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GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT COPY.pptx

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This document summarizes growth and development from conception through adulthood. It discusses the stages of growth, factors affecting growth like genetics, hormones, nutrition and environment. It also covers the assessment of physical growth using growth charts, common growth disorders like short stature and failure to thrive, and their management. Key points covered include the stages of prenatal, infancy, childhood and adolescent growth, and how different tissues grow at different rates during development.

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GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT MODERATOR-DR SHAILASREE PRESENTOR-DR ANAKHA RAJENDRAN
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT NET INCREASE IN SIZE OR MASS OF TISSUES-GROWTH MULTIPLICATION OF CELLS AND INCREASE IN INTRACELLULAR SUBSTANCE MATURATION OF FUNCTIONS- DEVELOPMENT MATURATION AND MYELINATION OF NERVOUS SYSTEMS
STAGES OF GROWTH PRE NATAL-CONCEPTION TO BIRTH INFANCY-BIRTH TO 1 YEAR CHILDHOOD-2 TO 12 YEARS ADOLESCENCE- 13-19 YEARS ADULTHOOD- >19
FACTORS AFFECTING GROWTH FETAL,MATERNAL,PLACENTAL FETAL: HORMONES-THYROXINE INSULIN GLUCOCORTICOIDS GROWTH HORMONE FETAL GROWTH FACTORS- GROWTH PROMOTING,INHIBITORY PLACENTAL:PLACENTAL WEIGHT,STRUCTRAL FUNCTIONAL INTEGRITY,NUTRITION MATERNAL-AGE,RECENT PREGNANCY,PARITY,ANEMIA,SUBSTANCE ABUSE,INFECTIONS,CHRONIC DISEASES
POST NATAL PERIOD GENETIC FACTORS IUGR->LBW->MALNUTRITION HORMONE-GH,THYROXINE ; SEX HORMONES NUTRITION INFECTIONS-RTI AND DIARRHOEA CHEMICAL AGENTS TRAUMA
SOCIAL FACTORS SES POVERTY NATURAL RESOURCES CLIMATE EMOTIONAL FACORS CULTURAL PARENTAL EDUCATION
LAWS OF GROWTH GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN IS A CONTINOUS AND ORDERLY PROCESS GROWTH PATTERN OF EVERY INDIVIDUAL IS UNIQUE DIFFERENT TISSUES GROW AT DIFFERENT RATES
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT COPY.pptx
ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICAL GROWTH WEIGHT LENGTH/HEIGHT HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE CHEST CIRCUMFERENCE MUAC
GROWTH CHARTS GROWTH MEASUREMENTS RECORDEDIN ACHILD OVER A PERIOD OF TIMEAND PLOTTED ON A GRAPH DEVIATION FROM NORMAL PATTERN CAN BE INTERPRETED RANGES FROM 3RD TO 97TH PERCENTILE
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT COPY.pptx
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT COPY.pptx
DISORDERS OF GROWTH SHORT STATURE- HEIGHT BELOW 3RD CENTILE FOR THAT AGE AND GENDER(<-2SD) <-3 SD PATHOLOGICAL SHORT STATURE CAUSES: PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL Undernutrition,chronic illness,endocrine causes,sga,genetic syndromes
PHYSIOLOGICAL SHORT STATURE FAMILIAL VS CONSTITUTIONAL SHORT SHORT HEIGHT VELOCITY NORMAL NORMAL FAMILY H/O SHORT STATURE DELAYED PUBERTY BONE AGE N LESS THAN CHRONOLO PUBERTY N DELAYED FINAL HEIGHT - LOW NORMAL
MANAGEMENT PARENTAL COUNSELLING AND REASSURANCE DIETARY ADVICE TREATMENT OF UNDERLYING DISEASES
FAILURE TO THRIVE WEIGHT BELOW 3RD OR 5th centile Failure to gain weight over a period of time Change in rate of growth that has crossed two major centiles CAUSES:Organic-GERD,malabsorption,IBD,pyloric stenosis :MR,CP ;CKD,RTA :HYPOTHYROIDISM,DM :TB,HIV,PARASITIC INFECTIONS :CHROMOSOMAL ANOMALY,Metabolic diseases :Lead poisoning,malignancy
Management History,physical examination CBC ,ESR,URE,STOOL RE,RFT,LFT,ELECTROLYTES Weight gain in response to adequate calorie feeding Nutritonal rehabilitation,treatment of diseases Admission if;SAM,organic causes which require lab investigations,lack of catch up growth during OP care,suspected child abuse or neglect
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GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT COPY.pptx

  • 1. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT MODERATOR-DR SHAILASREE PRESENTOR-DR ANAKHA RAJENDRAN
  • 2. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT NET INCREASE IN SIZE OR MASS OF TISSUES-GROWTH MULTIPLICATION OF CELLS AND INCREASE IN INTRACELLULAR SUBSTANCE MATURATION OF FUNCTIONS- DEVELOPMENT MATURATION AND MYELINATION OF NERVOUS SYSTEMS
  • 3. STAGES OF GROWTH PRE NATAL-CONCEPTION TO BIRTH INFANCY-BIRTH TO 1 YEAR CHILDHOOD-2 TO 12 YEARS ADOLESCENCE- 13-19 YEARS ADULTHOOD- >19
  • 4. FACTORS AFFECTING GROWTH FETAL,MATERNAL,PLACENTAL FETAL: HORMONES-THYROXINE INSULIN GLUCOCORTICOIDS GROWTH HORMONE FETAL GROWTH FACTORS- GROWTH PROMOTING,INHIBITORY PLACENTAL:PLACENTAL WEIGHT,STRUCTRAL FUNCTIONAL INTEGRITY,NUTRITION MATERNAL-AGE,RECENT PREGNANCY,PARITY,ANEMIA,SUBSTANCE ABUSE,INFECTIONS,CHRONIC DISEASES
  • 5. POST NATAL PERIOD GENETIC FACTORS IUGR->LBW->MALNUTRITION HORMONE-GH,THYROXINE ; SEX HORMONES NUTRITION INFECTIONS-RTI AND DIARRHOEA CHEMICAL AGENTS TRAUMA
  • 6. SOCIAL FACTORS SES POVERTY NATURAL RESOURCES CLIMATE EMOTIONAL FACORS CULTURAL PARENTAL EDUCATION
  • 7. LAWS OF GROWTH GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN IS A CONTINOUS AND ORDERLY PROCESS GROWTH PATTERN OF EVERY INDIVIDUAL IS UNIQUE DIFFERENT TISSUES GROW AT DIFFERENT RATES
  • 9. ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICAL GROWTH WEIGHT LENGTH/HEIGHT HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE CHEST CIRCUMFERENCE MUAC
  • 10. GROWTH CHARTS GROWTH MEASUREMENTS RECORDEDIN ACHILD OVER A PERIOD OF TIMEAND PLOTTED ON A GRAPH DEVIATION FROM NORMAL PATTERN CAN BE INTERPRETED RANGES FROM 3RD TO 97TH PERCENTILE
  • 13. DISORDERS OF GROWTH SHORT STATURE- HEIGHT BELOW 3RD CENTILE FOR THAT AGE AND GENDER(<-2SD) <-3 SD PATHOLOGICAL SHORT STATURE CAUSES: PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL Undernutrition,chronic illness,endocrine causes,sga,genetic syndromes
  • 14. PHYSIOLOGICAL SHORT STATURE FAMILIAL VS CONSTITUTIONAL SHORT SHORT HEIGHT VELOCITY NORMAL NORMAL FAMILY H/O SHORT STATURE DELAYED PUBERTY BONE AGE N LESS THAN CHRONOLO PUBERTY N DELAYED FINAL HEIGHT - LOW NORMAL
  • 15. MANAGEMENT PARENTAL COUNSELLING AND REASSURANCE DIETARY ADVICE TREATMENT OF UNDERLYING DISEASES
  • 16. FAILURE TO THRIVE WEIGHT BELOW 3RD OR 5th centile Failure to gain weight over a period of time Change in rate of growth that has crossed two major centiles CAUSES:Organic-GERD,malabsorption,IBD,pyloric stenosis :MR,CP ;CKD,RTA :HYPOTHYROIDISM,DM :TB,HIV,PARASITIC INFECTIONS :CHROMOSOMAL ANOMALY,Metabolic diseases :Lead poisoning,malignancy
  • 17. Management History,physical examination CBC ,ESR,URE,STOOL RE,RFT,LFT,ELECTROLYTES Weight gain in response to adequate calorie feeding Nutritonal rehabilitation,treatment of diseases Admission if;SAM,organic causes which require lab investigations,lack of catch up growth during OP care,suspected child abuse or neglect