Heat transfer review
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This document discusses heat transfer and provides explanations to practice questions about various heat transfer concepts. It explains that heat only transfers from hot to cold objects until they reach the same temperature. Heat transfer occurs through conduction, convection and radiation. Heat causes objects to expand, so a hot airplane will be slightly longer than when cold. Blowing on soup cools it through convection. Smoke rises due to convection until it reaches the temperature of room air. A cup of water in boiling water will not boil as heat transfer stops once temperatures equalize.
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Science Experiment: Properties of Water.pptxmarionrada1985
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Different experiments to know the properties of waterGas Exchange in Insects and structures 01
Gas Exchange in Insects and structures 01PhoebeAkinyi1
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Description of structures involved in gaseous exchangeWhat is Skeleton system.pptx by aahil sir
What is Skeleton system.pptx by aahil sirbhatbashir421
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science, any system of knowledge that is concerned with the physical world and its phenomena and that entails unbiased observations and systematic experimentation. In general, a science involves a pursuit of knowledge covering general truths or the operations of fundamental laws.
Science can be divided into different branches based on the subject of study. The physical sciences study the inorganic world and comprise the fields of astronomy, physics, chemistry, and the Earth sciences. The biological sciences such as biology and medicine study the organic world of life and its processes. Social sciences like anthropology and economics study the social and cultural aspects of human behaviour.
Science is further treated in a number of articles. For the history of Western and Eastern science, see science, history of. For the conceptualization of science and its interrelationships with culture, see science, philosophy of. For the basic aspects of the scientific approach, see physical science, principles of; and scientific method.
Model of a molecule. Atom, Biology, Molecular Structure, Science, Science and Technology. Homepage 2010 arts and entertainment, history and society
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physics
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Bernoulli model of gas pressureillustration of Robert Hooke's law of elasticity of materialsLaser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA)curved space-timetemperature scalesBrownian particleElectromagnetic radiationDiffraction gratingMillikan oil-drop experiment
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Diffraction grating
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Michael Faraday (L) English physicist and chemist (electromagnetism) and John Frederic Daniell (R) British chemist and meteorologist who invented the Daniell cell.
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Italian-born physicist Dr. Enrico Fermi draws a diagram at a blackboard with mathematical equations. circa 1950.
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Italian physicist Guglielmo Marconi at work in the wireless room of his yacht Electra, c. 1920.
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atom. Orange and green illustration of protons and neutrons creating the nucleus of an atom.
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Highway Night Traffic Portland, drive, driving, car, automobile.
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Galaxy clusters like Abell 2744 can act as a natural cosmic lens, magnifying light from more distant, background objects through gravity. lysosomes "suicide bags of cell" and hydrolytic enzymes
lysosomes "suicide bags of cell" and hydrolytic enzymeskchaturvedi070
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Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles found in most animal cells (rare in plants) that function as the digestive system of the cell. They contain hydrolytic enzymes that can break down various biomolecules.Single membrane enclosing the organelle.Contains over 50 types of digestive enzymes (hydrolases).Enzymes function best at acidic pH (~4.55.0), maintained by proton pumps in the lysosomal membrane.EV REGENERATIVE ACCELERATION INNOVATION SUMMARY PITCH June 13, 2025.pdf
EV REGENERATIVE ACCELERATION INNOVATION SUMMARY PITCH June 13, 2025.pdfThane Heins NOBEL PRIZE WINNING ENERGY RESEARCHER
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Summary: This document presents a breakthrough in electric vehicle (EV) innovation the EV Regenerative Acceleration Innovation (EVRAI)developed and patented by Thane Heins Energy Inc. of Ottawa, Canada, Peer-reviewed, validated and independently replicated at the University of Ottawa following performance confirmations at MIT. EVRAI now provides all EVs and hybrid vehicles with the ability to completely recharge themselves as they drive, eliminating the need for external plug-in recharging and reducing battery size requirements by up to 80%. This document outlines the new physics principles, internationally confirmed, validated replications, individual and commercial implications of this paradigm-shifting innovation in the context of sustainable mobility.Operationalising OGC Processes with Application Packages in ILIAD: A Service ...
Operationalising OGC Processes with Application Packages in ILIAD: A Service ...Marco Amaro Oliveira
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This contribution presents the integration of the EO Application Package model into the ILIAD Digital Twin of the Ocean architecture, using the OGC API Processes DRU specification. Built on the EOEPCA framework and OGC best practices and specifications, the approach enables standardized, containerized EO applications packaged with CWL to run across a wide range of infrastructures including Kubernetes and HPC. These applications are already in use across several platforms, and in ILIAD they have been applied to models such as oil spill forecasting, aquaculture, wave energy, and ship routing.
The EDITO platform supports OGC API Processes but is currently optimized for simpler workflows using environment variables. To enhance compatibility with EO Application Packages, ILIAD introduces a Kubernetes-based ADES implementation, enabling dynamic execution and integration with EDITO's object store and metadata catalog. The experience is also informing the evolution of the OGC Best Practice, and practical solutions for bridging architectural gaps will be discussed.Overview of Stem Cells and Immune Modulation.ppsx
Overview of Stem Cells and Immune Modulation.ppsxAhmedAtwa29
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This presentation, "Stem Cells & Immune Modulation: The Future of Regenerative Medicine?" by Dr. Ahmed Atwa, explores the groundbreaking potential of stem cells in regenerative medicine and immune regulation. It covers stem cell types (Embryonic, Adult, iPSCs), their unique properties (self-renewal, differentiation), and therapeutic applications in tissue repair, disease modeling, and immunomodulation. Special focus is given to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their role in modulating immune responses through cytokines, extracellular vesicles (EVs), and preconditioning strategies. The slides also address clinical challenges, cancer stem cell evasion, and future directions in stem cell therapy.
Impact of Network Topologies on Blockchain Performance
Impact of Network Topologies on Blockchain Performancevschiavoni
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Best Student Paper Award at ACM DEBS 2025.
Paper here:
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3701717.3730540
Since blockchains are increasingly adopted in real-world applications, it is of paramount importance to evaluate their performance across diverse scenarios. Although the network infrastructure plays a fundamental role, its impact on performance remains largely unexplored. Some studies evaluate blockchain in cloud environments, but this approach is costly and difficult to reproduce. We propose a cost-effective and reproducible environment that supports both cluster-based setups and emulation capabilities and allows the underlying network topology to be easily modified. We evaluate five industry-grade blockchains Algorand, Diem, Ethereum, Quorum, and Solana across five network topologies fat-tree, full mesh, hypercube, scale-free, and torus and different realistic workloads smart contract requests and transfer transactions. Our benchmark framework, Lilith, shows that full mesh, hypercube, and torus topologies improve blockchain performance under heavy workloads. Algorand and Diem perform consistently across the considered topologies, while Ethereum remains robust but slower.EV REGENERATIVE ACCELERATION INNOVATION SUMMARY PITCH June 13, 2025.pdf
EV REGENERATIVE ACCELERATION INNOVATION SUMMARY PITCH June 13, 2025.pdfThane Heins NOBEL PRIZE WINNING ENERGY RESEARCHER
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Operationalising OGC Processes with Application Packages in ILIAD: A Service ...
Operationalising OGC Processes with Application Packages in ILIAD: A Service ...Marco Amaro Oliveira
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Heat transfer review
- 1. Heat Transfer March 20, 2007
- 2. Warm-up Wrap a fur coat around a thermometer. Will its temperature rise? Explain why or why not. If you hold one end of a metal nail against a piece of ice, the end in your hand soon becomes cold. Does cold flow from the ice to your hand? Explain.
- 3. Answer No, the thermometer will not heat up because it is the same temperature as the coat. There has to be a difference in temperature in order for heat transfer to take place No, cold does not flow. Heat flows from your hand to the nail to the ice. Since your hand is losing heat, it feels cold. HEAT is the only thing that flows.
- 4. Practice Question Explain why firewalkers can walk safely across a bed of red-hot coals in bare feet.
- 5. Answer Because the rate of heat transfer is slow, because coals are not very good conductors. If they walk fast enough, there is only a small amount of heat transferred to their feet, and they do not burn.
- 6. Practice Question If heat transfers from hot to cold, and stops when the two objects reach the same temperature, explain why it is possible for the inside of your car to be hotter than the air outside on a hot summer day.
- 7. Answer The greenhouse effect. Electromagnetic waves from the sun enter your car through the windows and are absorbed by the seats and other objects in the car. They then re- emit electromagnetic radiation of a different wavelength that cannot pass through glass. All of that energy is therefore trapped inside the car, causing the temperature to rise.
- 8. Practice Question Since a hot cup of tea cools more rapidly than a lukewarm cup of tea, would it be correct to say that a hot cup of tea will cool to room temperature before a lukewarm cup of tea will?
- 9. Answer No, because as it cools, the rate of heat transfer slows down until it is just as slow as the lukewarm cup of tea. The only way to make it cool faster is by introducing convection. (mpemba effect)
- 10. Practice Question The Concorde supersonic airplane is 20 cm longer when in flight. Explain why.
- 11. Answer As the jet flies, it experiences a huge amount of friction, which heats it up significantly. This causes thermal expansion, and the plane lengthens.
- 12. Practice Question What is temperature a measure of?
- 13. Answer The average kinetic energy of the particles.
- 14. Practice Problem If you drop a hot rock into a pail of water, the temperature of the rock and the water will change until both are equal. The rock will cool and the water will warm. Is this true if the rock is dropped into the Atlantic Ocean?
- 15. Answer Yes, yes, yes!!! Even though the Atlantic ocean is huge, the heat that leaves the rock enters the water (law of conservation of energy). This means that the temperature will increase. Since the ocean is a huge body of water, it will be an incredibly small change, but a change nonetheless.
- 16. Practice Problem When you step out of a swimming pool on a hot, dry day, you feel quite chilly. Why?
- 17. Practice problem The water will start evaporating in the air. Evaporation requires energy (heat) and that heat will come from your body. Since you are losing heat, you will feel cold.
- 18. Practice Problem Does a gas give off or absorb energy when it turns into a solid?
- 19. Answer: It gives off energy, because it is going from high energy to low energy.
- 20. Practice Problem Why does blowing over hot soup cool the soup?
- 21. Answer Convection cooling is a very effective method of heat transfer.
- 22. Practice Problem In a still room, smoke will sometimes rise only so far, never reaching the ceiling. Why?
- 23. Answer The smoke will be initially hot. Since hot air is less dense than cool air it will rise. However, it will cool as it rises until its density is the same as the density of the air in the room. At that point, it will stop rising.
- 24. Question If a cool cup of water is floated inside of a pot of water that is already boiling, will the water in the cup ever boil?
- 25. Answer NO! Heat will transfer from the boiling water to the cool water until the two are the same temperature. At that point, there will be no more net heat transfer. In order for the water in the cup to boil, it needs more heat after it reaches 100 degrees Celsius.