Antonio Gramsci developed the theory of hegemony to describe how dominant groups in society maintain their dominance through securing the consent of subordinate groups. This is achieved by constructing a political and ideological consensus that incorporates both dominant and subordinate groups. Gramsci argued that dominant groups, such as major film studios, dictate cultural trends and norms but that the rise of user-generated content on the internet may now challenge this hegemony by allowing content to spread organically outside the control of traditional gatekeepers.