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History Homework Classs 8

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Anand Arora

The fasces is a bundle of wooden rods bound together around an axe that was carried as a symbol of authority in ancient Rome. It represented the power and jurisdiction of magistrates. After the French monarchy was abolished, the fasces was adopted as a symbol of state authority for the new French Republic to replace royal symbols. Depictions of the fasces from this period often show it accompanying the French flag or motto, though sometimes partially concealed by other icons like the Phrygian cap.

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A set of rods bound in the form of a bundle which contained an axe. The word fasces means "bundle" and refers to the fact that it is a bundle of rods, which surrounded an ax in the middle. In ancient Rome, the lictors carried fasces before consul, praetors and dictators, i.e., magistrates that held imperium (which means that they had the right to command and interpret the flight of the birds). Fasces surmounted by a Phrygian cap. Power to the liberated people. Note: Fasces has also been the symbol of Italian fascist in the 20th century. The Fasces In France. Once the monarchy had been abolished the new French Republic needed new symbols the represent the state and its power to replace the old royal symbols such as the fleur-de-lis and the royal crown. Liberty and later Marianne provided symbols for the revolutionary state while fasces provided an ideal symbol to represent the authority of the State. It is often hidden away in the background. In the depiction on the left it accompanies two French tricolore flagsand the national cypher RF. It is just visible behind the wreath. In the depiction on the right it is less well hidden, this time by a poster with the new national motto. The axe head is completely concealed by aPhrygian cap (or Cap of Liberty).
History Homework Classs 8
Law tablet Inscribed with the finger of God," the two stone tablets bearing the Ten Commandments have created a dramatic focus for many images of Moses descending Mount Sinai, including Rembrandt van Rijn's 17thcentury rendition of "Moses Breaking the Tables of the Law." Here Moses holds above his head two large black slabs, one partly hiding the other. The front slab is inscribed with the last five commandments, in square Hebrew letters, according to the traditional biblical text. These slabs are reminiscent of engraved stone tablets, with the commandments in Hebrew, that hung in Dutch churches after the Reformation. Similar tablets were attached to the walls of British churches, but the texts were often in English. Although Rembrandt and other artists have created easily readable images, archaeological evidence suggests the tablets envisioned in the biblical text would have had a strikingly different appearance. Inscribed with the finger of God," the two stone tablets bearing the Ten Commandments have created a dramatic focus for many images of Moses descending Mount Sinai, including Rembrandt van Rijn's 17thcentury rendition of "Moses Breaking the Tables of the Law." Here Moses holds above his head two large black slabs, one partly hiding the other. The front slab is inscribed with the last five commandments, in
History Homework Classs 8
White White is the traditional color of the House of Bourbon, who ruled in France from the late 16th Century until the French Revolution. On the flag, the color white represents the King. Red and Blue
The red and blue in the flag represents the city of Paris. Revolutionaries in Paris traditionally flew red and blue. Likewise, revolutionaries wore blue and red cockades (ribbons) on their hats when they stormed the Bastille in 1789. Other Interpretations Aside from France's official explanation of the flag's colors, you may find many other interpretations, as well. Some popular but non-official interpretations include: ? The colors symbolize nobility (blue), clergy (white), and bourgeois (red), which were the estates of the old regime in France. ? When the Tricolour was formally adopted in 1794, its colors symbolized the values of the French Revolution: liberty, equality, brotherhood, democracy, secularism, and modernization. Today, that motto has been shortened to Liberté, ?galité, Fraternité, which translates to Liberty, Equality, Brotherhood. ? One popular interpretation suggests the colors may have also symbolized important people in French history. Blue symbolizes Saint Martin (Martin of Tours), a Christian saint with a shrine in Paris. Red symbolizes Saint Denis, a martyr and saint who was the Bishop of Paris. White symbolizes the Virgin Mary or Joan of Arc.
History Homework Classs 8
History Homework Classs 8
History Homework Classs 8

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History Homework Classs 8

  • 1. A set of rods bound in the form of a bundle which contained an axe. The word fasces means "bundle" and refers to the fact that it is a bundle of rods, which surrounded an ax in the middle. In ancient Rome, the lictors carried fasces before consul, praetors and dictators, i.e., magistrates that held imperium (which means that they had the right to command and interpret the flight of the birds). Fasces surmounted by a Phrygian cap. Power to the liberated people. Note: Fasces has also been the symbol of Italian fascist in the 20th century. The Fasces In France. Once the monarchy had been abolished the new French Republic needed new symbols the represent the state and its power to replace the old royal symbols such as the fleur-de-lis and the royal crown. Liberty and later Marianne provided symbols for the revolutionary state while fasces provided an ideal symbol to represent the authority of the State. It is often hidden away in the background. In the depiction on the left it accompanies two French tricolore flagsand the national cypher RF. It is just visible behind the wreath. In the depiction on the right it is less well hidden, this time by a poster with the new national motto. The axe head is completely concealed by aPhrygian cap (or Cap of Liberty).
  • 3. Law tablet Inscribed with the finger of God," the two stone tablets bearing the Ten Commandments have created a dramatic focus for many images of Moses descending Mount Sinai, including Rembrandt van Rijn's 17thcentury rendition of "Moses Breaking the Tables of the Law." Here Moses holds above his head two large black slabs, one partly hiding the other. The front slab is inscribed with the last five commandments, in square Hebrew letters, according to the traditional biblical text. These slabs are reminiscent of engraved stone tablets, with the commandments in Hebrew, that hung in Dutch churches after the Reformation. Similar tablets were attached to the walls of British churches, but the texts were often in English. Although Rembrandt and other artists have created easily readable images, archaeological evidence suggests the tablets envisioned in the biblical text would have had a strikingly different appearance. Inscribed with the finger of God," the two stone tablets bearing the Ten Commandments have created a dramatic focus for many images of Moses descending Mount Sinai, including Rembrandt van Rijn's 17thcentury rendition of "Moses Breaking the Tables of the Law." Here Moses holds above his head two large black slabs, one partly hiding the other. The front slab is inscribed with the last five commandments, in
  • 5. White White is the traditional color of the House of Bourbon, who ruled in France from the late 16th Century until the French Revolution. On the flag, the color white represents the King. Red and Blue
  • 6. The red and blue in the flag represents the city of Paris. Revolutionaries in Paris traditionally flew red and blue. Likewise, revolutionaries wore blue and red cockades (ribbons) on their hats when they stormed the Bastille in 1789. Other Interpretations Aside from France's official explanation of the flag's colors, you may find many other interpretations, as well. Some popular but non-official interpretations include: ? The colors symbolize nobility (blue), clergy (white), and bourgeois (red), which were the estates of the old regime in France. ? When the Tricolour was formally adopted in 1794, its colors symbolized the values of the French Revolution: liberty, equality, brotherhood, democracy, secularism, and modernization. Today, that motto has been shortened to Liberté, ?galité, Fraternité, which translates to Liberty, Equality, Brotherhood. ? One popular interpretation suggests the colors may have also symbolized important people in French history. Blue symbolizes Saint Martin (Martin of Tours), a Christian saint with a shrine in Paris. Red symbolizes Saint Denis, a martyr and saint who was the Bishop of Paris. White symbolizes the Virgin Mary or Joan of Arc.