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GRADE 11 - VIRUSES.pptx

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Mahlodi Rapholo
Mahlodi Rapholo

This presentation discusses viruses and their classification. It covers viruses' basic structure, including their small size that requires microscopy to see. Viruses are described as both living and non-living, reproducing within host cells but otherwise dormant. Their structures include nucleic acids surrounded by protein coats. Common viral diseases like influenza, HIV/AIDS, and chickenpox are mentioned.

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LIFE SCIENCES: GRADE 11 BIODIVERSITY AND CLASSIFICATION OF MICRO-ORGANISMS: VIRUSES PRESENTATION BY: RAPHOLO MGN ​ 1 GRADE 11: VIRUSES
AREAS OF FOCUS GRADE 11: VIRUSES 2 GRADE 11 BIODIVERSITY AND CLASSIFICATION OF MICO- ORGANISMS VIRUSES • As non-living • As living • Basic structure • General characteristics • Diseases they cause
CONTENT GRADE 11: VIRUSES 3 INTRODUCTION VIRUSES AS LIVING VIRUSES AS NON-LIVING BASIC STRUCTURE OF VIRUS GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRUS DISEASES CAUSE BY VIRUSES REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION GRADE 11: VIRUSES 4 Viruses are acellular and parasitic organisms that may contain a DNA or RNA normally enclosed by a protective coat. (Umer, 2019) Viruses are microscopic. A microscopic organism is an organism that cannot be seen with the naked eye, only with the help of a microscope. Thus, viruses are classified as micro-organisms (Shylesh, 2019). Other micro-organisms are found in all five kingdoms, Bacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Viruses cannot be placed in any of the kingdoms and are therefore found in the sixth group (Umer, 2019)
VIRUSES AS NON-LIVING ( S H Y L E S H , 2 0 1 9 ) GRADE 11: VIRUSES 5 SURVIVAL They form crystals and survive in this form for a long time (years). RESPIRATION They do not respire REPRODUCTION They cannot reproduce unless they are within cells of a living organism STRUCTURE They do not have a cellular structure FUN FACT: The HIV virus that causes AIDS cannot crystalise for survival
VIRUSES AS LIVING ( S H Y L E S H , 2 0 1 9 ) GRADE 11: VIRUSES 6 REPRODUCTION They can reproduce when they are within the cells of a living organism GENETIC MATERIAL They contain DNA or RNA
BASIC STRUCTURE OF VIRUS ( L A L I T P U R V A L L E Y C O L L E G E , N O B E L C O L L E G E , 2 0 1 7 ; U M C V I C T O R I A H O S P I T A L , 2 0 2 0 ) . GRADE 11: VIRUSES 7 SIZE: • They are extremely small, smaller than bacteria • The smallest virus is 20nm in diameter • Can only be seen under an electron microscope • Largest virus can be seen using a powerful microscope STRUCTURE: • Most have regular symmetrical shapes, some spherical, rod- like, or spiral, and some have tails. • Consists of nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) covered by a protective protein coat • They are acellular as they do not have a nucleus, ribosomes or mitochondria
VIRUS SHAPES AND LABELLING 8 GRADE 11: VIRUSES
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS ( S H Y L E S H , 2 0 1 9 ) GRADE 11: VIRUSES 9 • Show living traits inside a living cell and non-living traits outside a living cell. • Parasites living in living organisms • Absolutely specific – a particular virus lives in a particular host • Pathogenic - can cause diseases in plants and animals • They reproduce by turning the host`s nucleic acids into virus nucleic acids when they reproduce.
DISEASES CAUSED BY VIRUSES (SANA, 2016 ) GRADE 11: VIRUSES 1 0 Viruses can be transmitted sexually (herpes, hepatitis B), through animal bites (rabies) and skin contact (warts). Other common viral diseases include HIV/AIDS, Influenza (flu), and chickenpox FUN FACT: Not all viruses harmful
1 1 GRADE 11: VIRUSES REFERENCES Lalitpur Valley College, Nobel College. (2017). Morphology of virus. Retrieved from ºÝºÝߣShare at /krish181958/morphology-of-virus Sana, S. (2016). Viral diseases of human prepared by Hasna. Retrieved from ºÝºÝߣShare at /sana1718/viral-diseases-of-human-prepared-by-hasna?from_search=2 Shylesh, M. (2019). Virus classification, life cycle of virus. Characteristics of virus. Retrieved from ºÝºÝߣShare at /shyleshmurthy/viruses-classification-life-cycle-of-viruses- characteristics-of-viruses UMC Victoria Hospital, (2020). Introduction to viruses. Retrieved from ºÝºÝߣShare at /nathanonealie/introduction-to-the-viruses?from_search=10 Umer, U. (2019). Virus life cycle. Retrieved from ºÝºÝߣShare at /uroojumer1/virus-life-cycle

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GRADE 11 - VIRUSES.pptx

  • 1. LIFE SCIENCES: GRADE 11 BIODIVERSITY AND CLASSIFICATION OF MICRO-ORGANISMS: VIRUSES PRESENTATION BY: RAPHOLO MGN ​ 1 GRADE 11: VIRUSES
  • 2. AREAS OF FOCUS GRADE 11: VIRUSES 2 GRADE 11 BIODIVERSITY AND CLASSIFICATION OF MICO- ORGANISMS VIRUSES • As non-living • As living • Basic structure • General characteristics • Diseases they cause
  • 3. CONTENT GRADE 11: VIRUSES 3 INTRODUCTION VIRUSES AS LIVING VIRUSES AS NON-LIVING BASIC STRUCTURE OF VIRUS GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRUS DISEASES CAUSE BY VIRUSES REFERENCES
  • 4. INTRODUCTION GRADE 11: VIRUSES 4 Viruses are acellular and parasitic organisms that may contain a DNA or RNA normally enclosed by a protective coat. (Umer, 2019) Viruses are microscopic. A microscopic organism is an organism that cannot be seen with the naked eye, only with the help of a microscope. Thus, viruses are classified as micro-organisms (Shylesh, 2019). Other micro-organisms are found in all five kingdoms, Bacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Viruses cannot be placed in any of the kingdoms and are therefore found in the sixth group (Umer, 2019)
  • 5. VIRUSES AS NON-LIVING ( S H Y L E S H , 2 0 1 9 ) GRADE 11: VIRUSES 5 SURVIVAL They form crystals and survive in this form for a long time (years). RESPIRATION They do not respire REPRODUCTION They cannot reproduce unless they are within cells of a living organism STRUCTURE They do not have a cellular structure FUN FACT: The HIV virus that causes AIDS cannot crystalise for survival
  • 6. VIRUSES AS LIVING ( S H Y L E S H , 2 0 1 9 ) GRADE 11: VIRUSES 6 REPRODUCTION They can reproduce when they are within the cells of a living organism GENETIC MATERIAL They contain DNA or RNA
  • 7. BASIC STRUCTURE OF VIRUS ( L A L I T P U R V A L L E Y C O L L E G E , N O B E L C O L L E G E , 2 0 1 7 ; U M C V I C T O R I A H O S P I T A L , 2 0 2 0 ) . GRADE 11: VIRUSES 7 SIZE: • They are extremely small, smaller than bacteria • The smallest virus is 20nm in diameter • Can only be seen under an electron microscope • Largest virus can be seen using a powerful microscope STRUCTURE: • Most have regular symmetrical shapes, some spherical, rod- like, or spiral, and some have tails. • Consists of nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) covered by a protective protein coat • They are acellular as they do not have a nucleus, ribosomes or mitochondria
  • 9. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS ( S H Y L E S H , 2 0 1 9 ) GRADE 11: VIRUSES 9 • Show living traits inside a living cell and non-living traits outside a living cell. • Parasites living in living organisms • Absolutely specific – a particular virus lives in a particular host • Pathogenic - can cause diseases in plants and animals • They reproduce by turning the host`s nucleic acids into virus nucleic acids when they reproduce.
  • 10. DISEASES CAUSED BY VIRUSES (SANA, 2016 ) GRADE 11: VIRUSES 1 0 Viruses can be transmitted sexually (herpes, hepatitis B), through animal bites (rabies) and skin contact (warts). Other common viral diseases include HIV/AIDS, Influenza (flu), and chickenpox FUN FACT: Not all viruses harmful
  • 11. 1 1 GRADE 11: VIRUSES REFERENCES Lalitpur Valley College, Nobel College. (2017). Morphology of virus. Retrieved from ºÝºÝߣShare at /krish181958/morphology-of-virus Sana, S. (2016). Viral diseases of human prepared by Hasna. Retrieved from ºÝºÝߣShare at /sana1718/viral-diseases-of-human-prepared-by-hasna?from_search=2 Shylesh, M. (2019). Virus classification, life cycle of virus. Characteristics of virus. Retrieved from ºÝºÝߣShare at /shyleshmurthy/viruses-classification-life-cycle-of-viruses- characteristics-of-viruses UMC Victoria Hospital, (2020). Introduction to viruses. Retrieved from ºÝºÝߣShare at /nathanonealie/introduction-to-the-viruses?from_search=10 Umer, U. (2019). Virus life cycle. Retrieved from ºÝºÝߣShare at /uroojumer1/virus-life-cycle