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The document discusses encryption and decryption techniques. It introduces symmetric-key cryptography, where the sender and receiver share a single key, and public-key cryptography, which avoids the problem of secure key exchange. It then discusses the Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithm, which transforms 64-bit blocks of data using a complex computation controlled by a 64-bit key. DES applies initial and final permutations to the data and uses a cipher function and key schedule for the encryption.
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This document provides an overview of cryptography. It begins with defining cryptography as the practice of hiding information and discusses its purposes, including authentication, privacy, integrity, and non-repudiation. It then describes the basic architecture and types of cryptography, including secret key cryptography, public key cryptography, and hash functions. The document outlines the process of cryptography and different algorithm types, including public/private key cryptography and hash functions. It concludes by discussing different types of attacks on cryptography and thanking the audience.Presentationon ON THE TOPIC CRYPTOGRAPHY
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This document provides an overview of cryptography. It defines cryptography as the practice of hiding information and discusses its purposes, including authentication, privacy, integrity, and non-repudiation. The document outlines the basic architecture of cryptography, including secret key cryptography, public key cryptography, hash functions, and types of cryptographic attacks. It describes the processes of public/private key cryptography and different types of cryptographic algorithms.Analysis of Cryptography Techniques
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The document discusses cryptography and encryption techniques, defining key terms such as plaintext, ciphertext, encryption, decryption, and key types including symmetric and asymmetric cryptosystems. It explains how each system operates, with examples like the Caesar cipher, DES for symmetric cryptography, and RSA for asymmetric cryptography, highlighting their applications and the significance of key management. Additionally, it covers cryptographic attacks and properties of encryption functions, demonstrating the importance of security in data transmission.A NEW PROPOSED SYMMETRIC KEY ALGORITHM FOR MODERN CRYPTOGRAPHIC
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This document describes a new proposed symmetric key encryption algorithm. It begins with background on cryptography and then describes the new algorithm. The algorithm encrypts text by taking the ASCII value of each character, reversing the 8-bit binary representation, dividing this by a 4-digit key, and storing the remainder in the first 3 digits and quotient in the next 5 digits to form the ciphertext. It provides an example of encrypting the character 'T' using this process. The document suggests this algorithm is easy to implement and more secure than existing algorithms due to using a reversal operation during encryption.Ad
Group 6
- 2. Introduction To Basic Encryption and Decryption The term Cryptography means the concept of encryption and decryption together. Cryptography is the technique in which the original plain text message is encrypted i.e. converted into a coded form called cipher text at the senders end, which is then transmitted to the receiver.
- 3. The receiver then decrypts i.e. converts the cipher text back into the plain text to get the original message back. Cryptography is also called as an art or technique to achieve the secure communication between the communicating parties by encoding the messages between them such that no 3rd party can gain anything useful out of interception.
- 4. Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is an approach to public-key cryptography based on the algebraic structure of elliptic curves over finite fields. Elliptic curves are also used in several integer factorization algorithms that have applications in cryptography, such as Lenstra elliptic curve factorization. Cryptography is one of the essential technologies used in building a secure VPN. Different applications of the same basic algorithms can provide both encryption that keeps data secret and authentication that ensures the two security peers in a VPN are who they claim to be. This chapter introduces some basic concepts in cryptography and demonstrates how they can be used in practice to provide data confidentiality. The next chapter continues this theme with a discussion of mutual authentication using cryptographic algorithms.
- 6. Symmetric-key cryptography is also known as a secret- key, single key or private key. An encryption system in which the sender and receiver of a message share a single, common key that is used to encrypt and decrypt the message. Symmetric-key systems are simpler and faster, but their main drawback is that the two parties must somehow exchange the key in a secure way. Public-key encryption avoids this problem because the public key can be distributed in a non-secure way, and the private key is never transmitted.
- 8. Disadvantages of symmetric key: A symmetric-key algorithm has two major disadvantages. 1) Each pair of users must have a unique symmetric key. This means that if N people in the world want to use this method, there needs to be N(N -1)/2 symmetric keys. For eg: for 1 thousand people to communicate, 1000* 999 /2 =4,99,500 (4 lakhs 99 thousand and five hundred) symmetric keys are needed. The distribution of the keys between two parties can be difficult. 2) The sender needs to exchange the key to the receiver. It may be hijacked in between.
- 9. Category of Standard: Computer Security. Explanation: The Data Encryption Standard (DES) specifies a FIPS approved cryptographic algorithm as required by FIPS 140-1. Qualifications. The cryptographic algorithm specified in this standard transforms a 64-bit binary value into a unique 64-bit binary value based on a 56-bit variable. Data Encryption Standard
- 10. The algorithm is designed to encipher and decipher blocks of data consisting of 64 bits under control of a 64-bit key A block to be enciphered is subjected to an initial permutation IP and then to a complex key- dependent computation and finally to a permutation which is the inverse of the initial permutation IP-1. Introduction
- 11. Permutation is an operation performed by a function, which moves an element at place j to the place k. The key-dependent computation can be simply defined in terms of a function f, called the cipher function, and a function KS, called the key schedule. First, a description of the computation.