Halls Cultural Framework

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This document summarizes Edward T. Hall's framework of culture, which examines four key cultural factors - context, time, space, and information. It outlines the differences between high and low context cultures, monochronic and polychronic approaches to time, territoriality and personal space norms, and flow of information. Examples of countries with different cultural contexts and aspects requiring adjustment when moving between high and low context cultures are also provided.

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Arun Panigrahi
Tathagata Banerjee
Uday Sethi
Hall’s Framework of
Culture

 Context
 Time
 Space
 Information
Halls Cultural Factors

 Monochronic time
 Polychronic time
Time

Aspects Monochronic Polychronic
Actions do one thing at a time do many things at once
Focus Concentrate on the job at hand Are easily distracted
Attention to time Think about when things must be achieved Think about what will be achieved
Priority Put the job first Put relationships first
Respect for property Seldom borrow or lend things Borrow and lend things often and easily
Timeliness Emphasize promptness(quick=agility) base promptness relationship factors
Difference between Monochronic and Polychronic

 Need for Space
 High territoriality:
High concern of Ownership & Security
 Low territoriality:
Less concern of Ownership & Security
Space

Information
 Slow flow:
Careful planning
Need based flow
 Fast flow :
unstructured
across the team

High to low:
 Take on Face
 Focus on Task
 Direct communication
 Respect Privacy
Low to high:
 Body language observation
 Build Relationships
 Save Face
 Creative thinking
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Halls Cultural Framework

1. Arun Panigrahi Tathagata Banerjee Uday Sethi Hall’s Framework of Culture

2. Edward T. Hall

3.  Context  Time  Space  Information Halls Cultural Factors

4.  High  Low Context

5. FACTOR HIGH CONTEXT LOW CONTEXT Overtness (obviousness) of messages Covert and Implicit messages Overt and explicit messages Locus (place) of control and attribution (reason) for failure Inner locus of control and personal acceptance for failure Outer locus of control and blame others for failure Use of non-verbal communication Much nonverbal communication More focus on verbal communication than body language Expression of reaction Reserved, inward reactions Visible, external, outward reaction Cohesion and separation of groups Strong distinction between in-group and out- group. Strong sense of family. Flexible and open grouping patterns, changing as needed People bonds Strong people bonds with affiliation to family and community Fragile bonds with little sense of loyalty. Level of commitment to relationships High commitment to long-term relationships. Relationship more important than task. Low commitment to relationship. Task more important than relationships. Flexibility of time Time is open and flexible. Process is more important than product Time is highly organized. Product is more important than process Aspects of Different Context

6. Countries with Different Contexts

7.  Monochronic time  Polychronic time Time

8. Aspects Monochronic Polychronic Actions do one thing at a time do many things at once Focus Concentrate on the job at hand Are easily distracted Attention to time Think about when things must be achieved Think about what will be achieved Priority Put the job first Put relationships first Respect for property Seldom borrow or lend things Borrow and lend things often and easily Timeliness Emphasize promptness(quick=agility) base promptness relationship factors Difference between Monochronic and Polychronic

9. Example

10.  Need for Space  High territoriality: High concern of Ownership & Security  Low territoriality: Less concern of Ownership & Security Space

11. Space

12. Examples

13. Information  Slow flow: Careful planning Need based flow  Fast flow : unstructured across the team

14. High to low:  Take on Face  Focus on Task  Direct communication  Respect Privacy Low to high:  Body language observation  Build Relationships  Save Face  Creative thinking Cultural Adjustments

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Halls Cultural Framework

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