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Government and politics of great britain

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Felmar Agunos
Felmar Agunos

The document provides an overview of the government and politics of Great Britain. It discusses the United Kingdom's constitutional monarchy system and the roles of Parliament, the Prime Minister, and the House of Commons and House of Lords. Key events that shaped the rise of parliamentary power such as the Magna Carta and the English Civil War are also summarized.

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R E P O RT B Y F E L M A R A G U N O S GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS OF GREAT BRITAIN
The full and official name of Britain is The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Island. Great Britain refers to the whole island that includes Wales and Scotland as well as England GREAT BRITAIN
Government and politics of great britain
THE BRITISH FLAG UNION FLAG three saints representing different parts of United Kingdom. The larger red cross represents St. George of England White cross represents St. Andrew of Scotland and Diagonal cross represents St. Patrick of Ireland
WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR Replaced the entire Saxon ruling class with Norman Nobles Ordered a complete inventory of all lands and population (Domesday Book) Exchequer Kings treasury minister
MAGNA CARTA A charter of liberties to which English barons force King John to give his assent in June 1215 at Runnymede. The king was in a kind of balance with the nobles and that as long as they are balance, there would be no anarchy nor desposition.
Government and politics of great britain
THE RISE OF PARLIAMENT English kings also had French holding meant England fought wars in France. These wars were expensive. And the only way to raise revenue to pay for them was inviting nobles to participate , at least symbolically, in the affairs of the state. Parliament began as an extension of the Kings Court, but later on becoming so powerful that took on a life on its own.
Knights and Burghers Formed what we called LOWER HOUSE or the HOUSE OF COMMONS Those of noble ranks, along with the top churchmen formed what we call UPPERHOUSE or the HOUSE OF THE LORDS Lower house or House of Commons prevented the King to have much Power
HENRY VIII Parliament got a major boost during the Reign of Henry VIII when Henry declared a partnership with the Parliament regarding his struggle against Rome The impact of Henrys break from Rome was great. He breaks free from papal guidance and direction. Parliament became more important than ever, Henry needed its support for his momentous break from Rome. In 1543 Henry praised the Parliament as an Indispensable part of the government A year later the parliament beheaded one of his successors.
PARLIAMENT VERSUS KING Absolutism the Idea that the King or a Monarch should be the highest post in the land. Parliament, of course, didnt let the over-ruling take place. When the two had war, the Parliament won, and beheaded the King.
Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy with the Queen as the head of state. Britain is divided into four parts: England (London capital), Wales (Cardiff), Scotland (Edinburgh) and Northern Ireland (Belfast). Locally is Britain divided into counties. The capital of the whole Britain is London.
CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY A constitutional monarchy is a form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state within the parameters of a written, unwritten or blended constitution. It differs from absolute monarchy in that an absolute monarch serves as the sole source of political power in the state and is not legally bound by any constitution.
Most constitutional monarchies employ a parliamentary system in which the Monarch may have strictly Ceremonial duties or may have Reserve Powers, depending on the constitution, have a directly or indirectly elected prime minister who is the head of government and exercises effective political power.
ACCORDING TO THE UNCODIFIED CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM, THE MONARCH HAS THE FOLLOWING POWERS:
The power to appoint and dismiss the Prime Minister The power to appoint and dismiss other ministers. The power to summon, prorogue and dissolve Parliament The power to make war and peace The power to command the armed forces of the United Kingdom The power to issue passports The power to appoint bishops and archbishops of the Church of England The power to create peers (both life peers and hereditary peers).
The Government is formed by the party which has the majority in Parliament and the Queen appoints its leader as the Prime Minister The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the Head of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister and Cabinet (consisting of all the most senior ministers, who are government department heads) are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Parliament, to their political party and ultimately to the electorate.
THE PRIME MINISTER As the "Head of Her Majesty's Government", the modern Prime Minister is the highest political authority in the United Kingdom: he leads a major political party, generally commands a majority in the House of Commons (the lower house of the Legislature), and is the leader of the Cabinet (the Executive). As such, the incumbent wields both legislative and executive powers. In the House of Commons, the Prime Minister guides the law-making process with the goal of enacting the legislative agenda of the political party he leads.
In his executive capacity, the Prime Minister appoints (and may dismiss) all other cabinet members and ministers, and co-ordinates the policies and activities of all government departments, and the staff of the Civil Service. He or She acts as the public "face" and "voice" of Her Majesty's Government, both at home and abroad. Solely upon the advice of the Prime Minister, the Sovereign exercises many of her statutory and prerogative powers: they include the dissolution of Parliament; high judicial, political, official and Church of England ecclesiastical appointments; and the conferral of peerages, knighthoods, decorations and other honours.
THE PARLIAMENT The Constitution of the United Kingdom is unwritten, it is based on custom, tradition and common law. The supreme law-making body in the country is Parliament. Parliament consists of: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The Houses of Parliament are the centre of British government. They were built in last century. British parliamentary system is one of the oldest in the world, it developed slowly during 13th century after King Johns signature of Magna Carta in 1215.
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords (the upper house). Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members (since 2010 General Election), who are known as Members of Parliament (MPs). Members are elected through the first-past-the- post system by electoral districts known as constituencies. They hold their seats until Parliament is dissolved (a maximum of five years after the preceding election).
A House of Commons of England evolved at some point in England during the 14th century and, in practice, has been in continuous existence since, becoming the House of Commons of Great Britain after the political union with Scotland, and also, during the nineteenth century, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the political union with Ireland, finally reaching its current title after independence was given to the Republic of Ireland. The House of Commons was originally far less powerful than the House of Lords, but today its legislative powers greatly exceed those of the Lords.
THE HOUSE OF LORDS The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the United Kingdom's national legislature. Parliament comprises the Sovereign, the House of Commons (which is the lower house of Parliament and referred to as "the Commons"), and the Lords. The House of Lords, like the House of Commons, assembles in the Palace of Westminster.
The House of Lords as an Upper Chamber has the primary purpose of scrutinizing Legislation proposed by the Lower House through the form of debate and through proposing amendments to legislation. Bills are able to be introduced into either House for debate and reading but due to the need for the Lower House's consent Bills are almost always introduced in the House of Commons.
Peers of the House of Lords may also be in Cabinet but in recent years it is generally rare for high portfolio positions to be granted to members due to the appointment and Hereditary positions of those within the House. The Speech from the Throne is delivered from the House of Lords, a tradition still emulated in other Commonwealth Realms, as a reminder of the constitutional position of the Monarch. The House also has a minor Church of England role in that through the Lords Spiritual Church Measures must be tabled within the House.
Unlike the House of Commons, membership of the House of Lords is not attained by election from the population as a whole, but by inheritance, by appointment, or by virtue of their ecclesiastical role within the established church (Lords Spiritual). The Lords Spiritual are 26 senior bishops of the Church of England.

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Government and politics of great britain

  • 1. R E P O RT B Y F E L M A R A G U N O S GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS OF GREAT BRITAIN
  • 2. The full and official name of Britain is The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Island. Great Britain refers to the whole island that includes Wales and Scotland as well as England GREAT BRITAIN
  • 4. THE BRITISH FLAG UNION FLAG three saints representing different parts of United Kingdom. The larger red cross represents St. George of England White cross represents St. Andrew of Scotland and Diagonal cross represents St. Patrick of Ireland
  • 5. WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR Replaced the entire Saxon ruling class with Norman Nobles Ordered a complete inventory of all lands and population (Domesday Book) Exchequer Kings treasury minister
  • 6. MAGNA CARTA A charter of liberties to which English barons force King John to give his assent in June 1215 at Runnymede. The king was in a kind of balance with the nobles and that as long as they are balance, there would be no anarchy nor desposition.
  • 8. THE RISE OF PARLIAMENT English kings also had French holding meant England fought wars in France. These wars were expensive. And the only way to raise revenue to pay for them was inviting nobles to participate , at least symbolically, in the affairs of the state. Parliament began as an extension of the Kings Court, but later on becoming so powerful that took on a life on its own.
  • 9. Knights and Burghers Formed what we called LOWER HOUSE or the HOUSE OF COMMONS Those of noble ranks, along with the top churchmen formed what we call UPPERHOUSE or the HOUSE OF THE LORDS Lower house or House of Commons prevented the King to have much Power
  • 10. HENRY VIII Parliament got a major boost during the Reign of Henry VIII when Henry declared a partnership with the Parliament regarding his struggle against Rome The impact of Henrys break from Rome was great. He breaks free from papal guidance and direction. Parliament became more important than ever, Henry needed its support for his momentous break from Rome. In 1543 Henry praised the Parliament as an Indispensable part of the government A year later the parliament beheaded one of his successors.
  • 11. PARLIAMENT VERSUS KING Absolutism the Idea that the King or a Monarch should be the highest post in the land. Parliament, of course, didnt let the over-ruling take place. When the two had war, the Parliament won, and beheaded the King.
  • 12. Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy with the Queen as the head of state. Britain is divided into four parts: England (London capital), Wales (Cardiff), Scotland (Edinburgh) and Northern Ireland (Belfast). Locally is Britain divided into counties. The capital of the whole Britain is London.
  • 13. CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY A constitutional monarchy is a form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state within the parameters of a written, unwritten or blended constitution. It differs from absolute monarchy in that an absolute monarch serves as the sole source of political power in the state and is not legally bound by any constitution.
  • 14. Most constitutional monarchies employ a parliamentary system in which the Monarch may have strictly Ceremonial duties or may have Reserve Powers, depending on the constitution, have a directly or indirectly elected prime minister who is the head of government and exercises effective political power.
  • 15. ACCORDING TO THE UNCODIFIED CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM, THE MONARCH HAS THE FOLLOWING POWERS:
  • 16. The power to appoint and dismiss the Prime Minister The power to appoint and dismiss other ministers. The power to summon, prorogue and dissolve Parliament The power to make war and peace The power to command the armed forces of the United Kingdom The power to issue passports The power to appoint bishops and archbishops of the Church of England The power to create peers (both life peers and hereditary peers).
  • 17. The Government is formed by the party which has the majority in Parliament and the Queen appoints its leader as the Prime Minister The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the Head of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister and Cabinet (consisting of all the most senior ministers, who are government department heads) are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Parliament, to their political party and ultimately to the electorate.
  • 18. THE PRIME MINISTER As the "Head of Her Majesty's Government", the modern Prime Minister is the highest political authority in the United Kingdom: he leads a major political party, generally commands a majority in the House of Commons (the lower house of the Legislature), and is the leader of the Cabinet (the Executive). As such, the incumbent wields both legislative and executive powers. In the House of Commons, the Prime Minister guides the law-making process with the goal of enacting the legislative agenda of the political party he leads.
  • 19. In his executive capacity, the Prime Minister appoints (and may dismiss) all other cabinet members and ministers, and co-ordinates the policies and activities of all government departments, and the staff of the Civil Service. He or She acts as the public "face" and "voice" of Her Majesty's Government, both at home and abroad. Solely upon the advice of the Prime Minister, the Sovereign exercises many of her statutory and prerogative powers: they include the dissolution of Parliament; high judicial, political, official and Church of England ecclesiastical appointments; and the conferral of peerages, knighthoods, decorations and other honours.
  • 20. THE PARLIAMENT The Constitution of the United Kingdom is unwritten, it is based on custom, tradition and common law. The supreme law-making body in the country is Parliament. Parliament consists of: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The Houses of Parliament are the centre of British government. They were built in last century. British parliamentary system is one of the oldest in the world, it developed slowly during 13th century after King Johns signature of Magna Carta in 1215.
  • 21. THE HOUSE OF COMMONS The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords (the upper house). Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members (since 2010 General Election), who are known as Members of Parliament (MPs). Members are elected through the first-past-the- post system by electoral districts known as constituencies. They hold their seats until Parliament is dissolved (a maximum of five years after the preceding election).
  • 22. A House of Commons of England evolved at some point in England during the 14th century and, in practice, has been in continuous existence since, becoming the House of Commons of Great Britain after the political union with Scotland, and also, during the nineteenth century, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the political union with Ireland, finally reaching its current title after independence was given to the Republic of Ireland. The House of Commons was originally far less powerful than the House of Lords, but today its legislative powers greatly exceed those of the Lords.
  • 23. THE HOUSE OF LORDS The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the United Kingdom's national legislature. Parliament comprises the Sovereign, the House of Commons (which is the lower house of Parliament and referred to as "the Commons"), and the Lords. The House of Lords, like the House of Commons, assembles in the Palace of Westminster.
  • 24. The House of Lords as an Upper Chamber has the primary purpose of scrutinizing Legislation proposed by the Lower House through the form of debate and through proposing amendments to legislation. Bills are able to be introduced into either House for debate and reading but due to the need for the Lower House's consent Bills are almost always introduced in the House of Commons.
  • 25. Peers of the House of Lords may also be in Cabinet but in recent years it is generally rare for high portfolio positions to be granted to members due to the appointment and Hereditary positions of those within the House. The Speech from the Throne is delivered from the House of Lords, a tradition still emulated in other Commonwealth Realms, as a reminder of the constitutional position of the Monarch. The House also has a minor Church of England role in that through the Lords Spiritual Church Measures must be tabled within the House.
  • 26. Unlike the House of Commons, membership of the House of Lords is not attained by election from the population as a whole, but by inheritance, by appointment, or by virtue of their ecclesiastical role within the established church (Lords Spiritual). The Lords Spiritual are 26 senior bishops of the Church of England.