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Fracture 3

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Gaurav Sangam

This document discusses radiological examination and x-rays. It notes that x-rays are used to diagnose fractures and dislocations, evaluate displacements, and study the nature of force causing fractures. It provides guidance on requesting x-rays, including specifying the area of suspicion and requesting appropriate views. It also discusses special views that better show fractures in some cases, such as oblique views for wrist fractures. Finally, it lists important points to note when reading an x-ray, such as the affected bone and part, fracture level and pattern, and whether it is fresh or old.

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Fracture 3
WHY RADIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION? FOR DIAGNOSIS OF #/DISLOCATION EVALUATION OF displacements, if any Studying the nature of force causing fracture
ASKING FOR AN X-RAY Following points should be kept in mind Both, antero-posterior and lateral views should be requested in most situations Joint above and below should be included For x-ray of hands and feets, antero-posterior and oblique views (not lateral) are requried
ASKING FOR AN X-RAY X-ray requisition must specify the area of suspicion Eg- if and injury to D12 is suspected , ask for an X-ray of the dorso-lumbar spine focussing D12. Eg- In cases of suspected pelvic injury X-ray of the pelvis with both hip joint
ASKING FOR AN X-RAY Special views shows fractures better in some cases
SPECIAL VIEWS Oblique view wrist for scaphoid fracture
SPECIAL VIEWS Judet view for acetabular fracture
SPECIAL VIEWS Merchant view for patello-femoral joint
SPECIAL VIEWS Skyline view for calcaneum fracture
Fracture 3
READING AN X-RAY One must note following points: 1. Which bone is affected? 2. Which part of bone is affected? 3. What level is the fracture? (1/3rd) 4. What is the pattern of fracture?
READING AN X-RAY 5. Is the fracture displaced? 6. Is the fracture line extending into the nearby joint? 7. Does the underlying bone appear pathological? 8. Is it fresh or an old fracture?
Fracture 3
Fracture 3

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Fracture 3

  • 2. WHY RADIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION? FOR DIAGNOSIS OF #/DISLOCATION EVALUATION OF displacements, if any Studying the nature of force causing fracture
  • 3. ASKING FOR AN X-RAY Following points should be kept in mind Both, antero-posterior and lateral views should be requested in most situations Joint above and below should be included For x-ray of hands and feets, antero-posterior and oblique views (not lateral) are requried
  • 4. ASKING FOR AN X-RAY X-ray requisition must specify the area of suspicion Eg- if and injury to D12 is suspected , ask for an X-ray of the dorso-lumbar spine focussing D12. Eg- In cases of suspected pelvic injury X-ray of the pelvis with both hip joint
  • 5. ASKING FOR AN X-RAY Special views shows fractures better in some cases
  • 6. SPECIAL VIEWS Oblique view wrist for scaphoid fracture
  • 7. SPECIAL VIEWS Judet view for acetabular fracture
  • 8. SPECIAL VIEWS Merchant view for patello-femoral joint
  • 9. SPECIAL VIEWS Skyline view for calcaneum fracture
  • 11. READING AN X-RAY One must note following points: 1. Which bone is affected? 2. Which part of bone is affected? 3. What level is the fracture? (1/3rd) 4. What is the pattern of fracture?
  • 12. READING AN X-RAY 5. Is the fracture displaced? 6. Is the fracture line extending into the nearby joint? 7. Does the underlying bone appear pathological? 8. Is it fresh or an old fracture?