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擯惘悋 惘惠悧
GRAPH THEORY
惆惆悋悧惘悋:
愕惆悋悋惠悋惡擧
(惆擧惠惘悋惆悋愆悴悽悋惡惘悋惠 惡惘  惠悽惶惶)
( 悴愕愆惘悋忰惆 悋愕悋 悋惆慍悛 惆悋愆擯悋)
悋悋惘 悋愕惠悋惆:
悋惆惶惘惘悋惆惆擧惠惘
拆悋慍1396
惘 悋 惡
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1
悋 愕惘惶
奄悋惘擯 悋悋  惘惠惺悋
奄惆悋惘 悴惠 悋惘擯
奄悽惠惘惆
奄愕愀忰 悋惘擯
奄悋惘擯悛慍 擧惘
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2
悋惘擯惠惺惘(1)
奄擧悋惘擯G惠惘惺惡悋悋愕惠悋慍悴慍( V(G),E(G) ):
V(G):悴惺悧愕惘悋惘擯G
E(G):悴惺悋悋悋惘擯G
V(G)= 1,2,3,4,5,6
E(G)= 1 2,1 5,1 6,2 5,2 3,3 5,5 6,4 5
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3
悋惘擯惠惺惘(2)-愕悋惆 悋惘擯
奄悋擯惘悋惘擯G悋惘惆悋悋惆擯悋愀惡悋愆惆擯悋惘擯愕悋惆悋愕惠.
悋惆擯悋:悋擯惘惆悋悋慍惡惆悋愕惘悋惘擯悴惆惆悋愆惠惡悋愆惆
悋惆悋悋惆擯悋惡悧愕惘ab
愀:悋擯惘擧悋悋慍擧悋愕惘惡悽惆愆惡悋愆惆擧愀惠愆擧愆惆
悋惆愀悋愕惘c
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4
悋惘擯惠惺惘(3)-惠悋 悋惘擯
奄悋擯惘惘惆悴惺悧愕惘(V(G))悴惺悋悋(E(G))惠悋惡悋愆惆
悋惘擯G擧悋惘擯惠悋悋愕惠.惆惘愃惘悋惠惘惶悋惠悋悋愕惠.
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5
悋惘擯惠惺惘(4)-愆惆擯悵悋惘 惡惘愕惡 悋惘擯
奄悋擯惘n悋愕惘悋惘擯悋惘惡悋惡惘愕惡悋4,3,2,1...惡惘愕惡惡惆(
悋擯悵悋惘擧)悛擯悋悋惘擯惡惘愕惡惆悋惘愆惆.
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6
悋惘擯惠惺惘(5)悋惘擯慍悋惆悋 惘惠惡
奄惘惠惡悋惘擯=惠惺惆悋惆悧愕惘悋惘擯G=(V,E)=n
奄慍悋惆悋悋惘擯=惠惺惆悋惆悋悋悋惘擯G=(V,E)=m
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7
n = 7
m = 9
悋惘擯惠惺惘(6)悋惘擯悧愕惘悴惘惆
奄惠惺惆悋惆悋悋惠惶惡悋愕惘V悋惘悴惘惆悋愕惘V擯惆.
悋擯惘悋愕惘悋惘惆悋愀惡悋愆惆惆惘忰悋愕惡悴惘惆悛悋愕惘惘愀惆悋
惴惘惘惆擯惘惠愆惆
悋愕惘惡悋悴惘惆惶惘悋惘悋愕惘惠悋擯惆
悋愕惘惡悋悴惘惆擧悋惘惡惘擯擯惆
擧擧惠惘擯惠惘惘惡慍悴惘惆悧愕惘悋惘擯G悋惘惡惠惘惠惡惡悋 財()
愆悋惆.
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8
悋惘擯惠惺惘(7)悋惘擯K惠惴
奄悋擯惘悴惘惆惠悋悧愕惘擧悋惘擯K惡悋愆惆悛擯悋悋惘擯K惠惴悋惆愆惆.
悋惘擯3-惠惴
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9
悋惘擯惠惺惘(8)擧悋 悋惘擯 
奄擧悋惘擯愕悋惆惡悋n悋愕惘擧悴惘惆惘悋愕惘n-1惡悋愆惆悋惘悋惘擯擧悋擯.
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10
悋惘擯惠惺惘(9)悋惘擯 惺 惠惘悴悋 悋惠惘愕
奄悋惠惘愕惠惘悴悋A(G)悋惘擯G惡悋n悋愕惘 悋惠惘愕悋愕惠
擧惆惘悛悋惘惆悋惡惘惘惡惠惺惆悋惆悋悋惡惆悋愕惘12
悋愕惠.
奄悋惘擯G惡悋n悋愕惘m悋悋惘惆悋悋惠惘愕惺M(G)
悋愕惠悋惘惆惆惘惠惘惶擧悋愕惠擧悋愕惘i惡惘惘悋
j悋惺愆惆惡悋愆惆.悵悋悋悋惠惘愕n愕愀惘m愕惠惆惘惆悋.
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11
悋惘擯惠惺惘(10)擧惘悽惠 悋惘擯惆
奄悋擯惘惆悋惘擯G(V1,E1)H(V2,E2)擧惘悽惠惡悋愆惆悛擯悋:
:      uv          ()
  = 
  = 
  = 
  = 
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12
悋惘擯惠惺惘(11)擧惘悽惠 悋惘擯惆
奄惓悋:
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13
 0 = 
 1 = 
 4 = 
 7 = 
 2 = 
 3 = 
 5 = 
 6 = 
  1
悋惘擯惠惺惘(12)悋惘擯擧 悽惠惘悽惆
奄擧悽惠惘悽惆悋慍悋惘擯G悴悋擯愆惠悋慍悴惺悧愕惘G悋愕惠擧擧擧惘悽惠
悋慍G惡G悋悴悋惆擧惆.
悋惘擯擧愀擧悽惠惘悽惆惆惘惆悋悋惘悋擯惆.
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14
  = 
  = 
  = 
  = 
  = 
  = 
  = 
  =    = 
  = 
  = 
  = 
  = 
  = 
  =
悋惘擯惠惺惘(13)悋惘擯 擧悽惠惘悽惆
奄惓悋
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15
  = 
  = 
  = 
  = 
  = 
  = 
  = 
  = 
  = 
  =
悋惘擯惠惺惘(14)惠惘悴悋 悋惠惘愕 惡悋 擧惘悽惠 惠愆悽惶
奄悋擯惘A(G)悋惠惘愕惠惘悴悋悋惘擯GA(H)悋惠惘愕惠惘悴悋悋惘擯H惡悋愆惆
忰悋悋擯惘惡悋悋惺悋悴悋擯愆惠惡惘惘愕愀惘悋愕惠悋悋惠惘愕A(G)惡悋惠惘愕
A(H)惡惘愕悛擯悋惆悋惘擯GH擧惘悽惠愕惠惆.
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16
悋惘擯惠惺惘(15)悋惘擯惆 擧惘悽惠慍悋 悋愀惘愆
奄擧愕悋惡悴惘惆悧愕惘
奄惘慍悋惘擯悋擧愕悋
奄惠惺惆悋惆悋惘惆擧愕悋惡愀愆悽惶
奄惠惺惆悋惆悋愕惘悋擧愕悋惆惡惆愃惘惘悴悋
奄惆悋惘擯惡悋惆愕愀忰惡悋愆惆
奄悋擯惘悋惘擯惆 惡悽愆惡悋愆惆擧惘悽惠愕惠惆.
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17
悋惘擯惠惺惘(16)悋惘擯惆 擧惘悽惠慍悋 悋愀惘愆
奄惓悋
悋惘擯G惆 惡悽愆愕惠悋惘擯H惆 惡悽愆悋愕惠.
悋惘擯G擧悋惘擯愕愀忰悋愕惠(惆悋擧惆擯惘悋惘愀擧惘惆悋惆)
悋惘擯H愕愀忰愕惠.
惆惘悋惘擯G惘惆惡愀5惠悋惆悋愆惠惡悋愆悋悋惆惘悋惘擯H惘惆惡愀
忰惆悋擧惓惘4惠悋惆悋愆惠惡悋愆.
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18
悋惘擯惠惺惘(17)擧 悋惘擯
奄惘惷擧惆G=(V,E)擧悋惘擯愕悋惆惡悋愆惆.擧G擧惡悋悋惆財愆悋惆悋惆
愆惆悋惘擯愕悋惆悋愕惠擧悴惺悧愕惘悛V悋愕惠惆悋愕惘vu惆惘
惠惘惶惡悋愕惠惆惘悴悋悋擯惘惠悋悋擯惘vu惆惘G惡悋惘悴悋惡悋愆惆.
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19
悋惘擯惠惺惘(18)擧 悋惘擯
奄悋惘惡惠愆悽惶擧惘悽惠惆
悋惘擯悋擯惘惆惘擧悛悋
擧惘悽惠悴惆惆悋愆惠悛惆
悋惘擯慍擧惘悽惠悽悋惆
惡惆.
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20
悋惘擯惠惺惘(19)擧悽惆 悋惘擯
奄悋惘擯G=(V,E)悽惆擧悋愕惠悋擯惘財財擧惘悽惠惡悋愆惆.
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21
  = 
  = 
  = 
  =
悋惘擯惠惺惘(20)悋惘擯 悴悋惠惘惆惆惡悋
奄惆惡悋愃惘惶惺惆d=(1,2, ,  )悋慍悴惘惆悧愕惘擧悋惘擯愆悋
悋惺惆悋惆惶忰忰悋悋惘惆惡悋悴悋惠惘惆悋惘擯擯.
惆惡悋愃惘惶惺惆
惠惺惆悋惆悴悋惠惘惆惘惆惆惘悋惆惡悋惡悋惆擧惺惆惆悴慍惡悋愆惆.
擯惠惘惘惡慍惺惷惆惡悋(愆悋n惺惆惆)惠悋惆n-1惡悋愆惆.
惆惘擧悋惘擯忰惆悋惆悋愕惘惡悋悴惘惆擧愕悋悴惆惆惘惆悋.
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22
 = (3,3,2,2,1,1)
悋惘擯惠惺惘(21)悋惘擯 悴悋惠惘惆惆惡悋
奄惓悋
 = (5,5,5,3,2,2,1,1)
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23
悋惘擯惠惺惘(22)悋惘擯 悴悋惠惘惆惆惡悋
奄惠惘悋擯悋忰擧(Havel  Hakimi)
奄惆惡悋愃惘惶惺惆d=(1,2, ,  )悋慍悋惺惆悋惆惶忰忰悋悋擧惘擯
悋愕惠悋擯惘惠悋悋擯惘惆惡悋
=(2  1,3  1, ,  1+1  1,  1+1, ,  )
悋擧惘擯惡悋愆惆.
奄惓悋:惆惡悋5 4 3 2 1 1惠悋惆擧惆惡悋悋擧惘擯惡悋愆惆.
5 4 3 2 1 1
 3 2 1 0 0
  1 0  
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24
悋惘擯惠惺惘(23) 惡悽愆惆 悋惘擯
奄悋惘擯G=(V,E)惆 惡悽愆悋愕惠悋擯惘悴惺悧愕惘悛悋惘惡惠悋惡惆悴惺
V1V2悋悋慍惘悋擧惘惆擧惘悋惆惘悴惺E擧悋愕愆惘惆惘V1悋愕惘
惆擯惘愆惆惘悴惺V2惡悋愆惆.
奄悋擯惘惘悋愕惘悋慍悴惺V1惡悋惠悋悧愕惘悴惺V2惘悴悋惡悋愆惆悛擯悋悋惘擯
G惆 惡悽愆擧悋悋愕惠.
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25
悋惘擯惠惺惘(24) 惡悽愆惆 悋惘擯
奄惘悋惘擯惆 惡悽愆2-擯惘拆悵惘悋愕惠.
奄惠悋悧愕惘悋惘擯悋惘惡悋惆擯惘惘愀擯惘悛慍擧擧惆悋愕惘惘悴悋惘擯
惡悋愆惆.
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26
悋惘擯惠惺惘(25)悽悋惶 悋 悋惘擯
1)悋惘擯愕擧( )
奄惠惺惆悋惆悋悋=n
奄惠惺惆悋惆悧愕惘=n
艶 惆惘惠惘惶惆 惡悽愆悋愕惠擧惠惺惆悋惆悧愕惘悋惘擯悴慍惡悋愆惆.
 = 2
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27
悋惘擯惠惺惘(26)悽悋惶 悋 悋惘擯
2)悋惘擯惘悽()
奄惠惺惆悋惆悋悋= +  = 2
奄惠惺惆悋惆悧愕惘= + 1

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28
悋惘擯惠惺惘(27)悽悋惶 悋 悋惘擯
3)悋惘擯 (n-cube)(擧惺惡n)
奄惠惺惆悋惆悧愕惘=2 
奄悋惘擯 擧悋惘擯n惠惴悋愕惠(悴惘惆惘悋愕惘悋惡惘惘惡n)
奄惠惺惆悋惆悋悋=
2 
2
= 2 1
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29
悋惘擯惠惺惘(28)悽悋惶 悋 悋惘擯
4)悋惘擯愕惘
奄悋惘擯悋愕惠擧惆悋愕惘悋惡惠惆悋悋惠悋悋慍悴惘惆1惡惆愕悋惘悧愕惘愕愀悴惘惆2
惆惘惆悋.
奄惠惺惆悋惆悋悋=  1
奄惠惺惆悋惆悧愕惘=
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30
悋惘擯惠惺惘(29)悋惘擯惘慍
奄惘慍擯惘悋:悋惘擯H悋惘惘慍悋惘擯G悋惘擯悋
奄悋擯惘V(H)=V(G)惡悋愆惆悛擯悋惘慍擯惘悋惘悋擯惘悋愕惠.
奄惘慍擯惘悋悋悋悧 悋愕惘:惘惷擧惆G=(V,E)S惘慍悴惺愃惘惠悋慍
V(G)惡悋愆惆悛擯悋悋惘惘擯慍H=G[S]=(S,E)悋慍G悋惘惘慍悋惘擯悋悋 悋愕惘
擯惆擧惆惘悛E惠悋悋悋悋慍G擧惘惆悋愕惘悛悋惆惘悴惺S悋愕惠.
奄惘慍擯惘悋悋悋悧悋:惘惷擧惆E惘慍悴惺E(G)V惘慍悴惺
V(G)惡悋愆惆惡擧惘愀V愆悋悋愕惘悋惆愕惘悋悋惆惘E惡悋愆惆.惆惘
悋惠惘惶悋惘擯H=(V,E)悋惘惘慍悋惘擯悋悋悧悋擯惆.
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31
悋惘擯惠惺惘(30)悋惘擯惆惘 擯愆惠
奄擧擯愆惠惆惘悋惘擯G惆惡悋悋悋慍悋愕惘悋悋惆
0 1 1 2 1    惡悋愆惆.惡擧惘愀pp悋愕悋惘悋
惡悋愆惆.
奄惠惺惆悋惆悋悋悋擯愆惠悋惘愀擯愆惠擯.
奄悋擯惘悋惡惠惆悋悋惠悋悋擯愆惠悋愕惘擧愕悋惡悋愆惆悛擯悋擯愆惠惡愕惠惆惘愃惘悋
惠惘惶擯愆惠惡悋慍悋愕惠.
奄惆惘惠惘惶擧惆惘擧擯愆惠惠悋悋悋惠悋慍惡悋愆惆悋惘悛擯悵惘擯惆惘惠惘惶
擧悋愕惘悋惆惘擧擯愆惠惠悋慍惡悋愆惆悋惘悛愕惘擯.
奄惘愕惘擧擯悵惘悋愕惠.
奄惘愕惘惡愕惠擧惘惆悋愕惠.
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32
悋惘擯惠惺惘(31)悋惘擯惆惘 擯愆惠
奄惓悋
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33
擯愆惠
1 2 5 4 3 2 1 7
擯悵惘
1 2 5 4 3 2 6
愕惘
1 2 6 5 8
惘惆
2 5 6 7 1 2
悋惘擯惠惺惘(32)惠惶 悋愕惘惆(惆愕惠惘愕 悋惡)
奄惆悋愕惘uv悋惘惠惶擯惆悋擯惘惡悛悋擧愕惘(擯愆惠)悴惆惆悋愆惠惡悋愆惆.
奄悋惘擯G惡惆悋愕惠悋擯惘惘惆悋愕惘惆惘悋惘擯惠惶惡悋愆惆.
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34
悋惘擯惠惺惘(33)悋惘擯惆 悋悴惠悋惺
奄悋惘擯G=(V,E)擧惆惘悛 = 1  2 = 1  2悋惘悋悴惠悋惺惆
悋惘擯G1G2擯惆.惡悋1  2愆悋惆惆.
奄悋擯惘悴惺悧愕惘G1G2悋慍悴惡悋愆惆悛擯悋悋悴惠悋悛惆悋惘惡惠惘惶
G1+G2愆悋惆惆.
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35
悋惘擯惠惺惘(34)悋惘擯惆 拆惆
奄拆惆惆悋惘擯G1G2悋惘擯悋愕惠擧惆惘悛惘悋愕惘惆惘G1惡惘悋愕惘惆惘
G2惠惶愆惆悋愕惠.悛悋惘惡悋1V 2愆悋惆惆.(惠惘擧惡惶)
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36
悋惘擯惆悋惘 悴惠(1)惠惺惘
奄擧悋惘擯悴惠惆悋惘D惠愕惠惘惺惡悋悋慍悴慍(V(D),A(D))擧惆惘悛
悴惺V(D)悴惺悧愕惘悋惘擯悋愕惠
悴惺A(D)悋悋悴惠惆悋惘悋惘擯悋愕惠.
奄悴惘惆悴悽惘( 
+
()):悋惘惡惘悋愕惘v悋慍悋惘擯悴惠惆悋惘D悴惘惆悴悽惘悋惡惘惘惡
悋愕惠惡悋惠惺惆悋惆悋悋擧悋愕惘v悋惡惠惆悋悛悋悋惘惘惆惘惆悋.
奄悴惘惆惆惘( 

()):悋惘惡惘悋愕惘v悋慍悋惘擯悴惠惆悋惘D悴惘惆惆惘悋惡惘惘惡
悋愕惠惡悋惠惺惆悋惆悋悋擧悋愕惘v悋惠悋悛悋悋惘惘惆惘惆悋.
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37
悋惘擯惆悋惘 悴惠(2)惠惺惘
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38
 
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  = 
 

  =
悋惘擯惆悋惘 悴惠(3)惺 惠惘悴悋 悋惠惘愕
奄悋惠惘愕惠惘悴悋A(D):悋擯惘D擧悋惘擯悴惠惆悋惘悋惆愀惡悋愆惆惆惘悋
惠惘惶悋惠惘愕惠惘悴悋D擧悋惠惘愕n*n悋愕惠擧愕愀惘悋愕惠悋悛惡悋
悋愕惘悋悋擯悵悋惘愆惆悋惘惆ij悋惡惘惘惡悋愕惠惡悋惠惺惆悋惆擧悋悋悋慍悋愕惘p惡悋愕惘
p悋愕惠.
奄 悋惠惘愕惺M(D):悋擯惘D擧悋惘擯悴惠惆悋惘惡悋愆惆悋惠惘愕惺D擧
悋惠惘愕n*m悋愕惠擧悋擯惘愕愀惘悋惡悋悋愕惘悋愕惠悋惡悋擧悋悋悋擯悵悋惘
愆惆悋惘惆ij悋惡惘惘惡擧悋愕惠悋擯惘悋愕惘p悋惡惠惆悋擧悋惡悋愆惆悋惘惆ij悋惡惘惘惡-
1悋愕惠悋擯惘悋愕惘p悋惠悋擧悋惡悋愆惆惆惘愃惘惠惘悋惶悋惘惆ij悋惡惘惘惡惶惘
悽悋惆惡惆.
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39
悋惘擯惆悋惘 悴惠(4)惺 惠惘悴悋 悋惠惘愕
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悽惠惘惆(1)惠惺惘
奄悋惘擯T=(V,E)悋惘悽惠惘惆擯惘擯悋惡惆悴惠惡惆愀惡惆惡惆
惘惆惡悋愆惆.
奄惆惘惘悽惠惘惆擧愕惘擧惠悋惡惘惆悋愕惘惠悋慍悴惆惆惘惆悋.
艶 =  + 1
奄惘悽惠惘惆T=(V,E)惡悋 > 1忰惆悋惆悋愕惘悋慍悛惆惘惆悋.
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41
悽惠惘惆(2)惆悋惘慍 悋惘擯
奄悋擯惘惆惘悋惘擯惡惆惡惆愀G惡惘悋擧惺惆惆忰愕惡惠惆
悋惘擯惆悋惘慍擯惠愆惆惡惺惆惆愕惡惠惆悋惆愆惆慍悛悋擯惆.
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42
悽惠惘惆(3)擧 悋擯惘惘悽惠惘惆
奄惆惘擧悋惘擯惆悋惘慍G悽惠惘惆擧愆悋惠悋悧愕惘悋惘擯惡悋愆惆悴惺慍悋悋
悋慍愕悋惘悽惠惘惆悋惆擯惘擧惠惘惡悋愆惆悋惘悽惠惘惆悋擯惘惘擧擯惆.
奄惆惠惘悋擯悋惘惡悋惠悽惠惘惆悋擯惘惘擧悴惆惆惘惆悋
惠惘悋擯悋愕擧悋惘擧
惠惘悋擯拆惘

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43
悽惠惘惆(4)悋擯惘惘悽惠惘惆擧-悋愕擧悋惘擧惠惘悋擯
奄悋惘擯擧n悋愕惘惆惘惆悋悽惠惘惆惆惘惴惘惡悋惆n-1悋惆悋愆惠惡悋愆惆.
惘忰1. = 1悋惡悋擧擧惠惘慍悋惘悋惠悽悋惡擧.
惘忰2.悋惘惡1      2悋擯惘悋悋123...惡悋悋惠悽悋惡
愆惆悋惆悋+1悋惘悋慍悋悋悋惡悋悋惆惡惠惘惶惘慍悋惠悽悋惡擧.
慍悋+1悋慍惡悋悋惡悋悋惆擧惠惘惡悋愆惆
悋惘惘擯慍惠愆擧惆惆惠愕愀悋悋123...+1
惠愆擧惘惆惆惆.
惘忰3.   + 1
惘忰4.悋擯惘 =   1惘慍悋惘擯悋悴悋惆愆惆擧悽惠惘惆悋擯惘惘擧悋慍悋惘擯
惆悋惘慍G悋愕惠惆惘愃惘悋惠惘惶惡惘忰2惡惘.
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44
悽惠惘惆(5)擧 悋擯惘惘悽惠惘惆-悋愕擧悋惘擧惠惘悋擯
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悽惠惘惆(6)擧 悋擯惘惘悽惠惘惆-悋愕擧悋惘擧惠惘悋擯
奄悽惠惘惆悋擯惘惘擧惡悋惠惘悋擯悋愕擧悋惘擧擧悽惠惘惆擧惠悋悽悋惆惡惆惠悋惆惘
悽惠惘惆惆擯惘慍愀惡悋惠惘悋擯慍悋惠悽悋惡愆惆.
奄悽惠惘惆惡惆愕惠悛惆惡悋惠惘悋擯悋愕擧悋惘擧惆惘忰惠愆擧悛悋惡惆惆惘惆悋惆惘
惠惘惶擧惆惘惠惘悋擯拆惘悋慍悋惡惠惆悋惠愆擧悋悽惠惘惆惡惆悛惺悋惘惠擯惘惆惆.
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46
悽惠惘惆(7)擧 悋擯惘惘悽惠惘惆拆惘惠惘悋擯
惘忰1:  1擧悋愕惘惆悽悋1  悋惘惆惘悴惺P悋惘惘惆.
 =   1 ,  = 
惘忰2:惡悋慍悋1      1擧惆惘悛 = 惘惷擧
 = 1, 2,  , p
T = 1, 2,  , 1
 =   
擧惠悋惠惘悋惆惘G悋惘擧悋惶 悋愕惘悋惆x惆惘P 悋愕惘悋惆y惆惘N悋愕惠悋惘惡
T悋惷悋擧愕拆愕y悋惆惘惘P惘擯悵悋悋惘悛悋慍N忰悵擧.
惘忰3:   + 1.悋擯惘 = 悛擯悋惘慍悋惘擯惡惆愕惠悛惆悽惠惘惆悋擯惘惘擧
悋惘惡G惡悋愆惆惆惘惠惘悋惶惘愃惡惘忰2惘.
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47
悽惠惘惆(8)擧 悋擯惘惘悽惠惘惆拆惘惠惘悋擯
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48
 = 
 = , , , , , , , , 
 = , 
 = , , , , , , , 
 = , , 
 = , , , , , ,
悽惠惘惆(9)擧 悋擯惘惘悽惠惘惆拆惘惠惘悋擯
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 = , , , 
 = , , , , , 
 = , , , , 
 = , , , ,
悽惠惘惆(10)擧 悋擯惘惘 悽惠惘惆拆惘惠惘悋擯
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50
 = , , , , , 
 = , , ,
悽惠惘惆(11)悋愕惘惆惡 愕惘擧惠悋惠惘
奄惠惘悋擯悋惘惆擧愕惠(悋惘惆悋悴愕惠-Dijkstra's)
惘忰1:惆惘愆悋  1惘惷擧0 = 00悋惘惡悋(0,)惘
 0悋惘惡悋(,)惺悋惠惆.
悋擯惘n=1惆惘惠惘悋惶 = 0惠惘悋擯惠悋悋愕惠.
悋擯惘 > 1惡惘忰2惘.
惘忰2:悋惘惡惘v惆惘惠惘惶悋擧悋惡悴悋愆悋悴惆悋惘惡v愆悋悴惆惆
(  ,)悋惘悋惘惘惆.擧惆惘悛:
  = min
≒
{  ,   + ゐ ,  }
y 悋愕惘惠惺惡悋愕惠擧L(v)悋惘惆惆
+1 =   {}
惘忰3:惆惘惠擧惘惶 =   1惠擧惆.惆惘愃惘惠惘悋惶 =  + 1
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51
悽惠惘惆(12)悋愕惘惆惡 愕惘擧惠悋惠惘
奄擧惠悋惠惘愕惘擧悋愕惘a悋惘惡悧愕惘ifc惶擧惆悋惘惡悋惡惆.
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52
悽惠惘惆(13)悋愕惘惆惡 愕惘擧惠悋惠惘
i=0悋愕惠 悧愕惘擧悋慍悋愕惘a惡惆悋愕愀悋惆惘惆愕惠惘愕愕惠惆悋惘
愆悽惶擧.
L(b)=14 L(g)=10 L(h)=17 L(c)=L(f)=L(i)=
惡惘擧惆悋悋慍悋悧愕惘擧惡惘愕惡惆
b:(14,a) g:(10,a) h:(17,a)
悋愕惘g擧惠惘慍悋惘惆惘惆悋悋愕惘g悋惘悋惠悽悋惡擧.
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53
0 = 
 = 0
 = 0
  0, 
, , , , ,   (, )
0 = {, , , , ,  }
悽惠惘惆(14)悋愕惘惆惡 愕惘擧惠悋惠惘
L(b)=min{14,10+3}=13 : (13,g)
L(h)=min{17,10+6}=16 : (16,g)
L(i)=min{,10+4}=14 : (14,g)
L(c)=L(f)=
悋愕惘b擧惠惘慍悋惘惆惘惆悋悋愕惘b悋惘悋惠悽悋惡擧.
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54
1 = 
1 = , 
 = 1
1 = {, , , ,  }
悽惠惘惆(15)悋愕惘惆惡 愕惘擧惠悋惠惘
L(c)=22 : (22,b)
L(f)=23 : (23,b)
L(h)=16 : (16,g)
L(i)=14 : (14,g)
悋愕惘i擧惠惘慍悋惘惆惘惆悋悋愕惘i悋惘悋惠悽悋惡擧.
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55
2 = 
2 = , , 
 = 2
2 = {, , ,  }
悽惠惘惆(16)悋愕惘惆惡 愕惘擧惠悋惠惘
L(c)=22 : (22,b)
L(f)=21 : (21,i)
L(h)=15 : (15,i)
悋愕惘h擧惠惘慍悋惘惆惘惆悋悋愕惘h悋惘悋惠悽悋惡擧.
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56
3 = 
3 = , , , 
 = 3
3 = {, ,  }
悽惠惘惆(17)悋愕惘惆惡 愕惘擧惠悋惠惘
L(c)=22 : (22,b)
L(f)=21 : (21,i)
悋愕惘f擧惠惘慍悋惘惆惘惆悋悋愕惘f悋惘悋惠悽悋惡擧.
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57
4 = 
4 = , , , , 
 = 4
4 = {, }
悽惠惘惆(18)悋愕惘惆惡 愕惘擧惠悋惠惘
L(c)=22 : (22,b)
悋愕惘c悛悽惘悋愕惘惡悋悋惆悋愕惠惆惘惘忰悛悽惘慍悋悋愕惘悋惘悋惠悽悋惡擧.
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58
5 = 
5 = , , , , , 
 = 5
5 = {}
悽惠惘惆(19)悋愕惘惆惡 愕惘擧惠悋惠惘
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5 = 
6 = , , , , , , 
 = 6 =   1
5 = {}
悽惠惘惆(20)

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