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High Availability Server with DRBD in linux

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Ali Rachman
Ali Rachman

The document describes how to set up high availability for a website using IP failover, Heartbeat, and Pacemaker on two Ubuntu servers. It provides instructions for configuring basic settings like static IP addresses, installing required packages, configuring Apache and Heartbeat, defining cluster resources, and monitoring the cluster. The goal is to keep the website available even if the primary node fails by failing over to the secondary node.

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With IP Failover, Heartbeat, Pacemaker on Ubuntu Server Presented by Ali Rachman Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 1
High Availability High Availability mengacu kepada suatu praktek untuk menjaga agar resource yang ada tetap online atau tersedia karena disebabkan oleh kegagalan suatu node atau sistem Panduan kali ini, menunjukkan suatu metode untuk menggunakan dua linode untuk menjaga suatu website tetap online. Bahkan ketika node primary dimatikan. Pada prakteknya, akan menggunakan metode IP Failover, Heartbeat, Pacemaker dan Apache Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 2
Catatan : 1. Metode yang digunakan mungkin tidak sesuai dengan beberapa kasus High Availability yang ada. 2. Diharapkan metode yang digunakan dalam praktek ini bisa memberikan gambaran yang jelas tentang HA guna pengembangan di kasus-kasus yang lain. 3. Konfigurasi yang ada dalam metode ini hanya bekerja untuk situs yang statis Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 3
Terminology : 1. Basic system configuration 2. Assign Static IP Address 3. Install require Packages 4. Configure Apache 2 5. Configure Heartbeat 6. Configure Cluster Resources 7. Monitor Cluster Resource Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 4
Konfigurasi yang digunakan : 1. HA1 Primary Linode 2. HA2 Secondary Linode 3. 12.34.56.78 Static IP untuk Primary Linode 4. 98.76.54.32 Static IP untuk Secondary Linode 5. 44.44.44.44 floating IP 6. 4321 password untuk authentifikasi 7. Tes.ams.id contoh website yang akan di bangun Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 5
Basic System Configuration : Login dengan ssh ke primary linode Edit /etc/hosts dan isi sesuai di bawah : 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 12.34.56.78 ha1.ams.id ha1 98.76.54.32 ha2.ams.id ha2 Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 6
Basic System Configuration : Ssh host key syncronization Ssh host key syncronization ini digunakan untuk mensinkronisasikan login antar dua linode yang berbeda Lakukan hal berikut dari primary linode : ssh-keygen -t rsa scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@ha2:/root/ha1_key.pub ssh root@ha2 "ssh-keygen -t rsa" ssh root@ha2 "echo `cat ~/ha1_key.pub` >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys2" ssh root@ha2 "rm ~/ha1_key.pub" scp root@ha2:/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /root cat ~/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys2 rm ~/id_rsa.pub scp /etc/ssh/ssh_host* root@ha2:/etc/ssh/ rm ~/.ssh/known_hosts ssh root@ha2 "/etc/init.d/ssh restart" scp /etc/hosts root@ha2:/etc/hosts echo "ha1" > /etc/hostname hostname -F /etc/hostname ssh root@ha2 "echo "ha2" > /etc/hostname" ssh root@ha2 "hostname -F /etc/hostname" Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 7
Assign Static IP Address : Primary Linode : Edit /etc/network/interfaces : auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 12.34.56.78 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 12.34.56.1 Secondary Linode : /etc/init.d/networking restart Edit /etc/network/interfaces : auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 98.76.54.32 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 09.76.54.1 /etc/init.d/networking restart Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 8
Install Required Packages : Primary Linode : apt-get update apt-get upgrade apt-get install heartbeat pacemaker apache2 /etc/init.d/apache2 stop update-rc.d -f apache2 remove mkdir -p /srv/www/ams.id/tes/public_html mkdir /srv/www/ams.id/tes/logs ssh root@ha2 "apt-get update" ssh root@ha2 "apt-get upgrade" ssh root@ha2 "apt-get install heartbeat pacemaker apache2" ssh root@ha2 "/etc/init.d/apache2 stop" ssh root@ha2 "update-rc.d -f apache2 remove" ssh root@ha2 "mkdir -p /srv/www/ams.id/tes/public_html" ssh root@ha2 "mkdir /srv/www/ams.id/tes/logs" Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 9
Configure Apache2 : Primary Linode : Edit /etc/apache2/ports.conf : NameVirtualHost 44.44.44.44:80 Listen 80 Buat file untuk website tes.ams.id yang akan dibuat HA : Edit /etc/apache2/sites-available/tes.ams.id : <VirtualHost 44.44.44.44:80> ServerAdmin support@ams.id ServerName tes.ams.id DocumentRoot /srv/www/ams.id/tes/public_html/ ErrorLog /srv/www/ams.id/tes/logs/error.log CustomLog /srv/www/ams.id/tes/logs/access.log combined </VirtualHost> Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 10
Configure Apache2 : Primary Linode : Lakukan perintah berikut : <VirtualHost 44.44.44.44:80> ServerAdmin support@ams.id ServerName tes.ams.id DocumentRoot /srv/www/ams.id/tes/public_html/ ErrorLog /srv/www/ams.id/tes/logs/error.log CustomLog /srv/www/ams.id/tes/logs/access.log combined </VirtualHost> Buat tes page di primary : Buat file di /srv/www/ams.id/tes/public_html/index.html : <html> <head> <title>Test page served from ha1</title> </head> <body> <h1>Test page served from ha1</h1> </body> </html> Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 11
Configure Apache2 : Secondary Linode : Buat tes page di secondary : Buat file di /srv/www/ams.id/tes/public_html/index.html : <html> <head> <title>Test page served from ha2</title> </head> <body> <h1>Test page served from ha2</h1> </body> </html> Primary Linode : Lakukan hal berikut untuk meng-enable site : a2ensite tes.ams.id ssh root@ha2 "a2ensite tes.ams.id" Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 12
Configure Heartbeat : Primary Linode : Edit /etc/heartbeat/ha.cf : logfacility daemon keepalive 2 deadtime 15 warntime 5 initdead 120 udpport 694 ucast eth0 98.76.54.32 auto_failback on node ha1 node ha2 use_logd yes crm respawn Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 13
Configure Heartbeat : Secondary Linode : Edit /etc/heartbeat/ha.cf : logfacility daemon keepalive 2 deadtime 15 warntime 5 initdead 120 udpport 694 ucast eth0 12.34.56.78 auto_failback on node ha1 node ha2 use_logd yes crm respawn Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 14
Configure Heartbeat : Primary Linode : Edit /etc/heartbeat/authkeys : auth 1 1 sha1 4321 Lakukan perintah berikut : chmod 600 /etc/ha.d/authkeys /etc/init.d/heartbeat start scp /etc/ha.d/authkeys root@ha2:/etc/ha.d/ ssh root@ha2 "chmod 600 /etc/ha.d/authkeys" ssh root@ha2 "/etc/init.d/heartbeat start" Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 15
Configure Cluster Resources : Primary Linode : Lakukan perintah berikut : export EDITOR=/bin/nano echo "export EDITOR=/bin/nano" >> .bashrc Secondary Linode : Lakukan perintah berikut : export EDITOR=/bin/nano echo "export EDITOR=/bin/nano" >> .bashrc Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 16
Configure Cluster Resources : Primary Linode : Lakukan perintah berikut : crm configure edit Akan tampil seperti berikut : node $id="285a1261-9066-45de-97ac-04b13e5a1f6c" ha1 node $id="b4fbb893-55d6-4a33-81fb-34f8d010df7f" ha2 property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" dc-version="1.0.8- 042548a451fce8400660f6031f4da6f0223dd5dd" cluster-infrastructure="Heartbeat" Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 17
Configure Cluster Resources : Primary Linode : Insert perintah berikut di antara baris kedua setelah node dengan property : primitive apache2 lsb:apache2 op monitor interval="5s" primitive ip1 ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 params ip=44.44.44.44" nic="eth0:0" primitive ip1arp ocf:heartbeat:SendArp params ip=44.44.44.44" nic="eth0:0" group WebServices ip1 ip1arp apache2 colocation apache_with_ip inf: apache2 ip1 colocation web_with_ip inf: ip1 ip1arp order arp_after_ip inf: ip1:start ip1arp:start order web_after_arp inf: ip1arp:start apache2:start Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 18
Configure Cluster Resources : Primary Linode : Tambahkan expected-quorum-votes, stonith-enabled dan no- quorum-policy, dan jangan lupa menambahkan setelah cluster- infrastructure sehingga seperti berikut : property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" dc-version="1.0.8-042548a451fce8400660f6031f4da6f0223dd5dd" cluster-infrastructure="Heartbeat" expected-quorum-votes="1" stonith-enabled="false" no-quorum-policy="ignore" Tambahkan baris berikut setelah property section : rsc_defaults $id="rsc-options" resource-stickiness="100" Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 19
Configure Cluster Resources : Primary Linode : Konfigurasi komplitnya akan seperti ini : node $id="285a1261-9066-45de-97ac-04b13e5a1f6c" ha1 node $id="b4fbb893-55d6-4a33-81fb-34f8d010df7f" ha2 primitive apache2 lsb:apache2 op monitor interval="5s" primitive ip1 ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 params ip=44.44.44.44" nic="eth0:0" primitive ip1arp ocf:heartbeat:SendArp params ip=44.44.44.44" nic="eth0:0" group WebServices ip1 ip1arp apache2 colocation apache_with_ip inf: apache2 ip1 colocation web_with_ip inf: ip1 ip1arp order arp_after_ip inf: ip1:start ip1arp:start order web_after_arp inf: ip1arp:start apache2:start property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" dc-version="1.0.8-042548a451fce8400660f6031f4da6f0223dd5dd" cluster-infrastructure="Heartbeat" expected-quorum-votes="1" stonith-enabled="false" no-quorum-policy="ignore" rsc_defaults $id="rsc-options" resource-stickiness="100" Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 20
Monitor Cluster Resources : Untuk memonitor clusternya gunakan perintah crm_mon dan outputnya akan seperti : ============ Last updated: Mon Jun 28 16:59:06 2010 Stack: Heartbeat Current DC: ha2 (b4fbb893-55d6-4a33-81fb-34f8d010df7f) - partition with quorum Version: 1.0.8-042548a451fce8400660f6031f4da6f0223dd5dd 2 Nodes configured, 1 expected votes 1 Resources configured. ============ Online: [ ha1 ha2 ] Resource Group: WebServices ip1 (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2): Started ha1 ip1arp (ocf::heartbeat:SendArp): Started ha1 apache2 (lsb:apache2): Started ha1 Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 21
Monitor Cluster Resources : Untuk memindahkan services ke HA2 gunakan perintah berikut : crm resource move WebServices ha2 Sebaliknya untuk mengembalikan services ke HA1 gunakan perintah berikut : crm resource move WebServices ha1 Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 22

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High Availability Server with DRBD in linux

  • 1. With IP Failover, Heartbeat, Pacemaker on Ubuntu Server Presented by Ali Rachman Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 1
  • 2. High Availability High Availability mengacu kepada suatu praktek untuk menjaga agar resource yang ada tetap online atau tersedia karena disebabkan oleh kegagalan suatu node atau sistem Panduan kali ini, menunjukkan suatu metode untuk menggunakan dua linode untuk menjaga suatu website tetap online. Bahkan ketika node primary dimatikan. Pada prakteknya, akan menggunakan metode IP Failover, Heartbeat, Pacemaker dan Apache Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 2
  • 3. Catatan : 1. Metode yang digunakan mungkin tidak sesuai dengan beberapa kasus High Availability yang ada. 2. Diharapkan metode yang digunakan dalam praktek ini bisa memberikan gambaran yang jelas tentang HA guna pengembangan di kasus-kasus yang lain. 3. Konfigurasi yang ada dalam metode ini hanya bekerja untuk situs yang statis Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 3
  • 4. Terminology : 1. Basic system configuration 2. Assign Static IP Address 3. Install require Packages 4. Configure Apache 2 5. Configure Heartbeat 6. Configure Cluster Resources 7. Monitor Cluster Resource Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 4
  • 5. Konfigurasi yang digunakan : 1. HA1 Primary Linode 2. HA2 Secondary Linode 3. 12.34.56.78 Static IP untuk Primary Linode 4. 98.76.54.32 Static IP untuk Secondary Linode 5. 44.44.44.44 floating IP 6. 4321 password untuk authentifikasi 7. Tes.ams.id contoh website yang akan di bangun Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 5
  • 6. Basic System Configuration : Login dengan ssh ke primary linode Edit /etc/hosts dan isi sesuai di bawah : 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 12.34.56.78 ha1.ams.id ha1 98.76.54.32 ha2.ams.id ha2 Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 6
  • 7. Basic System Configuration : Ssh host key syncronization Ssh host key syncronization ini digunakan untuk mensinkronisasikan login antar dua linode yang berbeda Lakukan hal berikut dari primary linode : ssh-keygen -t rsa scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@ha2:/root/ha1_key.pub ssh root@ha2 "ssh-keygen -t rsa" ssh root@ha2 "echo `cat ~/ha1_key.pub` >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys2" ssh root@ha2 "rm ~/ha1_key.pub" scp root@ha2:/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /root cat ~/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys2 rm ~/id_rsa.pub scp /etc/ssh/ssh_host* root@ha2:/etc/ssh/ rm ~/.ssh/known_hosts ssh root@ha2 "/etc/init.d/ssh restart" scp /etc/hosts root@ha2:/etc/hosts echo "ha1" > /etc/hostname hostname -F /etc/hostname ssh root@ha2 "echo "ha2" > /etc/hostname" ssh root@ha2 "hostname -F /etc/hostname" Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 7
  • 8. Assign Static IP Address : Primary Linode : Edit /etc/network/interfaces : auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 12.34.56.78 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 12.34.56.1 Secondary Linode : /etc/init.d/networking restart Edit /etc/network/interfaces : auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 98.76.54.32 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 09.76.54.1 /etc/init.d/networking restart Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 8
  • 9. Install Required Packages : Primary Linode : apt-get update apt-get upgrade apt-get install heartbeat pacemaker apache2 /etc/init.d/apache2 stop update-rc.d -f apache2 remove mkdir -p /srv/www/ams.id/tes/public_html mkdir /srv/www/ams.id/tes/logs ssh root@ha2 "apt-get update" ssh root@ha2 "apt-get upgrade" ssh root@ha2 "apt-get install heartbeat pacemaker apache2" ssh root@ha2 "/etc/init.d/apache2 stop" ssh root@ha2 "update-rc.d -f apache2 remove" ssh root@ha2 "mkdir -p /srv/www/ams.id/tes/public_html" ssh root@ha2 "mkdir /srv/www/ams.id/tes/logs" Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 9
  • 10. Configure Apache2 : Primary Linode : Edit /etc/apache2/ports.conf : NameVirtualHost 44.44.44.44:80 Listen 80 Buat file untuk website tes.ams.id yang akan dibuat HA : Edit /etc/apache2/sites-available/tes.ams.id : <VirtualHost 44.44.44.44:80> ServerAdmin support@ams.id ServerName tes.ams.id DocumentRoot /srv/www/ams.id/tes/public_html/ ErrorLog /srv/www/ams.id/tes/logs/error.log CustomLog /srv/www/ams.id/tes/logs/access.log combined </VirtualHost> Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 10
  • 11. Configure Apache2 : Primary Linode : Lakukan perintah berikut : <VirtualHost 44.44.44.44:80> ServerAdmin support@ams.id ServerName tes.ams.id DocumentRoot /srv/www/ams.id/tes/public_html/ ErrorLog /srv/www/ams.id/tes/logs/error.log CustomLog /srv/www/ams.id/tes/logs/access.log combined </VirtualHost> Buat tes page di primary : Buat file di /srv/www/ams.id/tes/public_html/index.html : <html> <head> <title>Test page served from ha1</title> </head> <body> <h1>Test page served from ha1</h1> </body> </html> Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 11
  • 12. Configure Apache2 : Secondary Linode : Buat tes page di secondary : Buat file di /srv/www/ams.id/tes/public_html/index.html : <html> <head> <title>Test page served from ha2</title> </head> <body> <h1>Test page served from ha2</h1> </body> </html> Primary Linode : Lakukan hal berikut untuk meng-enable site : a2ensite tes.ams.id ssh root@ha2 "a2ensite tes.ams.id" Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 12
  • 13. Configure Heartbeat : Primary Linode : Edit /etc/heartbeat/ha.cf : logfacility daemon keepalive 2 deadtime 15 warntime 5 initdead 120 udpport 694 ucast eth0 98.76.54.32 auto_failback on node ha1 node ha2 use_logd yes crm respawn Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 13
  • 14. Configure Heartbeat : Secondary Linode : Edit /etc/heartbeat/ha.cf : logfacility daemon keepalive 2 deadtime 15 warntime 5 initdead 120 udpport 694 ucast eth0 12.34.56.78 auto_failback on node ha1 node ha2 use_logd yes crm respawn Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 14
  • 15. Configure Heartbeat : Primary Linode : Edit /etc/heartbeat/authkeys : auth 1 1 sha1 4321 Lakukan perintah berikut : chmod 600 /etc/ha.d/authkeys /etc/init.d/heartbeat start scp /etc/ha.d/authkeys root@ha2:/etc/ha.d/ ssh root@ha2 "chmod 600 /etc/ha.d/authkeys" ssh root@ha2 "/etc/init.d/heartbeat start" Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 15
  • 16. Configure Cluster Resources : Primary Linode : Lakukan perintah berikut : export EDITOR=/bin/nano echo "export EDITOR=/bin/nano" >> .bashrc Secondary Linode : Lakukan perintah berikut : export EDITOR=/bin/nano echo "export EDITOR=/bin/nano" >> .bashrc Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 16
  • 17. Configure Cluster Resources : Primary Linode : Lakukan perintah berikut : crm configure edit Akan tampil seperti berikut : node $id="285a1261-9066-45de-97ac-04b13e5a1f6c" ha1 node $id="b4fbb893-55d6-4a33-81fb-34f8d010df7f" ha2 property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" dc-version="1.0.8- 042548a451fce8400660f6031f4da6f0223dd5dd" cluster-infrastructure="Heartbeat" Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 17
  • 18. Configure Cluster Resources : Primary Linode : Insert perintah berikut di antara baris kedua setelah node dengan property : primitive apache2 lsb:apache2 op monitor interval="5s" primitive ip1 ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 params ip=44.44.44.44" nic="eth0:0" primitive ip1arp ocf:heartbeat:SendArp params ip=44.44.44.44" nic="eth0:0" group WebServices ip1 ip1arp apache2 colocation apache_with_ip inf: apache2 ip1 colocation web_with_ip inf: ip1 ip1arp order arp_after_ip inf: ip1:start ip1arp:start order web_after_arp inf: ip1arp:start apache2:start Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 18
  • 19. Configure Cluster Resources : Primary Linode : Tambahkan expected-quorum-votes, stonith-enabled dan no- quorum-policy, dan jangan lupa menambahkan setelah cluster- infrastructure sehingga seperti berikut : property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" dc-version="1.0.8-042548a451fce8400660f6031f4da6f0223dd5dd" cluster-infrastructure="Heartbeat" expected-quorum-votes="1" stonith-enabled="false" no-quorum-policy="ignore" Tambahkan baris berikut setelah property section : rsc_defaults $id="rsc-options" resource-stickiness="100" Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 19
  • 20. Configure Cluster Resources : Primary Linode : Konfigurasi komplitnya akan seperti ini : node $id="285a1261-9066-45de-97ac-04b13e5a1f6c" ha1 node $id="b4fbb893-55d6-4a33-81fb-34f8d010df7f" ha2 primitive apache2 lsb:apache2 op monitor interval="5s" primitive ip1 ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 params ip=44.44.44.44" nic="eth0:0" primitive ip1arp ocf:heartbeat:SendArp params ip=44.44.44.44" nic="eth0:0" group WebServices ip1 ip1arp apache2 colocation apache_with_ip inf: apache2 ip1 colocation web_with_ip inf: ip1 ip1arp order arp_after_ip inf: ip1:start ip1arp:start order web_after_arp inf: ip1arp:start apache2:start property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" dc-version="1.0.8-042548a451fce8400660f6031f4da6f0223dd5dd" cluster-infrastructure="Heartbeat" expected-quorum-votes="1" stonith-enabled="false" no-quorum-policy="ignore" rsc_defaults $id="rsc-options" resource-stickiness="100" Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 20
  • 21. Monitor Cluster Resources : Untuk memonitor clusternya gunakan perintah crm_mon dan outputnya akan seperti : ============ Last updated: Mon Jun 28 16:59:06 2010 Stack: Heartbeat Current DC: ha2 (b4fbb893-55d6-4a33-81fb-34f8d010df7f) - partition with quorum Version: 1.0.8-042548a451fce8400660f6031f4da6f0223dd5dd 2 Nodes configured, 1 expected votes 1 Resources configured. ============ Online: [ ha1 ha2 ] Resource Group: WebServices ip1 (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2): Started ha1 ip1arp (ocf::heartbeat:SendArp): Started ha1 apache2 (lsb:apache2): Started ha1 Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 21
  • 22. Monitor Cluster Resources : Untuk memindahkan services ke HA2 gunakan perintah berikut : crm resource move WebServices ha2 Sebaliknya untuk mengembalikan services ke HA1 gunakan perintah berikut : crm resource move WebServices ha1 Annual Meeting TS, 7-9 Maret 2012 22