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GMO in Africa, an untapped Opportunity.pptx

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University of Petroleum and Energy studies
University of Petroleum and Energy studies

In this presentation we will look at the place of GMO in Africa, what are the Myths and facts and how Africa can benefit from this technology.

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GMO IN AFRICA, AN UNTAPPED OPPORTUNITY By Okechukwu Francis
Objectives of this study;  What is GMO?  History of GMO (Africa inview).  Pros and Cons of GMOs in Africa.  Clearing some Myths of GMO.  GMO global economic market.  Why is Africa behind?  Possible benefits of GMOs to Africa.  Standard Operations before GMO use in Africa.  Conclusion
What is GMO?  GMO which means genetically modified organism is simply when a plant, animal, or microorganism has its genetic material (DNA) changed using technology or have received a specific DNA from another organism to achieve an extra quality.
GMO application in Bio-fuel production.
History of GMOs  Scientists created the first genetically modified organism or GMO in 1973, and the FDA approved a GMO product for the first time in 1982. GMOs are crops that have undergone genetic alternation for a specific purpose, such as weather, pest or weed resistance. Such traits can produce larger quantities of crops and make them resilient in different climates.  In Africa, GMOs are beginning to become a part of modern agriculture, but as of now, only in small ways. As of 2019, just five of Africa’s 47 countries allowed GMO crops to be grown: South Africa, Burkina Faso, Sudan, Egypt and Nigeria. Larger GMO initiatives in Africa could help feed the continent, but resistance to GMOs is large enough that Africa is beginning to use them only slowly and cautiously.
GMO in Africa, an untapped Opportunity.pptx
GMO mechanism flowchart
Importance of GMOs in Africa  Pests called stem borers are responsible for a loss of 400,000 tons of maize in Kenya yearly, or about 14% of total maize. Genetically modified maize called Bt maize can make maize crops more resilient to stem borers.  As of 2020, Kenya is near accepting domestic production of Bt maize. The country is also seriously considering allowing GMO imports, which would aid the nearly 1.5 million Kenyans facing acute hunger. However, experts say that in order for Kenyans to benefit from GMO crops long term, they need to start growing them on their own soil.  Many African countries struggle with drought, crop diseases and pests that cause low crop yields. Some GMOs exist to help with these problems, and they could become a part of Africa’s agricultural future. For example, following in Nigeria’s footsteps, Ghana is considering approving the commercialization of some pest-resistant GMO crops including Bt cotton.
CONTRARY TO POPULAR BELIEVES  GMOs are safe. Every major scientific body in the world agrees that GMO foods are just as safe as non-GMO foods.  Each nation exercises sovereign control over GMOs; They decide which GMOs can be developed and released to farmers. Every country has its own regulatory agency overseeing GMOs and its own set of laws that govern their use hence regulation checkmate excessiveness.  Europe has not banned GMOs; Two countries in the European Union consistently grow insect-resistant GM maize. All the other EU countries import GMO livestock feed, as well as processed foods for people that contain GMO ingredients.  GMOs are natural; Bacteria have been engaged in genetic engineering for millennium. Humans got involved about 30 years ago, and our techniques continue to improve and evolve.
Only 3 African countries are benefiting so far from GMOs.  Exports In 2020, Burkina Faso exported $254M in Raw Cotton, making it the 7th largest exporter of Raw Cotton in the world. At the same year, Raw Cotton was the 2nd most exported product in Burkina Faso.  In 2017, South Africa commercially produced approximately 1.1 million hectares of GM varieties for direct human consumption. Overall, the study showed that adoption of GM white maize has contributed an average of 4.6 million additional annual rations with a high of 7.4 million in 2017 and a low of 29,215 in 2001.  Sudan, on the other hand, grew 192,000 hectares of pest- resistant biotech cotton in 2017, up from 120,600 hectares the previous year. That represents a 59 percent increase, with a 98 percent adoption rate among farmers. An estimated 90,000 Sudanese farmers grew Bt cotton on farms averaging 2.1 hectares in size.
Africa’s food crisis and how GMO have aided food security in Africa.
GMO in Africa, an untapped Opportunity.pptx
The global GMO Trade is projected to reach USD 30.24 billion by the end of 2026.
Why should GMOs be given a chance in Africa?  A growing body of evidence documents increased crop yields, higher farm income, and health and environment benefits associated with GM crops.  Of 15.4 million farmers that planted GM crops in 2010, over 90 percent (14.4 million) were resource-poor . GM crops are estimated to have benefited Burkina Faso’s economy by over US$100 million per year.  Similarly, in South Africa, the first and biggest producer of GM crops in Africa, GM technology is reported to have enhanced farm income by US$156 million in the period 1998 to 2006.
Conclusion  40% of the population living below the US$1.90 a day poverty line and Sub- Saharan Africa accounting for two- thirds of the global extreme poor population, sharing GMO technology would be a game changer for Africa if the West truly wants to support Africa.  We as a continent must radically shift from a consuming population to a producing population and GMO gives Africa a chance.
GMO in Africa, an untapped Opportunity.pptx

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GMO in Africa, an untapped Opportunity.pptx

  • 1. GMO IN AFRICA, AN UNTAPPED OPPORTUNITY By Okechukwu Francis
  • 2. Objectives of this study;  What is GMO?  History of GMO (Africa inview).  Pros and Cons of GMOs in Africa.  Clearing some Myths of GMO.  GMO global economic market.  Why is Africa behind?  Possible benefits of GMOs to Africa.  Standard Operations before GMO use in Africa.  Conclusion
  • 3. What is GMO?  GMO which means genetically modified organism is simply when a plant, animal, or microorganism has its genetic material (DNA) changed using technology or have received a specific DNA from another organism to achieve an extra quality.
  • 4. GMO application in Bio-fuel production.
  • 5. History of GMOs  Scientists created the first genetically modified organism or GMO in 1973, and the FDA approved a GMO product for the first time in 1982. GMOs are crops that have undergone genetic alternation for a specific purpose, such as weather, pest or weed resistance. Such traits can produce larger quantities of crops and make them resilient in different climates.  In Africa, GMOs are beginning to become a part of modern agriculture, but as of now, only in small ways. As of 2019, just five of Africa’s 47 countries allowed GMO crops to be grown: South Africa, Burkina Faso, Sudan, Egypt and Nigeria. Larger GMO initiatives in Africa could help feed the continent, but resistance to GMOs is large enough that Africa is beginning to use them only slowly and cautiously.
  • 8. Importance of GMOs in Africa  Pests called stem borers are responsible for a loss of 400,000 tons of maize in Kenya yearly, or about 14% of total maize. Genetically modified maize called Bt maize can make maize crops more resilient to stem borers.  As of 2020, Kenya is near accepting domestic production of Bt maize. The country is also seriously considering allowing GMO imports, which would aid the nearly 1.5 million Kenyans facing acute hunger. However, experts say that in order for Kenyans to benefit from GMO crops long term, they need to start growing them on their own soil.  Many African countries struggle with drought, crop diseases and pests that cause low crop yields. Some GMOs exist to help with these problems, and they could become a part of Africa’s agricultural future. For example, following in Nigeria’s footsteps, Ghana is considering approving the commercialization of some pest-resistant GMO crops including Bt cotton.
  • 9. CONTRARY TO POPULAR BELIEVES  GMOs are safe. Every major scientific body in the world agrees that GMO foods are just as safe as non-GMO foods.  Each nation exercises sovereign control over GMOs; They decide which GMOs can be developed and released to farmers. Every country has its own regulatory agency overseeing GMOs and its own set of laws that govern their use hence regulation checkmate excessiveness.  Europe has not banned GMOs; Two countries in the European Union consistently grow insect-resistant GM maize. All the other EU countries import GMO livestock feed, as well as processed foods for people that contain GMO ingredients.  GMOs are natural; Bacteria have been engaged in genetic engineering for millennium. Humans got involved about 30 years ago, and our techniques continue to improve and evolve.
  • 10. Only 3 African countries are benefiting so far from GMOs.  Exports In 2020, Burkina Faso exported $254M in Raw Cotton, making it the 7th largest exporter of Raw Cotton in the world. At the same year, Raw Cotton was the 2nd most exported product in Burkina Faso.  In 2017, South Africa commercially produced approximately 1.1 million hectares of GM varieties for direct human consumption. Overall, the study showed that adoption of GM white maize has contributed an average of 4.6 million additional annual rations with a high of 7.4 million in 2017 and a low of 29,215 in 2001.  Sudan, on the other hand, grew 192,000 hectares of pest- resistant biotech cotton in 2017, up from 120,600 hectares the previous year. That represents a 59 percent increase, with a 98 percent adoption rate among farmers. An estimated 90,000 Sudanese farmers grew Bt cotton on farms averaging 2.1 hectares in size.
  • 11. Africa’s food crisis and how GMO have aided food security in Africa.
  • 13. The global GMO Trade is projected to reach USD 30.24 billion by the end of 2026.
  • 14. Why should GMOs be given a chance in Africa?  A growing body of evidence documents increased crop yields, higher farm income, and health and environment benefits associated with GM crops.  Of 15.4 million farmers that planted GM crops in 2010, over 90 percent (14.4 million) were resource-poor . GM crops are estimated to have benefited Burkina Faso’s economy by over US$100 million per year.  Similarly, in South Africa, the first and biggest producer of GM crops in Africa, GM technology is reported to have enhanced farm income by US$156 million in the period 1998 to 2006.
  • 15. Conclusion  40% of the population living below the US$1.90 a day poverty line and Sub- Saharan Africa accounting for two- thirds of the global extreme poor population, sharing GMO technology would be a game changer for Africa if the West truly wants to support Africa.  We as a continent must radically shift from a consuming population to a producing population and GMO gives Africa a chance.