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History of Animation

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Akhdan Hyder

The document provides a history of animation from its earliest origins in paleolithic cave paintings through key developments over time. Some of the earliest animation devices included the magic lantern in 1650, the thaumatrope in 1824, and the phenakistoscope in 1831. Important later developments included Winsor McCay's use of keyframe animation in Little Nemo and the first full-length cel animated feature, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, released by Disney in 1937. Modern milestones included Toy Story in 1995 as the first full-length CG feature and Avatar in 2009 which utilized new camera technology allowing live action and motion capture to be viewed simultaneously with CG.

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HISTORY OF ANIMATION
Animation Refers to the creation of a sequence of imagesdrawn, painted, or produced by other artistic methodsthat change over time to portray the illusion of motion.
Paleolithic Period Paleolithic cave paintings Early attempts to convey motion Animals with multiple sets of legs in superimposed positions
The Magic Lantern c. 1650 Consisted of a translucent oil painting, a simple lens and a candle or oil lamp Earliest known example of projected animation In a darkened room, the image would appear projected onto an adjacent flat surface
Thaumatrope 1824 A small disk with different pictures on each side and is attached to two pieces of string When the strings are twirled quickly between the fingers, the pictures appear to combine into a single image
Phenakistoscope 1831 It was invented simultaneously by the Belgian Joseph Plateau and the Austrian Simon von Stampfer A disk with a series of images The device would be placed in front of a mirror and spun
Zoetrope 1834 The concept was suggested by William George Horner Cylindrical spinning device Frames of animation printed on a paper strip placed around the interior circumference
Flip book 1868 John Barnes Linnett patented the first flip book in 1868 as the kineograph A small book with relatively springy pages, each having one in a series of animation images located near its unbound edge
Praxinoscope 1877 The first known animated projection on a screen Created in France by Charles-mile Reynaud He projected the first animation in public, Pauvre Pierrot
Humorous Phases of Funny Faces 1906 First entirely animated film Created by J. Stuart Blackton
Little Nemo Winsor McCay is the first to use a process called Keyframe Animation in his film Little Nemo
Gertie the Dinosaur 1914 Another film by McCay First film to combine live action footage with hand drawn animation
Felix the cat 1919 First appears as a silent comedy Drawn and animated by Otto Mesmer
Steamboat Willie 1928 The first Disney cartoon is released which features synchronised sound effects
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs 1937 The first ever cel-animated full length, full- colour feature is released by Disney
Huckleberry Hound 1958 Hanna Barbera released Huckleberry Hound A blue dog with a relaxed and sweet personality
Star Trek 2 The Wrath of Khan 1980 First film to use Fractal-Generated Landscapes in its Genesis Effect scene
Jurrasic Park 1993 Directed by Steven Spielberg The film uses animatronics and CGI to create realistic looking dinosaurs
Toy Story 1995 Directed by John Lasseter Released by Disney Pixar First ever full-length CG feature film First theatrical film produced by Pixar
Final Fantasy: the Spirits Within 2001 By Hironobu Sakaguchi The film is the first to attempt photo-realistic synthetic humans in CG
AVATAR 2009 James Camarons Avatar is released by 20th Century Fox New camera technology is utilised which allows the live acting and motion capture to be viewed superimposed with CG in real time
History of Indian animation YEAR ANIMATION FILM DIRECTED BY 1974 Ek Anek Aur Ekta Vijaya Mulay 1986 Ghayab Aya Suddhasattwa Basu 1992 Ramayana: The Legend of Prince Rama Yugo Sako and Ram Mohan 2005 Hanuman V.G. Samant
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History of Animation

  • 2. Animation Refers to the creation of a sequence of imagesdrawn, painted, or produced by other artistic methodsthat change over time to portray the illusion of motion.
  • 3. Paleolithic Period Paleolithic cave paintings Early attempts to convey motion Animals with multiple sets of legs in superimposed positions
  • 4. The Magic Lantern c. 1650 Consisted of a translucent oil painting, a simple lens and a candle or oil lamp Earliest known example of projected animation In a darkened room, the image would appear projected onto an adjacent flat surface
  • 5. Thaumatrope 1824 A small disk with different pictures on each side and is attached to two pieces of string When the strings are twirled quickly between the fingers, the pictures appear to combine into a single image
  • 6. Phenakistoscope 1831 It was invented simultaneously by the Belgian Joseph Plateau and the Austrian Simon von Stampfer A disk with a series of images The device would be placed in front of a mirror and spun
  • 7. Zoetrope 1834 The concept was suggested by William George Horner Cylindrical spinning device Frames of animation printed on a paper strip placed around the interior circumference
  • 8. Flip book 1868 John Barnes Linnett patented the first flip book in 1868 as the kineograph A small book with relatively springy pages, each having one in a series of animation images located near its unbound edge
  • 9. Praxinoscope 1877 The first known animated projection on a screen Created in France by Charles-mile Reynaud He projected the first animation in public, Pauvre Pierrot
  • 10. Humorous Phases of Funny Faces 1906 First entirely animated film Created by J. Stuart Blackton
  • 11. Little Nemo Winsor McCay is the first to use a process called Keyframe Animation in his film Little Nemo
  • 12. Gertie the Dinosaur 1914 Another film by McCay First film to combine live action footage with hand drawn animation
  • 13. Felix the cat 1919 First appears as a silent comedy Drawn and animated by Otto Mesmer
  • 14. Steamboat Willie 1928 The first Disney cartoon is released which features synchronised sound effects
  • 15. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs 1937 The first ever cel-animated full length, full- colour feature is released by Disney
  • 16. Huckleberry Hound 1958 Hanna Barbera released Huckleberry Hound A blue dog with a relaxed and sweet personality
  • 17. Star Trek 2 The Wrath of Khan 1980 First film to use Fractal-Generated Landscapes in its Genesis Effect scene
  • 18. Jurrasic Park 1993 Directed by Steven Spielberg The film uses animatronics and CGI to create realistic looking dinosaurs
  • 19. Toy Story 1995 Directed by John Lasseter Released by Disney Pixar First ever full-length CG feature film First theatrical film produced by Pixar
  • 20. Final Fantasy: the Spirits Within 2001 By Hironobu Sakaguchi The film is the first to attempt photo-realistic synthetic humans in CG
  • 21. AVATAR 2009 James Camarons Avatar is released by 20th Century Fox New camera technology is utilised which allows the live acting and motion capture to be viewed superimposed with CG in real time
  • 22. History of Indian animation YEAR ANIMATION FILM DIRECTED BY 1974 Ek Anek Aur Ekta Vijaya Mulay 1986 Ghayab Aya Suddhasattwa Basu 1992 Ramayana: The Legend of Prince Rama Yugo Sako and Ram Mohan 2005 Hanuman V.G. Samant