際際滷

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From Research to Investigation. Digital Traces and their Use in Data Journalism and OSINT

Davide Bennato
Davide Bennato

際際滷 presented at "What People Leave Behind: Marks, Traces, Footprints and their Significance for Social Sciences", Online, June 15-16, 2021. The digital traces come from two different necessities: technological and social. The technological necessity is the traces used to ensure the proper operation of the system (e.g cookies, IP address). The social necessity is the traces used to facilitate interaction into the platforms (e.g. login, username, posting, liking). Recently the use of digital traces is used in data journalism and OSINT (Open Source Intelligence) a new approach to information in which the knowledge is based on investigation rather than research. The paper aims to introduce this new kind of approach and their contribution to the research in digital sociology.

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FROM RESEARCH TO INVESTIGATION Digital traces and their use in data journalism and OSINT DAVIDE BENNATO | UNIVERSIT DI CATANIA DAVIDE.BENNATO@UNICT.IT | @TECNOETICA
DOING SOCIOLOGY OUTSIDE (ACADEMIC) SOCIOLOGY The social science approach in professional context Marketing Business intelligence Cybersecurity Data journalism OSINT community []
RESEARCH STRATEGY IN SOCIOLOGICAL AND INVESTIGATIVE RESEARCH SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH Discourse: scientific Guideline: theory Approach: analysis Data handling: homogeneus Results: from particular to general (extending the result) INVESTIGATIVE RESEARCH Discourse: consulting Guideline: case study Approach: profiling Data handling: juxtapose Results: from general to particular (detailing the results)
DATA JOURNALISM The use of data for news reporting Investigation data based Data: public and open statistical source (es. crime statistics, public sector statistics)
OSINT (OPEN SOURCE INTELLIGENCE) The use information source for security and news reporting Investigation computational based (not only numerical data) Data: information open source or open access (es. digital tracks, Google Maps, photo repository)
https://www.propublica.org/ https://www.bellingcat.com/
THE BBC 束ANATOMY OF A KILLING損 INVESTIGATION One of the most important OSINT journalism investigation in 2018 The story: the identifying of place, date, and killer, extracting information from a video went viral where two women are killed by some soldiers because probably supporter of Boko Haram The story was published as a video in Youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4G9S- eoLgX4 and a thread in Twitter: https://twitter.com/BBCAfrica/status/104418 6344153583616
THE VIDEO
1. WHERE? THE CLUE THE INVESTIGATION Answer: Zelevet, North Cameroon
2. WHEN? THE CLUE THE INVESTIGATION Answer: after 2014, before 2016, the early 2015
2. WHEN? https://twitter.com/BBCAfrica/status/1044186386847404033 Answer: between March 20 and April 5th 2015
3. WHO: THE KILLER? THE CLUE THE INVESTIGATION Answer: 束Tchotcho損 Cyriaque Bityala, Cameroon regular army
THE RESULTS BEFORE THE INVESTIGATION AFTER THE INVESTIGATION
CONCLUSIONS There are interesting similarities in the use of digital tracks between research in sociology and investigation in journalism and intelligence The main differences are in the extending the results: finding the general pattern in sociological research, define the details in the case studies of the journalism reportage What is important would be the exchange of methologies and tools in this two different knowledge communities
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From Research to Investigation. Digital Traces and their Use in Data Journalism and OSINT