Greek theater

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Theater has evolved from ancient rituals and ceremonies. In ancient Greece starting around 700 BCE, theater began as religious festivals honoring Dionysus with plays, including tragedies, comedies, and satyr plays. Tragedies dealt with tragic events and unhappy endings, while comedies were derived from imitation. Playwrights like Sophocles, Euripides, Aeschylus, and Aristophanes wrote plays that were performed in open-air theaters with areas for the orchestra, skene (stage), and theatron (seating).

Objective:
Discusses the history of the
theatrical force and their evolution.

History of the Theatrical Forms and Their Evolution
Theater began from:
*Myth
*Ritual
*Ceremony

Theater means, “ place of seeing”
To produce theater:
 A playwright writes the scripts.
The director rehearses the performers.
The designer and technical crew produce
props to create the scenes.
The actors and actresses perform on stage

Ancient Theater
700 B.C.E. – 410 C.E.
(Greek and Roman Theater)

Greek Theater
 European Theater began in Ancient Greece. It began around 700 B.C. with festivals
honoring their many gods.
Dionysus (the God of wine and fertility) was honored with a religious festival called
by "City Dionysia“ or “The Cult of Doinysus” to honor him.
 Three Well-known Greek Tragedy Playwright are:
 Sophocles
 Euripides
 Aeschylus

Three Types of Drama:
Tragedy
- is a compound of two greek words, tragos or “goat” and
“ᾠὀἠ”(ode) meaning “song” referring to goats sacrificed to Dionysus
before performances or to goat-skins worn by the performers.
- was the most admired type of play. It dealt with tragic events
and have an unhappy endings especially one concerning the downfall of
the main character.
Thespis – first actor and introduced the use of masks.
- “Father of Tragedy”

Comedy
- was also an important part of ancient Greek theatre.
- were derived from imitation; there are no traces of its origin.
 Aristophanes wrote most of the comedy plays. Out of these 11
plays survived - Lysistrata, a humorous s tale about a strong
woman who leads a female coalition to end war in Greece.
Cyclops was an adventurous comedy by Euripides.

Satyr Play
- contains comic elements to lighten the overall
mood or a serious play with a happy ending.
- was a short, lighthearted tailpiece performed
after each trilogy of the tragedy.
- It is an ancient greek form of tragic comedy.

Ancient Theater Terms
Theatre buildings were called a theatron. The theaters were large,
open-air structures constructed on the slopes of hills. They
consisted of three main elements: the orchestra, the skene, and the
audience.
Orchestra – a large circular or rectangular area at the center part of
the theatre, where the play, dance, religious rites, acting used to take
place.
Theatron – viewing place on the slope of a hill.
Skene – stage
 Parados – side entrance

Quiz:
Which do you prefer or like to watch, a
comedy play or a tragedy play? Why?

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Greek theater

1. Objective: Discusses the history of the theatrical force and their evolution.

2. History of the Theatrical Forms and Their Evolution Theater began from: *Myth *Ritual *Ceremony

3. Theater means, “ place of seeing” To produce theater:  A playwright writes the scripts. The director rehearses the performers. The designer and technical crew produce props to create the scenes. The actors and actresses perform on stage

4. Ancient Theater 700 B.C.E. – 410 C.E. (Greek and Roman Theater)

5. Greek Theater  European Theater began in Ancient Greece. It began around 700 B.C. with festivals honoring their many gods. Dionysus (the God of wine and fertility) was honored with a religious festival called by "City Dionysia“ or “The Cult of Doinysus” to honor him.  Three Well-known Greek Tragedy Playwright are:  Sophocles  Euripides  Aeschylus

6. Three Types of Drama: Tragedy - is a compound of two greek words, tragos or “goat” and “ᾠὀἠ”(ode) meaning “song” referring to goats sacrificed to Dionysus before performances or to goat-skins worn by the performers. - was the most admired type of play. It dealt with tragic events and have an unhappy endings especially one concerning the downfall of the main character. Thespis – first actor and introduced the use of masks. - “Father of Tragedy”

7. Comedy - was also an important part of ancient Greek theatre. - were derived from imitation; there are no traces of its origin.  Aristophanes wrote most of the comedy plays. Out of these 11 plays survived - Lysistrata, a humorous s tale about a strong woman who leads a female coalition to end war in Greece. Cyclops was an adventurous comedy by Euripides.

8. Satyr Play - contains comic elements to lighten the overall mood or a serious play with a happy ending. - was a short, lighthearted tailpiece performed after each trilogy of the tragedy. - It is an ancient greek form of tragic comedy.

9. Ancient Theater Terms Theatre buildings were called a theatron. The theaters were large, open-air structures constructed on the slopes of hills. They consisted of three main elements: the orchestra, the skene, and the audience. Orchestra – a large circular or rectangular area at the center part of the theatre, where the play, dance, religious rites, acting used to take place. Theatron – viewing place on the slope of a hill. Skene – stage  Parados – side entrance

10. Quiz: Which do you prefer or like to watch, a comedy play or a tragedy play? Why?

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Greek theater

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Greek theater