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GIT SYSTEM ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY PPT.ppt

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The document summarizes the key components and functions of the human digestive system. It describes the main phases and types of digestion, as well as the organization of the gastrointestinal tract. It provides details on the roles and processes of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and accessory organs like the liver, gallbladder and pancreas in breaking down food and absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream.

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Digestive System
Digestion Phases Include 1. Ingestion 2. Movement 3. Mechanical and Chemical Digestion 4. Absorption 5. Elimination
Digestion Types Mechanical (physical) Chew Tear Grind Mash Mix Chemical Enzymatic reactions to improve digestion of Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids
Digestive System Organization Gastrointestinal (Gl) tract Tube within a tube Direct link/path between organs Structures Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large Intestine Rectum 4
Mouth Teeth mechanically break down food into small pieces. Tongue mixes food with saliva (contains amylase, which helps break down starch). Epiglottis is a flap-like structure at the back of the throat that closes over the trachea preventing food from entering it. It is located in the Pharynx.
Esophagus Approximately 20 cm long. Functions include: 1. Secrete mucus 2. Moves food from the throat to the stomach using muscle movement called peristalsis If acid from the stomach gets in here thats heartburn. Mouth, Pharynx and Esophagus Video
Stomach 7 J-shaped muscular bag that stores the food you eat, breaks it down into tiny pieces. Mixes food with Digestive Juices that contain enzymes to break down Proteins and Lipids. Acid (HCl) in the stomach Kills Bacteria. Food found in the stomach is called Chyme.
Small Intestine Small intestines are roughly 7 meters long Lining of intestine walls has finger-like projections called villi, to increase surface area. The villi are covered in microvilli which further increases surface area for absorption. 8 Crash Course Review
Small Intestine Nutrients from the food pass into the bloodstream through the small intestine walls. Absorbs: 80% ingested water Vitamins Minerals Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Secretes digestive enzymes 9
Large Intestine About 1.5 meters long Accepts what small intestines dont absorb Rectum (short term storage which holds feces before it is expelled).
Large Intestine Functions Bacterial digestion Ferment carbohydrates Absorbs more water Concentrate wastes
Accessory Organs The Glands Not part of the path of food, but play a critical role. Include: Liver, gall bladder, and pancreas
Liver Directly affects digestion by producing bile Bile helps digest fat filters out toxins and waste including drugs and alcohol and poisons. 13
Gall Bladder Stores bile from the liver, releases it into the small intestine. Fatty diets can cause gallstones
Pancreas Produces digestive enzymes to digest fats, carbohydrates and proteins Regulates blood sugar by producing insulin Web Page Reinforcement Video
GIT SYSTEM ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY PPT.ppt
On a sheet of paper, write the name of each colored organ: Green: Red: Pink: Brown: Purple: Green: Yellow:
Howd you do? Green: Esophagus Red: Stomach Pink: Small Intestine Brown: Large Intestine Purple: Liver Green: Gall Bladder Yellow: Pancreas Great Job!
References and Links Your Digestive System and How It Works Digestive system diagram comes from this site The Real Deal on the Digestive System Pancreas: Introduction and Index Your Gross and Cool Body - Digestive System Laurentian Regional High School Data Base - you must know the Username and Password

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GIT SYSTEM ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY PPT.ppt

  • 2. Digestion Phases Include 1. Ingestion 2. Movement 3. Mechanical and Chemical Digestion 4. Absorption 5. Elimination
  • 3. Digestion Types Mechanical (physical) Chew Tear Grind Mash Mix Chemical Enzymatic reactions to improve digestion of Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids
  • 4. Digestive System Organization Gastrointestinal (Gl) tract Tube within a tube Direct link/path between organs Structures Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large Intestine Rectum 4
  • 5. Mouth Teeth mechanically break down food into small pieces. Tongue mixes food with saliva (contains amylase, which helps break down starch). Epiglottis is a flap-like structure at the back of the throat that closes over the trachea preventing food from entering it. It is located in the Pharynx.
  • 6. Esophagus Approximately 20 cm long. Functions include: 1. Secrete mucus 2. Moves food from the throat to the stomach using muscle movement called peristalsis If acid from the stomach gets in here thats heartburn. Mouth, Pharynx and Esophagus Video
  • 7. Stomach 7 J-shaped muscular bag that stores the food you eat, breaks it down into tiny pieces. Mixes food with Digestive Juices that contain enzymes to break down Proteins and Lipids. Acid (HCl) in the stomach Kills Bacteria. Food found in the stomach is called Chyme.
  • 8. Small Intestine Small intestines are roughly 7 meters long Lining of intestine walls has finger-like projections called villi, to increase surface area. The villi are covered in microvilli which further increases surface area for absorption. 8 Crash Course Review
  • 9. Small Intestine Nutrients from the food pass into the bloodstream through the small intestine walls. Absorbs: 80% ingested water Vitamins Minerals Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Secretes digestive enzymes 9
  • 10. Large Intestine About 1.5 meters long Accepts what small intestines dont absorb Rectum (short term storage which holds feces before it is expelled).
  • 11. Large Intestine Functions Bacterial digestion Ferment carbohydrates Absorbs more water Concentrate wastes
  • 12. Accessory Organs The Glands Not part of the path of food, but play a critical role. Include: Liver, gall bladder, and pancreas
  • 13. Liver Directly affects digestion by producing bile Bile helps digest fat filters out toxins and waste including drugs and alcohol and poisons. 13
  • 14. Gall Bladder Stores bile from the liver, releases it into the small intestine. Fatty diets can cause gallstones
  • 15. Pancreas Produces digestive enzymes to digest fats, carbohydrates and proteins Regulates blood sugar by producing insulin Web Page Reinforcement Video
  • 17. On a sheet of paper, write the name of each colored organ: Green: Red: Pink: Brown: Purple: Green: Yellow:
  • 18. Howd you do? Green: Esophagus Red: Stomach Pink: Small Intestine Brown: Large Intestine Purple: Liver Green: Gall Bladder Yellow: Pancreas Great Job!
  • 19. References and Links Your Digestive System and How It Works Digestive system diagram comes from this site The Real Deal on the Digestive System Pancreas: Introduction and Index Your Gross and Cool Body - Digestive System Laurentian Regional High School Data Base - you must know the Username and Password