This document is a project report submitted by Soumeet Sarkar to the University of Mumbai for the Master of Commerce program. The report is titled "A study of Derivatives Instrument in Indian Capital Market". It includes an introduction, evaluation certificate, declaration by the student, acknowledgements, and table of contents. The project focuses on analyzing derivatives instruments in the Indian capital market. It provides background on the emergence and importance of derivatives, defines key terms, and discusses the major types of players in the derivatives market such as hedgers and speculators.
This document summarizes the key provisions around auditor eligibility, qualifications, disqualifications, and appointment under the Companies Act 2013 in India. It discusses who is eligible to be an auditor, what qualifications they must have, situations that would disqualify them, and the process and timelines for appointing auditors for new and existing companies, including filling casual vacancies and auditor rotation requirements. It also covers the auditor's remuneration and the process for removing an auditor before the end of their term.
Company audits involve examining a company's financial statements to give an expert opinion on whether they fairly represent the company's financial position. The auditor must follow compliance procedures to ensure reliance on internal controls and perform substantive procedures to check financial data in statements. Auditors must also ensure transactions comply with company law. Appointment, removal, and responsibilities of auditors are outlined in the Company Act.
This document is a project report submitted by Soumeet Sarkar to the University of Mumbai for their Master of Commerce program. The report focuses on Audit Documentation as outlined in SA 230 and Audit Evidence as outlined in SA 500. The report includes an introduction that provides background on auditing, defines auditing, discusses the origin and development of auditing standards in India and internationally. It then outlines the content which will cover SA 230 on audit documentation and SA 500 on audit evidence.
The document outlines the process and methodology for conducting project audits, including definitions, types of auditors, and conditions warranting audits. It emphasizes the need for objectivity and evidence-based findings, while detailing the audit process from initiation to reporting, including suggested questions and report structures. Ultimately, it underscores the importance of creating a recovery plan when project issues are identified.
Sunita Kumari Yadav completed a project report on the company audit of Tirtharoop Electricals Pvt. Ltd. as part of her Master of Commerce program at the University of Mumbai. The report was submitted under the guidance of Mr. Gajanan Wader in 2013-2014. Sunita declared that the work was original and carried out under supervision. It was evaluated and accepted for internal assessment by internal and external examiners. The report included chapters on the company background, accounting records, audit standards and processes, analysis of accounts, and a draft audit report.
The document is a lecture on auditing by Noorul Hadi Qureshi, covering the origin, meaning, definitions, features, and objectives of auditing. It distinguishes between auditing and accounting, outlines the qualities required of an auditor, explores the scope of audit, and discusses various types and advantages of audits. Key points include the auditor's role in verifying the authenticity of financial statements and the important qualities needed for effective auditing.
This document provides information about a student project on how internal audit can control costs. It includes:
- An introduction and title page identifying the student, college, and subject of the advanced cost accounting project.
- Pages for evaluation certificates, declarations, acknowledgements, and a table of contents of the project material.
- The start of chapter 1 on introducing internal audit, including its meaning, history, and how it relates to cost control.
The document appears to be the beginning sections of a student project outlining how internal audit functions can help control costs within an organization. It provides background information and sets up the structure for the project analysis.
The document analyzes the brand equity and market share of Shan and National masala mixes in Karachi, Pakistan. It surveyed 80 women ages 18-54 on their brand awareness, usage, and perception of the brands. Statistical analysis showed Shan had significantly higher recall, usage, and perception as the market leader compared to National. Shan's possible advantages included better taste, protective packaging technology, and greater variety of mixes. The study identified Shan as having stronger brand image and equity in the recipe masala mix category in Karachi.
Premier Aviation Services (PAS) is the National Marketing Company for Amadeus in Pakistan. It provides advanced technology solutions for travel agencies, airlines, hotels, and other travel industry players. PAS has experienced success in recent years, with its distribution and IT solutions businesses contributing to increased revenue and total segments. However, it also faces challenges such as needing continuous improvement, studying competitors' strategies, and reducing costs. Its main competitors in Pakistan are Galileo and Abacus. PAS remains committed to delivering quality products and services to become a brighter, bolder, and better choice for the travel industry.
DayDreamHolidays.com is launching an online hotel and flight booking portal in Pakistan. It aims to capture 2 million customers over the next year with 50% sales growth in year 1 and 100% in year 2. A large marketing campaign utilizing social media will introduce this new product. The portal will allow one-stop booking of hotels, flights and packages. No major competitors currently exist in Pakistan. The presentation outlines objectives, strategies, tactics and a 3-year budget with marketing expenses estimated at 12.5% of annual sales. It projects strong returns on investment and marketing contribution over the 3 years.
DayDreamholidays.com is launching an online hotel booking and tour package website in Pakistan. The marketing plan has three main objectives: 1) satisfy customer needs with a one-stop solution for hotel and flight bookings, 2) become the market leader in the online travel space, and 3) increase brand visibility. Strategies include developing strong relationships and an easy-to-use website. Tactics involve promotional activities like advertising, public relations, and direct marketing. The budget allocates funds across various promotional channels to achieve sales growth targets.
The document analyzes various financial ratios for Engro Foods Limited for the years 2008, 2009, and 2010 to evaluate the company's liquidity, asset usage, profitability, and financial position. It calculates 13 key ratios including current ratio, quick ratio, return on assets, return on equity, and profit margin. The ratios provide insights into Engro Foods' ability to meet short-term obligations, efficiency in using assets, and effectiveness in generating profits.
This document summarizes a research report that compares the brands Shan and National for recipe masala mixes in Pakistan. The report analyzed data from 80 respondents through a questionnaire. Key findings include:
- Shan was the most recalled brand at 46.3%, compared to National at 12.5%
- TV ads were the most effective promotion at 80% awareness
- 68.8% of respondents use Shan most frequently, compared to 28.8% for National
- Biryani masala mix was the most commonly used product at 51.2% usage
- Taste and aroma were considered the most important brand aspect by 65% of respondents.
To find the total sales for the two years, we add the matrices:
A + B = [30 40 42]
[15 40 36]
[23 50 15]
MBA (Evening) Page 17
Application of Matrix Multiplication
Matrix multiplication is useful in many business applications such as:
1. Inventory Management:
- Matrix multiplication can be used to calculate the total value of inventory after applying
markups or discounts.
2. Financial Modeling:
- Matrix multiplication is used to project future values like sales, profits, assets etc. based
on estimated growth rates.
3. Production Scheduling:
- Matrix multiplication helps determine optimal production quantities by
The Rise of UPI & Cashless Transactions: How Mobile Payment Apps Are Transfor...Digital Shende
油
Explore how UPI (Unified Payments Interface) and mobile payment apps like Google Pay, PhonePe, Paytm, and Amazon Pay are revolutionizing financial transactions in India. This 際際滷Share delves into the business models behind these apps, why their services are free, and how they profit from commissions, data, and additional financial products. Discover the strategic shift towards becoming super apps, offering a full suite of financial services beyond simple payments. Perfect for anyone interested in fintech, digital payments, and the future of banking in India.
Adrien Matray - A Prominent MacroeconomistAdrien Matray
油
Adrien Matray is an applied macroeconomist whose research examines how finance shapes economic growth and economic inequality. Growing up in the less affluent suburbs of Paris, where economic disparities were stark, sparked his interest in understanding how financial systems affect well-being. His work addresses critical issues like income inequality and lack of access to formal financial institutions, aiming to inform policies that better regulate alternative financial services and promote equitable economic outcomes, especially for low-income communities.
Seamless Integration of Digital Solutions for Pradhan Mantri Yojana with IPO ...winsofttech
油
Winsoft Technologies continues to lead the way, offering intelligent, adaptable solutions that help bridge the gap between social impact and capital participation. For banks, fintechs, and government agencies looking to stay ahead, partnering with Winsoft means stepping confidently into the future of finance.
https://winsoftech.com/
The impact of India's demonetization on the Nepalese economy is examined in this presentation, which was prepared by SOMTU MBAFC first semester students. Using current events and real-world data, it investigates how the move impacted Nepal's monetary policy, trade, remittances, and liquidity. We would appreciate your input. Please also remember to visit our website, "際際滷ground".
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Why Gmail?
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The document analyzes the brand equity and market share of Shan and National masala mixes in Karachi, Pakistan. It surveyed 80 women ages 18-54 on their brand awareness, usage, and perception of the brands. Statistical analysis showed Shan had significantly higher recall, usage, and perception as the market leader compared to National. Shan's possible advantages included better taste, protective packaging technology, and greater variety of mixes. The study identified Shan as having stronger brand image and equity in the recipe masala mix category in Karachi.
Premier Aviation Services (PAS) is the National Marketing Company for Amadeus in Pakistan. It provides advanced technology solutions for travel agencies, airlines, hotels, and other travel industry players. PAS has experienced success in recent years, with its distribution and IT solutions businesses contributing to increased revenue and total segments. However, it also faces challenges such as needing continuous improvement, studying competitors' strategies, and reducing costs. Its main competitors in Pakistan are Galileo and Abacus. PAS remains committed to delivering quality products and services to become a brighter, bolder, and better choice for the travel industry.
DayDreamHolidays.com is launching an online hotel and flight booking portal in Pakistan. It aims to capture 2 million customers over the next year with 50% sales growth in year 1 and 100% in year 2. A large marketing campaign utilizing social media will introduce this new product. The portal will allow one-stop booking of hotels, flights and packages. No major competitors currently exist in Pakistan. The presentation outlines objectives, strategies, tactics and a 3-year budget with marketing expenses estimated at 12.5% of annual sales. It projects strong returns on investment and marketing contribution over the 3 years.
DayDreamholidays.com is launching an online hotel booking and tour package website in Pakistan. The marketing plan has three main objectives: 1) satisfy customer needs with a one-stop solution for hotel and flight bookings, 2) become the market leader in the online travel space, and 3) increase brand visibility. Strategies include developing strong relationships and an easy-to-use website. Tactics involve promotional activities like advertising, public relations, and direct marketing. The budget allocates funds across various promotional channels to achieve sales growth targets.
The document analyzes various financial ratios for Engro Foods Limited for the years 2008, 2009, and 2010 to evaluate the company's liquidity, asset usage, profitability, and financial position. It calculates 13 key ratios including current ratio, quick ratio, return on assets, return on equity, and profit margin. The ratios provide insights into Engro Foods' ability to meet short-term obligations, efficiency in using assets, and effectiveness in generating profits.
This document summarizes a research report that compares the brands Shan and National for recipe masala mixes in Pakistan. The report analyzed data from 80 respondents through a questionnaire. Key findings include:
- Shan was the most recalled brand at 46.3%, compared to National at 12.5%
- TV ads were the most effective promotion at 80% awareness
- 68.8% of respondents use Shan most frequently, compared to 28.8% for National
- Biryani masala mix was the most commonly used product at 51.2% usage
- Taste and aroma were considered the most important brand aspect by 65% of respondents.
To find the total sales for the two years, we add the matrices:
A + B = [30 40 42]
[15 40 36]
[23 50 15]
MBA (Evening) Page 17
Application of Matrix Multiplication
Matrix multiplication is useful in many business applications such as:
1. Inventory Management:
- Matrix multiplication can be used to calculate the total value of inventory after applying
markups or discounts.
2. Financial Modeling:
- Matrix multiplication is used to project future values like sales, profits, assets etc. based
on estimated growth rates.
3. Production Scheduling:
- Matrix multiplication helps determine optimal production quantities by
The Rise of UPI & Cashless Transactions: How Mobile Payment Apps Are Transfor...Digital Shende
油
Explore how UPI (Unified Payments Interface) and mobile payment apps like Google Pay, PhonePe, Paytm, and Amazon Pay are revolutionizing financial transactions in India. This 際際滷Share delves into the business models behind these apps, why their services are free, and how they profit from commissions, data, and additional financial products. Discover the strategic shift towards becoming super apps, offering a full suite of financial services beyond simple payments. Perfect for anyone interested in fintech, digital payments, and the future of banking in India.
Adrien Matray - A Prominent MacroeconomistAdrien Matray
油
Adrien Matray is an applied macroeconomist whose research examines how finance shapes economic growth and economic inequality. Growing up in the less affluent suburbs of Paris, where economic disparities were stark, sparked his interest in understanding how financial systems affect well-being. His work addresses critical issues like income inequality and lack of access to formal financial institutions, aiming to inform policies that better regulate alternative financial services and promote equitable economic outcomes, especially for low-income communities.
Seamless Integration of Digital Solutions for Pradhan Mantri Yojana with IPO ...winsofttech
油
Winsoft Technologies continues to lead the way, offering intelligent, adaptable solutions that help bridge the gap between social impact and capital participation. For banks, fintechs, and government agencies looking to stay ahead, partnering with Winsoft means stepping confidently into the future of finance.
https://winsoftech.com/
The impact of India's demonetization on the Nepalese economy is examined in this presentation, which was prepared by SOMTU MBAFC first semester students. Using current events and real-world data, it investigates how the move impacted Nepal's monetary policy, trade, remittances, and liquidity. We would appreciate your input. Please also remember to visit our website, "際際滷ground".
Purchase Verified Gmail Accounts
Are you in search of a reliable Gmail account? Look no further! We offer the finest solution for your needs. Our Gmail accounts are active and each comes with a unique IP address to ensure maximum functionality and security. Purchasing an unverified Gmail account can hinder your access to essential features and may result in a loss of funds if the account is not legitimate.
Why Choose Our Service?
Verified Accounts: Every account we sell has passed thorough verification processes.
Secure Transactions: Ensure your investment is safe when acquiring a Gmail account.
Act Now! Secure a verified Gmail account from us today and experience seamless integration and performance. Choose wiselyopt for accounts that guarantee verification.
Why Choose Us for Your Gmail Account Needs?
Buy Gmail Accounts
Buy Gmail Accounts
Are you ready to elevate your business to the next level? We specialize in providing bulk Gmail accounts, both new and old, tailored to your specific needs. Our accounts are not only active and phone verified, but each also boasts a unique IP address to ensure there are no conflicts between accounts.
Key Benefits of Our Service:
Diverse Accounts: Each account comes with a distinct login ID and IP address.
Proven Track Record: With years of experience in the market, we understand exactly what you need.
Reliability: Our accounts are guaranteed to meet your expectations and enhance your business operations.
Take Action Now! Visit our website to purchase your Gmail accounts today. Choose us for a reliable and effective solution to manage your business communications. With us, disappointment isnt an option.
Why Invest in a Gmail Account from Us?
Streamline Your Operations Buying bulk Gmail accounts can be time-consuming and complex due to the need for setup and verification. We provide a seamless solution that saves you time, allowing you to focus on other critical aspects of your business. When you purchase from us, you receive verified, ready-to-use Gmail accounts, delivered promptly to meet your business demands.
Affordable and Efficient Our services are designed to be cost-effective, providing you with a substantial return on investment. By choosing us, youre not just buying Gmail accounts; youre investing in a partnership that aims to boost your businesss efficiency and success.
Why Gmail?
Universal Access: Gmail is one of the most popular email services globally, integrated with various Google services like Google Drive, Google+, and Google Wallet, enhancing productivity.
Robust Features: Each account offers 15 GB of storage, less spam, and easy access across all devicesAndroid, iOS, and desktop. Gmails intuitive design includes features like message threading, easy search, and built-in security.
Marketing and Outreach: Gmail accounts are essential for effective email marketing, allowing you to reach and engage customers directly. Our Phone Verified Accounts (PVAs) are ideal for robust email
Dear Colleagues and Friends,
Community development is a powerful catalyst for national progress. When each community designs its own development model tailored to its unique needs, strengths, and values, transformative change unfolds at the grassrootslaying the foundation for a stronger, more resilient nation.
Inspired by this principle, I conducted a pilot study across global Muslim communities and formulated the Muslim Community Development: ACentreApproach (MCD Model). This model builds on core community development conceptsempowerment, asset-based planning, inclusivity, and local ownership to mobilize community assets and encourage broad participation for sustainable social, economic, and cultural uplift.
I firmly believe the MCD Model offers a valuable framework not only for Muslim communities, but for any community worldwide. While its currently in its pilot phase, Im committed to comparing its results with other community development models to evaluate effectiveness, scalability, and best practices.
Your suggestions, insights, and feedback are warmly welcomed. Please feel free to contact me for further discussion or clarification:
Dr.T.AasifAhmed
aasifahmed.t@gmail.com
The S.T.A.R. Strategy: A Strategic Finance Framework for Healthcare, Infrastr...Temilola Onalaja
油
The S.T.A.R. Strategy is a cross-sector financial framework designed to align operational workflows with strategic financial planning in complex environments. Developed by Temilola Aderonke Onalaja, it has been adopted in healthcare systems, infrastructure projects, and executive trainings across Nigeria, Ghana, South Africa, and the UKdelivering measurable improvements in cost control, forecasting, and institutional risk management.
#Strategic planning in Africa,#Operational efficiency #Risk mitigation framework
#Healthcare finance #CFO tools #Public-private finance #Financial transformation
#Revenue cycle improvement #Infrastructure budgeting #Temilola Onalaja S.T.A.R. Strategy
Abhay Bhutada Foundation and the Shivsrushti ExperienceRoshan Rai
油
This presentation highlights the Abhay Bhutada Foundation's contribution to making Shivsrushti theme park more accessible. With a generous Rs 51 lakh donation, the Foundation makes history more affordable, offering a unique educational experience about Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharajs legacy, enhanced by immersive exhibits and technology.
Shivsrushtis Cultural Revival Backed Strongly by Abhay Bhutada Foundation.pdfLokesh Agrawal
油
Shivsrushti, a cultural theme park near Pune dedicated to the legacy of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, has received strong and consistent support from the Abhay Bhutada Foundation. Under the guidance of historian Babasaheb Purandare, the park blends traditional fort replicas with modern technology like augmented reality and interactive exhibits to make history come alive. The Foundations contributions have enabled operational upgrades, improved access for underprivileged students, and introduced mobile museums that take cultural learning to remote areas. Through hands-on workshops and community involvement, Shivsrushti promotes both education and local skill development. With plans for digital centres and cultural exchange, the Foundations long-term commitment is helping transform the park into a vibrant, forward-looking hub of historical learning.