Function, Affordance, and the "How to"
- 2. Disclaimer!
- 3. Agenda
- 4. Agenda Who am I
- 5. Agenda Who am I The unambiguous function
- 6. Agenda Who am I The unambiguous function Does it have to be useful?
- 7. Agenda Who am I The unambiguous function Does it have to be useful? The context of use
- 8. Agenda Who am I The unambiguous function Does it have to be useful? The context of use Not 1:1
- 9. Agenda Who am I The unambiguous function Does it have to be useful? The context of use Not 1:1 Ascribing functions
- 10. Agenda Who am I The unambiguous function Does it have to be useful? The context of use Not 1:1 Ascribing functions Affordances and other clues
- 11. Agenda Who am I The unambiguous function Does it have to be useful? The context of use Not 1:1 Ascribing functions Affordances and other clues The How 岳看
- 12. Who am I Charlotte Branth Claussen Wannabe Techwriter Technical Writer at Oticon BA in Art History MA in Cognitive Semiotics
- 20. The unambiguous function a piece of furniture with many family members gathered in one piece. Here is the sofa, the coffee table, the floor lamp and the bookcase in one, coherent form. (Stelzner 2005)
- 21. The unambiguous function Hence, the function becomes less clear, but in return Hammerstr淡ms piece of furniture activates a reflection of furniture designs traditional anchor point, the function. (Stelzner 2005)
- 22. The unambiguous function In this way, it is no longer the primary function, Hammerstr淡m designs, but on the contrary a modernistic, one-sided function, she challenges. (Stelzner 2005)
- 23. The unambiguous function discusses design as an autonomous unity, but still keeps a certain functionality just another type than the functionalistic function. (Stelzner 2005)
- 24. The unambiguous function While the modernist design has a clear, explicit functionality, the radical contemporary design challenges and discusses the modernistic naturalized functionality. (Stelzner 2005)
- 26. The unambiguous function It is a chair that radiates the epitome of function. The form itself becomes the chairs decoration so that its symbolic values will absolutely not overshadow its primary function (Stelzner 2005)
- 27. The unambiguous function I wanted to show the kinship of different pieces of furniture. For instance, you dont need to be told that when you buy a floor lamp, it has to stand next to the armchair. You also know where to put the coffee table. It is not something you need to learn. Habits and tradition tell us how is should be. (Hammerstr淡m 2005)
- 28. The unambiguous function I wanted to show the kinship of different pieces of furniture. For instance, you dont need to be told that when you buy a floor lamp, it has to stand next to the armchair. You also know where to put the coffee table. It is not something you need to learn. Habits and tradition tell us how is should be. (Hammerstr淡m 2005)
- 29. The unambiguous function I wanted to show the kinship of different pieces of furniture. For instance, you dont need to be told that when you buy a floor lamp, it has to stand next to the armchair. You also know where to put the coffee table. It is not something you need to learn. Habits and tradition tell us how is should be. (Hammerstr淡m 2005)
- 30. The unambiguous function I wanted to show the kinship of different pieces of furniture. For instance, you dont need to be told that when you buy a floor lamp, it has to stand next to the armchair. You also know where to put the coffee table. It is not something you need to learn. Habits and tradition tell us how is should be. (Hammerstr淡m 2005)
- 31. The unambiguous function primary functions vs secondary functions
- 32. The unambiguous function primary functions inner dimensions vs vs secondary functions outer dimensions
- 33. The unambiguous function primary functions inner dimensions vs vs secondary functions outer dimensions
- 34. The unambiguous function Primary function:
- 35. The unambiguous function Primary function: Purpose
- 36. The unambiguous function Primary function: Purpose Mode of operation
- 37. The unambiguous function Primary function: Purpose Mode of operation Possibility
- 39. The context of use
- 41. Not 1:1 Layered semantics: Normal use
- 42. Not 1:1 Layered semantics: Normal use Problem solving
- 43. Not 1:1 Layered semantics: Normal use Problem solving Repairs
- 44. Not 1:1 Layered semantics: Normal use Problem solving Repairs Deeper knowledge
- 45. Not 1:1 Standard function vs Ad hoc function
- 46. Does it have to be useful?
- 47. Does it have to be useful?
- 48. Does it have to be useful?
- 49. Ascribing functions The HIPE theory of function:
- 50. Ascribing functions The HIPE theory of function: History
- 51. Ascribing functions The HIPE theory of function: History Intentional perspective
- 52. Ascribing functions The HIPE theory of function: History Intentional perspective Physical environment
- 53. Ascribing functions The HIPE theory of function: History Intentional perspective Physical environment Event Sequences
- 54. Ascribing functions A function can be ascribed if:
- 55. Ascribing functions A function can be ascribed if: We believe that the artifact has the physical capacity to perform the function in order to complete a use plan
- 56. Ascribing functions A function can be ascribed if: We believe that the artifact has the physical capacity to perform the function in order to complete a use plan We can justify our belief
- 57. Ascribing functions A function can be ascribed if: We believe that the artefact has the physical capacity to perform the function in order to complete a use plan We can justify our belief A designer has developed the use plan and selected the artifact for its capacity
- 58. Ascribing functions A function can be ascribed if: We believe that the artifact has the physical capacity to perform the function in order to complete a use plan We can justify our belief A designer has developed the use plan and selected the artifact for its capacity The designer has passed on the use plan
- 59. Ascribing functions A function can be ascribed if: We believe that the artifact has the physical capacity to perform the function in order to complete a use plan We can justify our belief A designer has developed the use plan and selected the artifact for its capacity The designer has passed on the use plan
- 60. Ascribing functions A function can be ascribed if: We believe that the artifact has ought to have the physical capacity to perform the function in order to complete a use plan We can justify our belief A designer has developed the use plan and selected the artifact for its capacity The designer has passed on the use plan
- 61. Affordances and other clues
- 62. Affordances and other clues the affordances of the environment are what it offers the animal, what it provides or furnishes, either for good or ill " (Gibson 1977 )
- 63. Affordances and other clues the affordances of the environment are what it offers the animal, what it provides or furnishes, either for good or ill " (Gibson 1977 )
- 64. Affordances and other clues the affordances of the environment are what it offers the animal, what it provides or furnishes, either for good or ill " (Gibson 1977 )
- 65. Affordances and other clues Real affordances
- 66. Affordances and other clues Real affordances Perceived affordances
- 67. Affordances and other clues Real affordances Perceived affordances Hidden affordances
- 68. Affordances and other clues Real affordances Perceived affordances Hidden affordances Empty (false) affordances
- 69. Affordances and other clues Real affordances Perceived affordances Hidden affordances Empty (false) affordances Correct rejections
- 70. Affordances and other clues Real affordances Perceived affordances Hidden affordances Empty (false) affordances Correct rejections Conventions
- 71. Affordances and other clues Real affordances Perceived affordances Hidden affordances Empty (false) affordances Correct rejections Conventions Canonical affordances
- 72. Affordances and other clues Real affordances Perceived affordances Hidden affordances Empty (false) affordances Correct rejections Conventions Canonical affordances Sequential affordances
- 73. Affordances and other clues
- 74. Affordances and other clues
- 75. Affordances and other clues
- 76. The How 岳看 "For designers it most probably is important to understand artefacts in terms of functions: in design methodology, for instance, designing is often defined as a process that starts with specific required functions and that ends with a physical description of an artefact that can perform these functions. (Vermaas and Houkes 2006:32-33)
- 77. The How 岳看 "For designers it most probably is important to understand artefacts in terms of functions: in design methodology, for instance, designing is often defined as a process that starts with specific required functions and that ends with a physical description of an artefact that can perform these functions. (Vermaas and Houkes 2006:32-33)
- 78. The How 岳看 "For designers it most probably is important to understand artefacts in terms of functions: in design methodology, for instance, designing is often defined as a process that starts with specific required functions and that ends with a physical description of an artefact that can perform these functions. (Vermaas and Houkes 2006:32-33)
- 79. The How 岳看 "But for users this understanding may be unnecessarily full. Users may take artefacts simply as means for attaining desired ends, without making the additional step of expressing this as that artefact have functions." (Vermaas and Houkes 2006:33)
- 80. The How 岳看 "But for users this understanding may be unnecessarily full. Users may take artefacts simply as means for attaining desired ends, without making the additional step of expressing this as that artefact have functions." (Vermaas and Houkes 2006:33)
- 81. The How 岳看 Interaction with an object or an application:
- 82. The How 岳看 Interaction with an object or an application: What is our goal in a given situation?
- 83. The How 岳看 Interaction with an object or an application: What is our goal in a given situation? Are we confident that we get the clues right?
- 84. Thoughts?
Editor's Notes
- #3: Not how to do technical writing No practical usability tipsNot entirely up to date
- #32: Eco Funktionen og tegnet 1998/La struttura assente 1968
- #33: Engholm og Michelsen 1999 Designmaskinen / Engholm og Riis 2001Vitruvius - De architectura - firmitas, utilitas, venustas solid, useful, beautiful. Vitruvian virtues or the Vitruvian Triad
- #34: Engholm og Michelsen 1999 Designmaskinen / Engholm og Riis 2001Vitruvius - De architectura - firmitas, utilitas, venustas solid, useful, beautiful. Vitruvian virtues or the Vitruvian Triad
- #36: WHAT IS IT FOR?opgave eller aktivitet som nogen eller noget har til form奪l at udf淡re, ofte som led i en st淡rre sammenh脱ng
- #37: HOW DOES IT WORK?m奪de som noget virker eller arbejder p奪, fx teknisk eller kemisk
- #38: WHAT CAN IT HELP ME DO?mulighed for at udf淡re en bestemt handling under brug af en maskine, afvikling af et edb-program el.lign.
- #42: You copy - Xerox
- #43: Open to see if paper is jammed. Change toner
- #44: Open to see if paper is jammed. Change toner
- #45: Knowledge of principles behind beyond simple repair.
- #46: Standard= designers function (socially accepted, Hansson 2006)Stol til at
- #47: The object that doesnt do what it is supposed to
- #48: A useful thing you cannot use because something else is lacking
- #49: Pensioner time precision, skills, needs of the user
- #51: History of the design originally intended purpose, development process, production, previous use
- #52: Intention of the one thinking of function why you think about an objects function. User, buying a gift, etc.Viewpoint.
- #53: The artifact, surroundings, and interactingagent (typically the user)
- #54: Actions in the relevant situation.
- #66: We get clues about real, actual possible interactions.
- #67: What we see as possibilities of interaction but what are really signals like icons on a desktop
- #68: What we see as possibilities of interaction but what are really signals like icons on a desktop. You get feedback though not a directly physical one, like you would If you tried to walk into a chair.
- #69: What we see as possibilities of interaction but what are really signals like icons on a desktop. You get feedback though not a directly physical one, like you would If you tried to walk into a chair.
- #70: What we see as possibilities of interaction but what are really signals like icons on a desktop. You get feedback though not a directly physical one, like you would If you tried to walk into a chair.
- #71: What we see as possibilities of interaction but what are really signals like icons on a desktop. You get feedback though not a directly physical one, like you would If you tried to walk into a chair.
- #72: What we see as possibilities of interaction but what are really signals like icons on a desktop. You get feedback though not a directly physical one, like you would If you tried to walk into a chair.
- #73: Keyhole is easy to recognize but the fact that the key has to be turned is harder and requires knowledge on convention.
- #74: Keyhole is easy to recognize but the fact that the key has to be turned is harder and requires knowledge on convention.
- #75: Keyhole is easy to recognize but the fact that the key has to be turned is harder and requires knowledge on convention.
- #76: Keyhole is easy to recognize but the fact that the key has to be turned is harder and requires knowledge on convention.