvak sao fOlata hO. Tnao ko AaQaar va gaaMzaoM ka saUKnaa [sako p`mauK laxaNa hOM. nasa-rI yaa paOQa maoM p`mauK baImaarI hO. [samaoM paOQa ja,maIna kI sath sao saD, kr igarnaa Sau$ hao jaatI hO.  [sako inavaarNa ko ilae Daeqaona ema 45 2 ga`ama yaa kOPTana 2
baImaairyaaM fyaUjaoiryama maUla ivaGalana  yah raoga fyaUjaoiryama Aa@saIspaorma DaeMqaa[- naamak kvak sao fOlata hO.  raoga ga`st paOQaaoM ka Asamaanya ivakasa haota hO tqaa na[- ThinayaaM CaoTI p<ao pIlao va tnaa narma pD, jaata hO. Ant maoM paOQaa A@samaat saUK jaata hO va jaD,oM kalaI pD, jaatI hOM. [sako inavaarNa ko ilae
baImaairyaaM sklaoraoiSayama maUla saD,na  yah raoga sklaoraoiSayama ralfisala naamak kvak sao pnapta hO.raoga ga`st paOQao pIlao hao jato hOM va pi<ayaaoM pIlaI hao jatI hOM AaOr paOQao saUK jato hOM.  [sakI raokqaama ]prao@t iCD,kava krnao sao hao jaatI hO. [sako Aitir@t 2 sao 3 vaYa- ka fsala cak` ApnaaeM.
kIT laala makD,I  yah kIT paOQaaoM maoM fUlanao ko samaya p`kT haota hO va paOQaaoM kao QauMQalaa kr dota hO.  [sako inavaarNa ko ilae Da[kaofaola 1 ga`ama yaa Aaomaa[T 1 imalaI laITr p`it laITr panaI maoM
Red spider mites in carnation
kIT sauNDIo hoilayaaoiqasa sauNDI fUlaaoM kao KatI hO va [sako inavaarNa ko ilae eNDaosalfana 1 ga`ama yaa finavaolaroT 2 ga`ama p`it laITr panaI maoM Gaaola kr saPtah maoM ek baar iCD,kava kroM.  karnaoSana ko saaqa gaOMda ] gaanao sao BaI [sa sauNDI ka p`kaop kma hao jaata hO.
kIT qaI`Psa  qa`IPsa pi<ayaaoM sao rsa caUsatI hOM va pi<ayaaM safod hao kr saUK jaatI hOM.  [nakI raokqaama raogar 1 imaila laITr yaa maOlaaqaa^na 1 imaila laITr yaa imaqaayala pOraiqayaana 1 imaila laITr p`it laITr panaI maoM Gaaola kr saPtah maoM ek baar iCD,kava krnao sao hao jaatI hO.
Nematodes infestation
Aakulata yaanaI iDsAaDr hrI pMKuiD,yaaM fTnaa yaa koilksa spilaiTMga  yah samasyaa karnaoSana maoM bahut hI gamBaIr hO va [sako mau#ya karNaaoM maoM jyaada naa[T/aojana Kad tapmaana maoM ]tar caD,aba AnauvaaMiSakI va iksama hO.  [saka inavaarNa hrok kila kao rbaD, baOND sao baaMQanao va ]icat iksama ka cayana krnao sao sambaBa
Floriculture in Himachal Pradesh
Aakulata yaanaI iDsAaDr slaIipnaosa  [samaoM fUla AaMiSak yaa pUNa- $p sao maurJaa jaato hOM. [saka mau#ya karNa fUlaaoM pr [qaIlaIna gaOsa ka duYp`Baaba hO. [sako Aitir@t jyaada }Mcaa tapmaana AaOr panaI kI kmaI sao BaI fUlaaoM maoM slaIipnaosa ko laxaNa idKa[- doto hOM. [sa samasyaa ka inavaarNa fUlaaoM
fUlaaoM kI kTa[- va ivapNana sTONDD- iksamaoM  sTONDD- iksamaaoM maoM fUlaaoM kI kTa[- ]sa samaya kroM jaba pMKuiD,yaaM AaQaI iKlaI haoM yaa poMiTMga ba`uSa Avasqaa maoM haoM. sp`o iksamaoM  sp`o iksamaaoM maoM fUlaaoM kI kTa[- ]sa samaya kroM jaba dao fUla pUNa- $p sao iKla jaaeM va SaoYa
fUlaaoM kI kTa[- va ivapNana ga`oiDMga  karnaoSana fUlaaoM kao tIna EaoiNayaaoM maoM baaMTa jaata hO.  1 puYp DNDI 45 saoMTImaITr sao AiQak  2 puYp DNDI 30 sao 45 saoMTImaITr tk  3 puYp DNDI 30 saoMTImaITr sao kma
fUlaaoM kI kTa[- va ivapNana pOikMga va BaNDarNa  EaoiNakrNa ]praMt karnaoSana fUlaaoM kao 10 yaa 20 ko gaucCaoM maoM baaMQaa jaata hO va [nhoM baaoD- ko iDbbaaoM maoM puYp maNDI Baojaa jaata hO.  puYp ivapNana sao phlao fUlaaoM kao 10 p`itSat Sak-ra Gaaola va 400 pI pI ema 8 ha[D/ao@saI@vaInaaoilana isaT/oT yaa 10 p`itSat Sak-ra Gaaola va 0 ,4 imaila maaolar isalvar qaayaaosalfoT Gaaola
]pja va AamadnaI  karnaoSana fUlaaoM kI ]pja EaoNaI iksama imaTTI jalavaayau jagah raopa[- samaya va sasya ik`yaaAaoM isaMcaa[- pr inaBa-r krtI hO.  sTONDD- iksamaaoM maoM 8 sao 12 fUla DiNDyaaM p`it paOQaa va 240 sao 300 fUla DiNDyaaM p`it vaga- maITr pyaa-Pt ]%padna hO.  sp`o iksamaaoM maoM 5 sao 8 fUla DiNDyaaM p`it paOQaa va 100 sao 150 fUla DiNDyaaM p`it vaga- maITr pyaa- Pt ]%padna hO.

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Floriculture in Himachal Pradesh

  • 2. fUlaaoM ko Antga-t ihmaacala p`doSa maoM xao~fla .2015. ijalaa xao~fla ho@Toya r ibalaas apur 1 ,10 cambaa 51 ,94 hmaIrpu r 5 ,36 kaMga 115 ,64 laahula va spIit 3 ,60 maNDI 15 ,71 iSamala a 36 ,66 isarmaa Or 429 ,41 saaolan a 76 ,92
  • 3. ihmaacala p`doSa ko ibalaasapur ijalao maoM puYpao%padna
  • 4. ihmaacala p`doSa maoM ]ganaoihmaacala p`doSa maoM ]ganao vaalao Aig`amavaalao Aig`ama kit-t puYp yaanaI kT Flaavarja aOiDyaaolasa karnaoSana gaulada}dIgaulada}dI ilalaI elsT`aomaoiryaa
  • 5. MARIGOLD gaOMda African marigold: Tagetes erecta • French marigold: Tagetes patula
  • 9. Cymbidium orchids- a future flower in Himachal Pradesh
  • 10. ROSE gaulaaba Botanical Name: (Rosa hybrida) Family: Rosaceae
  • 11. Bird of ParadiseBird of Paradise
  • 12. Daffodil and Narcissus DOfaoiDla va narigasa
  • 13. ihmaacala p`doSa maoMihmaacala p`doSa maoM gamalao maoM ]ganao vaalaogamalao maoM ]ganao vaalao Aig`amaAig`ama AlaMkRt paOQaopaOQao ip`maulaa fuiSayaa saa[klaomana ijaroinayama
  • 14. ihmaacala p`doSa maoM puYp ]Qaaoga ko p`mauK AMSa p` %yaxa $p sao vao maaOsamaI kit-t puYp yaanaI kT flaavarja ]%padna  Kulao fUla yaanaI laUja flaavarja ]%padna  knd ]%padna  hrI pi<ayaaM yaanaI kT ga`Inja  gamalaaoM maoM AlaMkRt paOQao  baaOnao paOQao yaanaI baaoMsaa[-  baIja ]%padna  SauYk puYp ]%padna  [<ar inakalanao ko ilae fUla ]%padna  ikrae ko ilae gamalaaoM maoM paOQao ]
  • 15. ihmaacala p`doSa maoM puYp ]Qaaoga ko p`mauK AMSa Ap`%yaxa $p sao gamalao banaanaa  hirt gaRh yaanaI ga`Ina ha]sa saamaga`I ] plabQa krvaanaa  fUlaaoM kI pOikMga saamaga`I  fUlaaoM ka pirvahna va maNDIkrNa  SaIt gaRh va P`aSaItna sauivaQaa ]plabQa krvaanaa  puYp pirrxak va baagavaanaI saamaga`I
  • 16. ihmaacala p`doSa maoM puYp ]Qaaoga kI p`mauK samasyaaeM p`maaiNat va gauNavata baIja va p`ba-Qana saamaga`I ka ABaava  hirt gaRh yaanaI ga`Ina ha]sa saamaga`I ka mahMgaa haonaa  inarMtr va pyaa-Pt puYp ]%padna maoM kmaI  SaIt gaRh va P`aSaItna sauivaQaa ]plabQa na haonaa  puYp iva&ana ivaYaya maoM ivastar iSaxaa ka ABaava  ]icat yaatayaat sauivaQaa ka ABaava  puYp ivapNana maoM jyaada dlaalaI  fUlaaoM maoM pSca sasya tknaIkI ka ABaava  puYp ]%padkaoM maoM p`itspwa-%mak maanaisakta ka ABaava
  • 17. ihmaacala p`doSa maoM puYp ] %padna baZ,anao hotU vyavaBaairk sauJaava p`maaiNat va gauNavata baIja va p`ba-Qana saamaga`I ]plabQa krvaanaa  puYp maaMga Anausaar inarMtr va pyaa-Pt puYp ]%padna krnaa  SaIt gaRh va P`aSaItna sauivaQaa ]plabQa krvaanaa  puYp iva&ana ivaYaya maoM iSaxaa sauivaQaa ] plabQa krvaanaa  ]icat yaatayaat sauivaQaa ]plabQa krvaanaa  gaaMva blaak va ijalaa str pr saimaityaaM banaakr puYp ivapNana kao sauinaiScat krnaa  fUlaaoM maoM Aasaana pSca sasya tknaIkI ] plabQa krvaanaa
  • 19. karnaoSana ko Antga-t ihmaacala p`doSa maoM xao~fla .2013 va 2015. ijalaa xao~fla ho@Toya r ibalaas apur 2013 2015 32 ,4 0 , 95 cambaa 1 ,6 2 , 95 hmaIrpu 0 ,65 0 , laahula va spIit 2013 2015 0 ,0 0 ,0 maNDI 3 ,4 8 , 30 iSamala a 4 ,4 6 , 57 isarmaa Or 4 ,84 9 , 57 saaolan 14 ,6 18 ,
  • 20. karnaoSana- hirt gaRh maoM ]ganao vaalaa p`mauK kT Flaavar h jauKalaa, ibalaasapur - ihmaacala p`doSa ko Aig`ama karn EaI [Mdr isaMh karnaoSana ko gaucCo baaMQatI maihlaaeI ko ilae tOyaar karnaoSana fUlaaoM ka iDbbaa EaI [Mdr isaMh ko hirt gaRh maoM karnaoSa
  • 21. •AiQak gauladanavaiQa •ivaiBanna rMgaaoM Aakar va AaikRityaaoM ko fUla •karnaoSana fUlaaoM kI vaYa- Bar maaMga karnaoSana ko ivaSaoSa gauNa
  • 22. •lambao idna vaalaa fUla •rat ka ]pyau@t tapmaana 10 sao 11 iDga`I saoMTIga`oT •idna ka ]pyau@t tapmaana 13 sao 15 iDga`I saoMTIga`oT •pyaa-Pt saMvaatna •kaba-na Da[Aa@saa[D maa~a 300 sao 500 pI pI ema jalavaayau
  • 23. •hlkI daomaT imaTTI •pI eca maana 6 sao 7 •vyavasaaiyak KotI ko Ilae imaTTI riht maaQyama jyaada ] pyau@t haota hO ijasamaoM pIT prlaa[T va vamaI-kulaa[T kI baravar maa~a hao •panaI inakasaI ka ivaSaoYa Qyaana rKoM imaTTI va maaQyama
  • 24. karnaoSana- hirt gaRh maoM ]ganao vaalaa p`mauK kT Flaavarna kI Aayaat kI ga[- SaaIYaa-qa jaD,yau@t klamaoMkarnaoSana kI raopa[ 25 sao 30 paOQao p`it vaga I KotI ko gaur saIKto dQaaola GaumaarvaIM mao
  • 25. EaoiNayaaoM 1 sTOMDD- yaanaI baD,o fUla vaalaI 2 sp`o yaanaI CaoTo fUla vaalaI iksmaaoM maoM baaMTa gayaa hO • 1 sTOMDD- yaanaI baD,o fUla vaalaI iksmaoM: [na iksmaaoM maoM ek baD,a fUla lambaI DNDI pr iKlata hO. eosaI p`mauK iksmaoM naIcao dI ga[- hOM. •laala: skoinayaa TaMgaa ikllar maasTr va roD ivailayama •gaulaabaI: AasT/a naaora ilanaa kOMDI Aaoiryaanaa va ipMk isama •pIlaI: plaasa maurisayaa taihtI va rOigayaao dI saaola •safod: raomaa kOilaspao saaoMsaara vyaapairk iksmaoM
  • 26. vaalaI iksmaoM: [na iksmaaoM maoM Anaok CaoTo fUla ek puYp DNDI pr iKlato hMO. eosaI p`mauK iksmaoM naIcao dI ga[- hOM. •laala: raonaI kmaa- [njaao saomjap`a[D va [lsaI •gaulaabaI: barbara maaiD,yaa naqalaI kirnaa maoDlaI va Doija •safod: vha[T rayalTI itbbat Aa[salaOND va e@sala •imaEaNa: ikssaI laUnaa imaraja va maOkaoirnaa
  • 27. P`abaQa-na • karnaoSana ka p`baQa-na 8 sao 10 saoMTImaITr lambaI SaIYa-sqa SaaKa sao laI ga[- klamaaoM Wara ikyaa jaata hO. • vyaapairk str pr karnaoSana kI klamaoM hirtgaRh yaa paolaIqaIna Gar maoM ]gaaeM ijasamaoM tapmaana 20 sao 25 iDga`I saoMTIga`oT va Aad`-ta 80 p`itSat sao AiQak hao. • klamaoM raogariht baiD,,yaa paOQaaoM sao laoM. • klamaaoM maoM jaD, p`itSat baZ,anao ko ilae klamaaoM ko inacalao ihssao kao ek imanT ko ilae 500 pI pI ema Aa[- baI e yaa ena e e Gaaola maoM DubaaoeMM. • [na SaaoiQat klamaaoM kI raopa[- SaaoiQat rot maoM 3 sao 5 saoMTImaITr dUrI pr kroM.
  • 29. raopa[- va puYp AapUit- samaya xao~ raopa[- samaya puYp AapUit- samaya maOdanaI va inacalao phaD,I isatmbar sao A@tUbar frbarI sao Ap`Ola maQya phaD,I janabarI sao frbarI ma[- sao jaUna va A@tUbar sao nabamvar }Mcao phaD,I maaca- sao Ap`Ola jaulaa[- sao isatmbar
  • 30. sasya ik`yaaeM  karnaoSana maoM EaoNaI Anausaar pMi@t sao pMi@t AaOr paOQao sao paOQao kI dUrI rKI jaatI hO. AamataOr pr sTOMDD- iksamaaoM maoM yah dUrI 20 saoMTImaITr va sp`o iksamaaoM maoM 30 saoMTImaITr rKoM. jaba paOQao 15 sao 20 saoMTImaITr }Mcao hao jaaeM tba paOQao ka caar gaaMzaoM ko }pr sao SaIYa-sqa SaaKa sao 1 sao 2 saoMTImaITr ihssaa naaoMca doM taik AiQak tTsqa SaaKaeM inaklaoM va jyaada puYp ]%padna hao sako.  sTOMDD- iksamaaoM maoM koind`ya SaaKa
  • 31. sahara donaa  karnaoSana maoM paOQaaoM kao sahara donao ko ilae paolaIqaIna yaa roSama yaa laaoho kI jaalaI jaao 10 sao 10 saoMTImaITr Aakar iCd` kI hao.  eosaI jaalaI kao 3 thaoM maoM raopa[- ko samaya hI ivaCa doM AaOr [nhoM 20 35 va 60 saoMTImaITr jamaIna sath sao paOQaaoM kI
  • 32. Kad va ]va-rk  paOQaaoM ko Gana%va va imaTTI Anausaar ja,maIna maoM 15 sao 20 @ivaMTla galaI saD,I gaaobar Kad p`it knaala maoM DalaoM.  [sa ko Aitir@t 8 iklaao naa[T/aojana 8 iklaao fasafaorsa va 4 iklaao paoTaisayama p`it knaala maoM DalaoM. gaaobar Kad AaOr fasafaorsa va paoTaisayama kao p`itraopNa pUva- ja,maIna maoM imalaaeM.
  • 33. Fartigation/fTI-gaiSana p`it 500 vaga- maITr • Day 1: 19/19/19 - 800g • Day 2: plain water • Day 3: 0/52/34 - 700g • Day 4: plain water • Day 5: Ca(NO3)2 - 800g • Day 6: plain water • Day 7: 13/0/45 - 400g • Day 8: plain water • Day 9: MgSO4- 350g + Micronutrient- 300g • Day 10: plain water
  • 34. Krptvaar inayaM~Na  karnaoSana maoM p`itraopNa ]praMt dao baar inara[- gauD,a[- kroM va Krptvaar inakala doM.  raopa[- pUva- poMDIimaqaoilana DoZ, iklaao yaa flau@laaorailana ek iklaao p`it ho@Toyar lagaBaga 750 laITr panaI maoM Dalakr iCD,kava kroM. caaOD,I pi<ayaaoM vaalao KrptvaaraoM ka inavaarNa 2 4 DI
  • 35. isaMcaa[- AcCI gauNavata puYp ]%padna ko ilae lagaBaga 50 sao 60 p`itSat namaI @yaairyaaoM maoM banaae rKoM.  gaRYma ?tu maoM saPtah maoM dao sao tIna baar yaa p`it idna isaMcaa[- krnaa ]icat rhta hO. hirt gaRh maoM lagaBaga dao laITr panaI p`it laITr isaMcaa[- krnaI caaihe.
  • 36. baImaairyaaM ThnaI AMgamaarI  yah baImaarI AlT/naoiryaa DaeMqaa[- kvak sao fOlata hO. Tnao ko AaQaar va gaaMzaoM ka saUKnaa [sako p`mauK laxaNa hOM. nasa-rI yaa paOQa maoM p`mauK baImaarI hO. [samaoM paOQa ja,maIna kI sath sao saD, kr igarnaa Sau$ hao jaatI hO.  [sako inavaarNa ko ilae Daeqaona ema 45 2 ga`ama yaa kOPTana 2
  • 37. baImaairyaaM fyaUjaoiryama maUla ivaGalana  yah raoga fyaUjaoiryama Aa@saIspaorma DaeMqaa[- naamak kvak sao fOlata hO.  raoga ga`st paOQaaoM ka Asamaanya ivakasa haota hO tqaa na[- ThinayaaM CaoTI p<ao pIlao va tnaa narma pD, jaata hO. Ant maoM paOQaa A@samaat saUK jaata hO va jaD,oM kalaI pD, jaatI hOM. [sako inavaarNa ko ilae
  • 38. baImaairyaaM sklaoraoiSayama maUla saD,na  yah raoga sklaoraoiSayama ralfisala naamak kvak sao pnapta hO.raoga ga`st paOQao pIlao hao jato hOM va pi<ayaaoM pIlaI hao jatI hOM AaOr paOQao saUK jato hOM.  [sakI raokqaama ]prao@t iCD,kava krnao sao hao jaatI hO. [sako Aitir@t 2 sao 3 vaYa- ka fsala cak` ApnaaeM.
  • 39. kIT laala makD,I  yah kIT paOQaaoM maoM fUlanao ko samaya p`kT haota hO va paOQaaoM kao QauMQalaa kr dota hO.  [sako inavaarNa ko ilae Da[kaofaola 1 ga`ama yaa Aaomaa[T 1 imalaI laITr p`it laITr panaI maoM
  • 40. Red spider mites in carnation
  • 41. kIT sauNDIo hoilayaaoiqasa sauNDI fUlaaoM kao KatI hO va [sako inavaarNa ko ilae eNDaosalfana 1 ga`ama yaa finavaolaroT 2 ga`ama p`it laITr panaI maoM Gaaola kr saPtah maoM ek baar iCD,kava kroM.  karnaoSana ko saaqa gaOMda ] gaanao sao BaI [sa sauNDI ka p`kaop kma hao jaata hO.
  • 42. kIT qaI`Psa  qa`IPsa pi<ayaaoM sao rsa caUsatI hOM va pi<ayaaM safod hao kr saUK jaatI hOM.  [nakI raokqaama raogar 1 imaila laITr yaa maOlaaqaa^na 1 imaila laITr yaa imaqaayala pOraiqayaana 1 imaila laITr p`it laITr panaI maoM Gaaola kr saPtah maoM ek baar iCD,kava krnao sao hao jaatI hO.
  • 44. Aakulata yaanaI iDsAaDr hrI pMKuiD,yaaM fTnaa yaa koilksa spilaiTMga  yah samasyaa karnaoSana maoM bahut hI gamBaIr hO va [sako mau#ya karNaaoM maoM jyaada naa[T/aojana Kad tapmaana maoM ]tar caD,aba AnauvaaMiSakI va iksama hO.  [saka inavaarNa hrok kila kao rbaD, baOND sao baaMQanao va ]icat iksama ka cayana krnao sao sambaBa
  • 46. Aakulata yaanaI iDsAaDr slaIipnaosa  [samaoM fUla AaMiSak yaa pUNa- $p sao maurJaa jaato hOM. [saka mau#ya karNa fUlaaoM pr [qaIlaIna gaOsa ka duYp`Baaba hO. [sako Aitir@t jyaada }Mcaa tapmaana AaOr panaI kI kmaI sao BaI fUlaaoM maoM slaIipnaosa ko laxaNa idKa[- doto hOM. [sa samasyaa ka inavaarNa fUlaaoM
  • 47. fUlaaoM kI kTa[- va ivapNana sTONDD- iksamaoM  sTONDD- iksamaaoM maoM fUlaaoM kI kTa[- ]sa samaya kroM jaba pMKuiD,yaaM AaQaI iKlaI haoM yaa poMiTMga ba`uSa Avasqaa maoM haoM. sp`o iksamaoM  sp`o iksamaaoM maoM fUlaaoM kI kTa[- ]sa samaya kroM jaba dao fUla pUNa- $p sao iKla jaaeM va SaoYa
  • 48. fUlaaoM kI kTa[- va ivapNana ga`oiDMga  karnaoSana fUlaaoM kao tIna EaoiNayaaoM maoM baaMTa jaata hO.  1 puYp DNDI 45 saoMTImaITr sao AiQak  2 puYp DNDI 30 sao 45 saoMTImaITr tk  3 puYp DNDI 30 saoMTImaITr sao kma
  • 49. fUlaaoM kI kTa[- va ivapNana pOikMga va BaNDarNa  EaoiNakrNa ]praMt karnaoSana fUlaaoM kao 10 yaa 20 ko gaucCaoM maoM baaMQaa jaata hO va [nhoM baaoD- ko iDbbaaoM maoM puYp maNDI Baojaa jaata hO.  puYp ivapNana sao phlao fUlaaoM kao 10 p`itSat Sak-ra Gaaola va 400 pI pI ema 8 ha[D/ao@saI@vaInaaoilana isaT/oT yaa 10 p`itSat Sak-ra Gaaola va 0 ,4 imaila maaolar isalvar qaayaaosalfoT Gaaola
  • 50. ]pja va AamadnaI  karnaoSana fUlaaoM kI ]pja EaoNaI iksama imaTTI jalavaayau jagah raopa[- samaya va sasya ik`yaaAaoM isaMcaa[- pr inaBa-r krtI hO.  sTONDD- iksamaaoM maoM 8 sao 12 fUla DiNDyaaM p`it paOQaa va 240 sao 300 fUla DiNDyaaM p`it vaga- maITr pyaa-Pt ]%padna hO.  sp`o iksamaaoM maoM 5 sao 8 fUla DiNDyaaM p`it paOQaa va 100 sao 150 fUla DiNDyaaM p`it vaga- maITr pyaa- Pt ]%padna hO.