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GLOBALIZATION

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Four Points by Sheraton
Four Points by Sheraton

The document discusses globalization and its effects at various levels. It defines globalization as the international integration arising from the interchange of views, products, ideas and culture. Advances in transportation and telecommunication have been major factors in increasing globalization. Globalization occurs at the world level through international relations between countries, at the country level through integration with the world, and at the industry and firm levels through technological advancement and international connections.

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SUBMITTEDTO:- SUBMITTED BY:- MRS NIRUPINDER KAUR SNEH LATA SINHA (13339)
The term Globalization refers to processes of international integration arising from the interchange of view point, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture.Advances in transportation and telecommunication, infrastructure, including the rise of the telegraph and its posterity the Internet, are major factors in globalization, generating further interdependence of economic and cultural activities.
More financial benefits To reduce the cost of production Shrinking of time and distance Growth potential of foreign markets Demand constraints in the domestic markets
Nationality of the companies Effects of liberalization Spin off benefits of globalization High tech industries
1. Exports 2. Licensing and franchising 3. Contract manufacturing 4. Management contracting 5. Fully owned manufacturing facilities 6. Assembly operations 7. Joint ventures 8. Mergers and acquisition 9. Strategic alliance 10. Counter trade
World Level Globalization There would be no globalization of the world if all the countries live in autarky. Globalization process begins with inter economic, social and political relations between countries. Country Level Globalization Globalization of a country is indicated by the extent to which it is integrated with rest of the world. There are various inter-linkages through which a large number of cross border transactions are generated.
Industry Level Globalization Within a country, a few specific industries might be operating at the global level. Such industries have a high degree of technological advancement . Firm Level Globalization These firms have high level of technological development, strong competitive advantages, international outsourcing connections.These firms find entry to foreign markets through exporting, joint ventures.
Industry Level Globalization Within a country, a few specific industries might be operating at the global level. Such industries have a high degree of technological advancement . Firm Level Globalization These firms have high level of technological development, strong competitive advantages, international outsourcing connections.These firms find entry to foreign markets through exporting, joint ventures.
External Commercial Borrowings ECBs are an important and emerging facilitating globalization of the corporate organizations as well as the economy as a whole.The main guiding principles of the policy towards ECB. a) To obtain the borrowings at lowest possible rates with least transaction cost. b) To keep long maturity periods so that the burden is spread over a number of years.
There has been gradual movement towards rupee convertibility. Rupee convertibility means to the convertibility of rupee in a foreign currency for certain permitted categories of external transactions. Rupee was made partially convertible on trade account with effect from the year 1993-94.
In order to increase the export- GDP ratio. These include a reduction in export credit rates, both pre-shipment and post-shipment, higher duty drawback rates on a large number of export items, abolition of value items.
Competitive Larger Markets Greater Specialization International Investment Inflow Technological Gains
GLOBALIZATION

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GLOBALIZATION

  • 1. SUBMITTEDTO:- SUBMITTED BY:- MRS NIRUPINDER KAUR SNEH LATA SINHA (13339)
  • 2. The term Globalization refers to processes of international integration arising from the interchange of view point, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture.Advances in transportation and telecommunication, infrastructure, including the rise of the telegraph and its posterity the Internet, are major factors in globalization, generating further interdependence of economic and cultural activities.
  • 3. More financial benefits To reduce the cost of production Shrinking of time and distance Growth potential of foreign markets Demand constraints in the domestic markets
  • 4. Nationality of the companies Effects of liberalization Spin off benefits of globalization High tech industries
  • 5. 1. Exports 2. Licensing and franchising 3. Contract manufacturing 4. Management contracting 5. Fully owned manufacturing facilities 6. Assembly operations 7. Joint ventures 8. Mergers and acquisition 9. Strategic alliance 10. Counter trade
  • 6. World Level Globalization There would be no globalization of the world if all the countries live in autarky. Globalization process begins with inter economic, social and political relations between countries. Country Level Globalization Globalization of a country is indicated by the extent to which it is integrated with rest of the world. There are various inter-linkages through which a large number of cross border transactions are generated.
  • 7. Industry Level Globalization Within a country, a few specific industries might be operating at the global level. Such industries have a high degree of technological advancement . Firm Level Globalization These firms have high level of technological development, strong competitive advantages, international outsourcing connections.These firms find entry to foreign markets through exporting, joint ventures.
  • 8. Industry Level Globalization Within a country, a few specific industries might be operating at the global level. Such industries have a high degree of technological advancement . Firm Level Globalization These firms have high level of technological development, strong competitive advantages, international outsourcing connections.These firms find entry to foreign markets through exporting, joint ventures.
  • 9. External Commercial Borrowings ECBs are an important and emerging facilitating globalization of the corporate organizations as well as the economy as a whole.The main guiding principles of the policy towards ECB. a) To obtain the borrowings at lowest possible rates with least transaction cost. b) To keep long maturity periods so that the burden is spread over a number of years.
  • 10. There has been gradual movement towards rupee convertibility. Rupee convertibility means to the convertibility of rupee in a foreign currency for certain permitted categories of external transactions. Rupee was made partially convertible on trade account with effect from the year 1993-94.
  • 11. In order to increase the export- GDP ratio. These include a reduction in export credit rates, both pre-shipment and post-shipment, higher duty drawback rates on a large number of export items, abolition of value items.