Galaxies PPT.pptx
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The document summarizes the different types of galaxies. There are three main types: spiral galaxies which have a central bulge and spiral arms containing stars and gas; elliptical galaxies which are spherical or cigar-shaped blobs containing only old stars; and irregular galaxies which do not fit into a defined shape category. Astronomer Edwin Hubble first classified galaxies in the 1920s into these categories which are still used today. The Milky Way galaxy, where our solar system is located, is a barred spiral galaxy with a disk of about 100 billion stars.
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Galaxies PPT.pptx
- 1. CHAPTER 3 10TH GRADE SCIENCE
- 3. WHAT IS A GALAXY? A galaxy (from the Greek word galaxias, meaning milky) is a much larger gravitationally bound system that consist of hundreds of billions of stars, gas, dust, stellar matter, and stellar remnants.
- 4. How big are galaxies? The largest galaxies have more than a TRILLION stars. There are BILLIONS of galaxies in the universe.
- 5. Galaxies The sun is a star in the Milky Way galaxy. The sun and its planets are located about 2/3 of the way from the center of the galaxy
- 7. Components of Galaxies Nucleus- the bright center of the galaxy Central bulge- a spherical-shaped structure that usually consist of old stars, gas, and dust
- 8. Components of Galaxies Disk- a large, flat arrangement of young stars, gas and dust that surrounds the bulge. Halo- a huge, spherical- shaped structure of individual or cluster of old stars surrounds the disk Spiral arms- curved extensions that stretch from the nucleus or bulge.
- 9. As you look at this image, you will notice many different types of galaxies. Edwin Hubble, the astronomer for whom the Hubble Space Telescope is named, began to classify galaxies in the 1920s, mostly by their shapes. We still use the galaxy names that Hubble originally assigned. 3 Types of Galaxies
- 11. Spiral Galaxies Spiral galaxies appear to have a bulge in the middle and arms that spiral outward, like pinwheels. The spiral arms contain many bright, young stars as well as dust and gas. Relatively few new stars are forming in the central bulge.
- 12. Spiral Galaxies Spiral galaxies have a bar shaped band stars that runs through the center bulge and merges with the spiral arms. These galaxies are called barred spiral galaxies. The milky way is a spiral galaxy
- 13. The Milky Way
- 14. The Milky way Galaxy The milky way is a barred spiral galaxy with a large disk that consist of about 100 billion stars and stretches to about 100 000 light years. It has four major spiral Arms Centaurus arms Norma arms Perseus arms Sagittarius arms
- 16. Elliptical Galaxies Have a spherical to cigar- liked shapes with a large bulge center and a halo. They lack a disk and spiral arms but have large range size that can be up to million light-years in diameter.
- 17. Elliptical Galaxies About one third of all galaxies are simply massive blobs of stars. Elliptical galaxies have very bright centers and very little dust and gas. Because there is so little gas, there are no new stars forming, and therefore elliptical galaxies contain only old stars. Elliptical galaxies are believed to have formed from the collision of many smaller galaxies.
- 18. Irregular Galaxies When Hubble first classified galaxies, he had a group of leftovers. He named them irregulars. Irregular galaxies are galaxies that do not fit into any other class. As their name suggests, their shape is irregular.
- 19. Can you find examples of spiral, elliptical, and irregular galaxies?
- 20. Edwin Hubble Classified galaxies by their shape He is who the Hubble Space Telescope (a REALLY powerful telescope used by NASA) is named after!
- 21. In your notes, draw each type of galaxy
- 31. Home work Follow Up page 62