ICU Drips
1 like780 views
The document provides a detailed list of various medications, including their dosages, preparations, and administration guidelines. It covers inotropic agents like dopamine and dobutamine, vasopressors such as norepinephrine and phenylephrine, and other critical drugs like insulin and amiodarone. Key information includes recommended dosage ranges, precautions, and monitoring requirements for each medication.
1 of 1
Downloaded 10 times
Ad
Recommended
Norepinephrine
NorepinephrineMingMing Davis
油
Norepinephrine and epinephrine are stress hormones involved in the fight or flight response. Norepinephrine is released by neurons and the adrenal gland, while epinephrine is produced solely in the adrenal gland. Both play essential roles in stress responses, blood pressure, and metabolism. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that regulates mood, appetite, sleep, and cognitive functions. Imbalances in serotonin have been linked to depression, suicide, impulsivity, and aggressiveness.Atropine
AtropineGeetanjali Verma
油
Atropine is a naturally occurring anticholinergic that blocks the effects of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors. It is derived from plants like Atropa belladonna and Datura stramonium. Atropine has wide distribution in the body after absorption and is metabolized in the liver. It causes decreased secretions from glands, relaxes smooth muscles, increases heart rate, and can cause CNS stimulation in high doses. Adverse effects include dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention in elderly, and toxicity can cause hyperthermia and delirium. It is used for biliary colic, cystitis, pre-anesthesia, Parkinsonism, AV block, and urinary incontinNeostigmine - Mechanism of action, indications and side effects
Neostigmine - Mechanism of action, indications and side effectsMohammad saleh Moallem
油
Neostigmine is a medication used to treat myasthenia gravis and other conditions by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. This allows more acetylcholine to attach to receptors and improve muscle strength. It works by slowing the breakdown of acetylcholine at nerve endings. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and reduced heart rate. It is often given with atropine to prevent side effects from excess acetylcholine build up.Benzodiazepines
BenzodiazepinesAdonis Sfera, MD
油
This document discusses the mechanisms of action of benzodiazepines. It notes that benzodiazepines augment the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA at GABA-A receptors. They can be selective for different GABA receptor subunits involved in sleep, anxiety, or addiction. The hypnotic and anxiolytic effects of benzodiazepines are explained by their actions on GABA receptors in the amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamic regions involved in sleep/wake regulation. Adverse effects and issues with dependence and withdrawal are also covered. Novel approaches to anxiolytic drugs targeting GABA receptors without addiction liability are mentioned.Strychnine
StrychnineObydulla (Al Mamun)
油
Strychnine is a highly toxic alkaloid used primarily as a pesticide but is largely ineffective against rats due to their ability to avoid its bitter taste. It acts as a central nervous system stimulant, increasing reflex actions and respiratory rates, while also being used in small doses as an appetite stimulant and general tonic. Strychnine poisoning causes severe convulsions and can be fatal, with treatment focusing on preventing convulsions and supporting respiration.BENZODIAZEPINES.pptx
BENZODIAZEPINES.pptxHarrisonMbohe
油
Benzodiazepines work by binding to GABAA receptors, increasing the frequency that chloride channels open. This allows more chloride ions to enter neurons, making them less likely to fire. They are well-absorbed orally and bind strongly to plasma proteins. Hepatic metabolism and urinary excretion eliminate most benzodiazepines. Duration of action ranges from less than 5 hours to over 24 hours, determining each drug's uses. Benzodiazepines are effective for treating anxiety disorders, muscle spasms, inducing amnesia, seizures, and sleep disorders. Adverse effects include daytime drowsiness, ataxia, respiratory depression, lowered blood pressure, and paradoxical excitement.Drugs Of Abuse
Drugs Of AbuseRathnakar U P
油
This document summarizes various psychoactive drugs, their effects on the brain, and mechanisms of addiction. It discusses how drugs like caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, opioids, cocaine, amphetamines, cannabis, and benzodiazepines activate the brain's reward system and become reinforcing. Repeated use can lead to changes in the brain that result in tolerance, dependence, withdrawal, and compulsive drug seeking behavior. Treatment aims to manage cravings and withdrawal through tapering, replacement therapies, counseling, and support groups.Alcohol Poisoning
Alcohol PoisoningRachit Raj
油
The document discusses ethanol (ethyl alcohol) and its effects as an inebriant substance. It defines alcohol and its origins, describes its production and metabolism in the body, acute and chronic effects on health, signs of alcohol poisoning and withdrawal symptoms, and treatments for alcoholism. Alcohol acts as a depressant on the central nervous system and can cause intoxication, coma and death in high doses.Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)Sawsan Aboul-Fotouh
油
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are primarily used for treating depression, anxiety disorders, and certain eating disorders. They have various effects on sleep and sexual function, alongside potential adverse effects, such as increased suicide risk in children and teenagers. Notably, specific SSRIs like paroxetine can interact negatively with drugs like tamoxifen, reducing their effectiveness in treating hormone-positive breast cancer.Rodenticide Poisoning + Rat Killer paste poisoning management
Rodenticide Poisoning + Rat Killer paste poisoning managementVasif Mayan
油
The document describes a case of a 36-year-old male who was admitted with rodenticide poisoning after consuming yellow phosphorus. He experienced abdominal pain, vomiting, and altered liver function tests, necessitating treatment including IV fluids, N-acetylcysteine, and glutathione. Despite initial liver enzyme elevation, the patient improved with supportive care and was discharged with follow-up recommendations for liver and renal evaluation.Cannabis
CannabisFadzlina Zabri
油
This document discusses cannabis, its common preparations like marijuana and hashish, its medical and recreational uses, clinical effects of acute and chronic poisoning, and treatment and forensic importance. Cannabis is a dioecious plant containing the active compound THC. It is commonly smoked or consumed as bhang, ganja, or hashish. Acute poisoning can cause euphoria, appetite stimulation, and disorientation while chronic use is linked to amotivational syndrome and psychosis. Treatment involves gastric lavage, antipsychotics, and psychotherapy. Cannabis also has forensic importance as an illegal drug of abuse.Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Diabetic KetoacidosisCikbungazafieya Zawani
油
Diabetes is a condition where the body does not properly process glucose due to lack of insulin or insulin resistance. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) occurs when a lack of insulin causes the body to break down fat and produce ketones, leading to hyperglycemia, ketosis and acidosis. DKA treatment involves rehydration, insulin therapy to lower blood glucose and ketone levels, electrolyte replacement, and identifying/treating the precipitating cause. Complications can include infection, shock, thrombosis, pulmonary edema and cerebral edema. Prevention relies on education about sick day management to avoid DKA during illness.Methyl alchohol poisoning
Methyl alchohol poisoningvelspharmd
油
Methanol is metabolized in the body to formaldehyde and then formic acid. Formic acid is responsible for methanol toxicity and causes acidosis, tissue hypoxia, and circulatory failure. Symptoms of methanol poisoning range from mild like dizziness and headache to severe like metabolic acidosis, convulsions, coma, and respiratory failure. Treatment involves correcting acidosis with sodium bicarbonate, giving ethanol to compete with methanol metabolism, and removing formic acid through hemodialysis or folinic acid. A case study describes a 58-year-old man with a history of alcoholism who was found unconscious after consuming alcohol and developed seizures, metabolic acidosis, and died from respiratory depression and cardiac failureDrug Dependance
Drug DependanceAmol Deore
油
The document discusses drug dependence and addiction, delineating between physical and psychological dependence as well as drug habituation. Drug addiction is characterized by a strong compulsion to consume mood-altering substances, leading to both psychological and physical dependency, while drug habituation involves a lesser degree of psychological dependence without the physical aspects. The document further outlines the adverse medical effects associated with drug addiction and provides examples of commonly used and misused drugs.Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning
Aluminium Phosphide Poisoningautumnpianist
油
This document discusses the characteristics, mode of poisoning, symptoms, and medicolegal importance of aluminium phosphide, a widely used grain preservative. It highlights the severe health risks associated with ingestion and inhalation, including fatal doses and symptoms ranging from mild irritation to severe respiratory failure and cardiovascular complications. The document also covers post-mortem appearances and methods for detecting phosphine in poisoning cases.Skeletal muscle relaxant
Skeletal muscle relaxantSubramani Parasuraman
油
This document summarizes skeletal muscle relaxants. It describes both peripherally-acting and centrally-acting muscle relaxants. Peripherally-acting muscle relaxants include neuromuscular blocking agents like nondepolarizing (competitive) blockers and depolarizing blockers, which act at the neuromuscular junction. Centrally-acting muscle relaxants like baclofen, tizanidine and mephenesin derivatives act in the central nervous system to decrease muscle tone. The document discusses the mechanisms, uses and side effects of various muscle relaxant drugs.Organophosphate poisoning
Organophosphate poisoningNandinii Ramasenderan
油
This document discusses organophosphate poisoning. It begins by introducing organophosphates as a group of chemicals used in domestic and industrial settings that act as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. It then describes the chemical structure and mechanisms of organophosphates, their routes of entry into the body, and how they cause toxicity by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase. The document goes on to describe the clinical features, phases, and syndromes of organophosphate poisoning as well as their treatment, which involves stabilization, decontamination, administration of the antidotes atropine and pralidoxime, and supportive care.Pharmacokinetics
PharmacokineticsBikashAdhikari26
油
Pharmacokinetics is the quantitative study of how the body affects a drug after administration through processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Absorption involves a drug entering systemic circulation through various routes and is affected by properties of the drug and biological membranes. Distribution involves a drug passing through body compartments depending on its physicochemical properties. Metabolism chemically alters drugs in the liver to make them more excretable, while excretion removes drugs and metabolites through the kidneys, lungs, bile, intestines, skin, and other routes.Thrombolytics and Fibrinolytics
Thrombolytics and FibrinolyticsDr. Koppala R.V.S. Chaitanya
油
1) The document discusses various drugs used to treat clotting disorders including anticoagulants, antiplatelets, and thrombolytics. Anticoagulants prevent clotting while antiplatelets inhibit platelet aggregation. Thrombolytics dissolve existing clots.
2) Common anticoagulants discussed are heparin, warfarin, and newer oral anticoagulants that inhibit thrombin or Factor Xa. Thrombolytics discussed include streptokinase, urokinase, anistreplase, and tissue plasminogen activators like alteplase.
3) Thrombolytics work by activating plasminogen to form plasmin,Osmolar Gap
Osmolar GapJoel Topf
油
The document discusses various alcohols that can cause toxicity when ingested, including methanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, and mannitol. It provides details on their mechanisms of toxicity, clinical effects, indications for treatment including alcohol dehydrogenase inhibition or dialysis, and factors that determine their dialyzability. Lactic acid is also discussed and does not typically cause an osmolar gap.Dopamine
DopamineDrx Manoj
油
This document discusses dopamine receptors and their molecular pharmacology. It begins with an introduction to dopamine and its roles in disorders like Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. It then describes dopamine receptor structure, types, locations in the brain, and the pathways they regulate. The document outlines dopamine synthesis, degradation, and the therapeutic uses of dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists to treat conditions like Parkinson's and schizophrenia. It concludes with recent research on dopamine receptors.Non receptor mediated drug action
Non receptor mediated drug actionDr. PARUL PREETY
油
This document outlines the principles and mechanisms of non-receptor mediated drug action. It discusses how drugs can stimulate, depress, irritate or replace cellular activity. The main targets of drug action are enzymes, ion channels, transporters and receptors. Enzymes are proteins that catalyze reactions and drugs can induce, stimulate or inhibit enzymatic activity through various mechanisms like competitive or non-competitive inhibition. Ion channels facilitate ion flow across membranes while transporters control nutrient/toxin influx and efflux. The document provides examples to illustrate how drugs can act through these non-receptor mediated pathways.Cholinergic and Anticholinesterase drugs
Cholinergic and Anticholinesterase drugsSri Ramachandra Medical college and Research Institute
油
The document provides detailed information on the cholinergic system, including neurotransmitter acetylcholine (Ach) synthesis, release, and metabolism, as well as the classification and effects of cholinergic drugs. It discusses various cholinergic receptors and their physiological actions on different body systems, therapeutic uses of cholinesterase inhibitors, and the implications of organophosphate poisoning. Additionally, it describes the diagnosis and treatment options for conditions related to cholinergic activity, such as myasthenia gravis and poisoning instances.Treatment of dementia
Treatment of dementialaxmikant joshi
油
This document provides an overview of the treatment of dementia. It discusses the definition and classification of dementia, as well as the staging and types of dementia. It then describes the pathophysiology and management of dementia, including both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic approaches. Regarding pharmacologic management, it outlines three broad categories of treatment: symptomatic treatment of memory disturbance, disease-modifying treatments, and symptomatic treatment of behavioral disturbances. Specific drugs discussed in detail include cholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil, rivastigmine, and tacrine.Truth about-lsd-booklet-en
Truth about-lsd-booklet-ennipaalam
油
1. The document discusses the drug LSD, including its chemical makeup, common street names, effects, risks and history.
2. LSD is one of the most potent hallucinogenic drugs that can cause unpredictable and sometimes dangerous effects like distorted perceptions, flashbacks and psychosis.
3. The document warns that LSD can lead to addiction, depression, self-harm and other harms. It aims to provide facts about LSD to help people avoid its dangers.Drug dilution
Drug dilutionAizuddin Misro
油
This document provides instructions for preparing and administering several intravenous infusions and medications. It includes details on diluting medications to achieve the desired concentrations and infusion rates. Specific medications summarized include adrenaline, atropine, magnesium sulfate, aminophylline, amiodarone, dopamine, fentanyl, glyceryl trinitrate, hydralazine, isosorbide dinitrate, labetalol, midazolam, morphine, and noradrenaline infusions. Dilution volumes and rates are provided to achieve targeted dose ranges.Clonidine:The Wonder Drug- Most Misunderstood
Clonidine:The Wonder Drug- Most MisunderstoodProf. Mridul Panditrao
油
Clonidine is an 留2 adrenoceptor agonist used primarily for treating hypertension and managing withdrawal symptoms from opiates, alcohol, and tobacco, with additional uses in migraine prophylaxis and pain management. Its mechanisms include suppression of sympathetic outflow and analgesic effects mediated through various receptor interactions. Despite its therapeutic benefits, clonidine has potential adverse effects and requires careful monitoring during withdrawal and in patients with cardiovascular issues.Management of Opioid Analgesic Overdose
Management of Opioid Analgesic OverdoseSun Yai-Cheng
油
This document summarizes the management of opioid analgesic overdoses. It notes that opioid overdoses can have life-threatening effects on multiple organ systems. The duration of action varies between opioid formulations and an overdose can prolong intoxication. Prescriptions for opioid analgesics in the US increased 700% from 1997-2007. Opioid overdoses lead to over 27,500 health care facility admissions in 2010. Clinical signs of overdose include respiratory depression, apnea, miosis, and stupor. Naloxone is the antidote and works by reversing opioid receptor activity but has a shorter duration than many opioids. Higher and repeated naloxone doses may be needed for long-acting opioids likeInotropesfs
InotropesfsJijo G John
油
The document discusses various inotropic agents used to increase the force of cardiac muscle contractions. It describes three main classes of inotropes - cardiac glycosides like digoxin, sympathomimetics like dopamine and dobutamine, and phosphodiesterase inhibitors like amrinone. For each drug, it provides details on mechanisms of action, dosages, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects and nursing considerations. The document provides an in-depth review of inotropic drugs used clinically to enhance cardiac contractility and output.Inotropes
InotropesHasnie Adha
油
The document discusses various inotropic agents used to increase the force of cardiac muscle contractions including cardiac glycosides like digoxin, sympathomimetic drugs such as epinephrine, dopamine, and dobutamine, and phosphodiesterase inhibitors like amrinone. It provides details on the mechanisms of action, dosages, administration, and side effects of these different classes of inotropic drugs used to enhance cardiac contractility and output in patients with heart failure or shock.More Related Content
What's hot (20)
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)Sawsan Aboul-Fotouh
油
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are primarily used for treating depression, anxiety disorders, and certain eating disorders. They have various effects on sleep and sexual function, alongside potential adverse effects, such as increased suicide risk in children and teenagers. Notably, specific SSRIs like paroxetine can interact negatively with drugs like tamoxifen, reducing their effectiveness in treating hormone-positive breast cancer.Rodenticide Poisoning + Rat Killer paste poisoning management
Rodenticide Poisoning + Rat Killer paste poisoning managementVasif Mayan
油
The document describes a case of a 36-year-old male who was admitted with rodenticide poisoning after consuming yellow phosphorus. He experienced abdominal pain, vomiting, and altered liver function tests, necessitating treatment including IV fluids, N-acetylcysteine, and glutathione. Despite initial liver enzyme elevation, the patient improved with supportive care and was discharged with follow-up recommendations for liver and renal evaluation.Cannabis
CannabisFadzlina Zabri
油
This document discusses cannabis, its common preparations like marijuana and hashish, its medical and recreational uses, clinical effects of acute and chronic poisoning, and treatment and forensic importance. Cannabis is a dioecious plant containing the active compound THC. It is commonly smoked or consumed as bhang, ganja, or hashish. Acute poisoning can cause euphoria, appetite stimulation, and disorientation while chronic use is linked to amotivational syndrome and psychosis. Treatment involves gastric lavage, antipsychotics, and psychotherapy. Cannabis also has forensic importance as an illegal drug of abuse.Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Diabetic KetoacidosisCikbungazafieya Zawani
油
Diabetes is a condition where the body does not properly process glucose due to lack of insulin or insulin resistance. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) occurs when a lack of insulin causes the body to break down fat and produce ketones, leading to hyperglycemia, ketosis and acidosis. DKA treatment involves rehydration, insulin therapy to lower blood glucose and ketone levels, electrolyte replacement, and identifying/treating the precipitating cause. Complications can include infection, shock, thrombosis, pulmonary edema and cerebral edema. Prevention relies on education about sick day management to avoid DKA during illness.Methyl alchohol poisoning
Methyl alchohol poisoningvelspharmd
油
Methanol is metabolized in the body to formaldehyde and then formic acid. Formic acid is responsible for methanol toxicity and causes acidosis, tissue hypoxia, and circulatory failure. Symptoms of methanol poisoning range from mild like dizziness and headache to severe like metabolic acidosis, convulsions, coma, and respiratory failure. Treatment involves correcting acidosis with sodium bicarbonate, giving ethanol to compete with methanol metabolism, and removing formic acid through hemodialysis or folinic acid. A case study describes a 58-year-old man with a history of alcoholism who was found unconscious after consuming alcohol and developed seizures, metabolic acidosis, and died from respiratory depression and cardiac failureDrug Dependance
Drug DependanceAmol Deore
油
The document discusses drug dependence and addiction, delineating between physical and psychological dependence as well as drug habituation. Drug addiction is characterized by a strong compulsion to consume mood-altering substances, leading to both psychological and physical dependency, while drug habituation involves a lesser degree of psychological dependence without the physical aspects. The document further outlines the adverse medical effects associated with drug addiction and provides examples of commonly used and misused drugs.Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning
Aluminium Phosphide Poisoningautumnpianist
油
This document discusses the characteristics, mode of poisoning, symptoms, and medicolegal importance of aluminium phosphide, a widely used grain preservative. It highlights the severe health risks associated with ingestion and inhalation, including fatal doses and symptoms ranging from mild irritation to severe respiratory failure and cardiovascular complications. The document also covers post-mortem appearances and methods for detecting phosphine in poisoning cases.Skeletal muscle relaxant
Skeletal muscle relaxantSubramani Parasuraman
油
This document summarizes skeletal muscle relaxants. It describes both peripherally-acting and centrally-acting muscle relaxants. Peripherally-acting muscle relaxants include neuromuscular blocking agents like nondepolarizing (competitive) blockers and depolarizing blockers, which act at the neuromuscular junction. Centrally-acting muscle relaxants like baclofen, tizanidine and mephenesin derivatives act in the central nervous system to decrease muscle tone. The document discusses the mechanisms, uses and side effects of various muscle relaxant drugs.Organophosphate poisoning
Organophosphate poisoningNandinii Ramasenderan
油
This document discusses organophosphate poisoning. It begins by introducing organophosphates as a group of chemicals used in domestic and industrial settings that act as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. It then describes the chemical structure and mechanisms of organophosphates, their routes of entry into the body, and how they cause toxicity by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase. The document goes on to describe the clinical features, phases, and syndromes of organophosphate poisoning as well as their treatment, which involves stabilization, decontamination, administration of the antidotes atropine and pralidoxime, and supportive care.Pharmacokinetics
PharmacokineticsBikashAdhikari26
油
Pharmacokinetics is the quantitative study of how the body affects a drug after administration through processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Absorption involves a drug entering systemic circulation through various routes and is affected by properties of the drug and biological membranes. Distribution involves a drug passing through body compartments depending on its physicochemical properties. Metabolism chemically alters drugs in the liver to make them more excretable, while excretion removes drugs and metabolites through the kidneys, lungs, bile, intestines, skin, and other routes.Thrombolytics and Fibrinolytics
Thrombolytics and FibrinolyticsDr. Koppala R.V.S. Chaitanya
油
1) The document discusses various drugs used to treat clotting disorders including anticoagulants, antiplatelets, and thrombolytics. Anticoagulants prevent clotting while antiplatelets inhibit platelet aggregation. Thrombolytics dissolve existing clots.
2) Common anticoagulants discussed are heparin, warfarin, and newer oral anticoagulants that inhibit thrombin or Factor Xa. Thrombolytics discussed include streptokinase, urokinase, anistreplase, and tissue plasminogen activators like alteplase.
3) Thrombolytics work by activating plasminogen to form plasmin,Osmolar Gap
Osmolar GapJoel Topf
油
The document discusses various alcohols that can cause toxicity when ingested, including methanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, and mannitol. It provides details on their mechanisms of toxicity, clinical effects, indications for treatment including alcohol dehydrogenase inhibition or dialysis, and factors that determine their dialyzability. Lactic acid is also discussed and does not typically cause an osmolar gap.Dopamine
DopamineDrx Manoj
油
This document discusses dopamine receptors and their molecular pharmacology. It begins with an introduction to dopamine and its roles in disorders like Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. It then describes dopamine receptor structure, types, locations in the brain, and the pathways they regulate. The document outlines dopamine synthesis, degradation, and the therapeutic uses of dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists to treat conditions like Parkinson's and schizophrenia. It concludes with recent research on dopamine receptors.Non receptor mediated drug action
Non receptor mediated drug actionDr. PARUL PREETY
油
This document outlines the principles and mechanisms of non-receptor mediated drug action. It discusses how drugs can stimulate, depress, irritate or replace cellular activity. The main targets of drug action are enzymes, ion channels, transporters and receptors. Enzymes are proteins that catalyze reactions and drugs can induce, stimulate or inhibit enzymatic activity through various mechanisms like competitive or non-competitive inhibition. Ion channels facilitate ion flow across membranes while transporters control nutrient/toxin influx and efflux. The document provides examples to illustrate how drugs can act through these non-receptor mediated pathways.Cholinergic and Anticholinesterase drugs
Cholinergic and Anticholinesterase drugsSri Ramachandra Medical college and Research Institute
油
The document provides detailed information on the cholinergic system, including neurotransmitter acetylcholine (Ach) synthesis, release, and metabolism, as well as the classification and effects of cholinergic drugs. It discusses various cholinergic receptors and their physiological actions on different body systems, therapeutic uses of cholinesterase inhibitors, and the implications of organophosphate poisoning. Additionally, it describes the diagnosis and treatment options for conditions related to cholinergic activity, such as myasthenia gravis and poisoning instances.Treatment of dementia
Treatment of dementialaxmikant joshi
油
This document provides an overview of the treatment of dementia. It discusses the definition and classification of dementia, as well as the staging and types of dementia. It then describes the pathophysiology and management of dementia, including both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic approaches. Regarding pharmacologic management, it outlines three broad categories of treatment: symptomatic treatment of memory disturbance, disease-modifying treatments, and symptomatic treatment of behavioral disturbances. Specific drugs discussed in detail include cholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil, rivastigmine, and tacrine.Truth about-lsd-booklet-en
Truth about-lsd-booklet-ennipaalam
油
1. The document discusses the drug LSD, including its chemical makeup, common street names, effects, risks and history.
2. LSD is one of the most potent hallucinogenic drugs that can cause unpredictable and sometimes dangerous effects like distorted perceptions, flashbacks and psychosis.
3. The document warns that LSD can lead to addiction, depression, self-harm and other harms. It aims to provide facts about LSD to help people avoid its dangers.Drug dilution
Drug dilutionAizuddin Misro
油
This document provides instructions for preparing and administering several intravenous infusions and medications. It includes details on diluting medications to achieve the desired concentrations and infusion rates. Specific medications summarized include adrenaline, atropine, magnesium sulfate, aminophylline, amiodarone, dopamine, fentanyl, glyceryl trinitrate, hydralazine, isosorbide dinitrate, labetalol, midazolam, morphine, and noradrenaline infusions. Dilution volumes and rates are provided to achieve targeted dose ranges.Clonidine:The Wonder Drug- Most Misunderstood
Clonidine:The Wonder Drug- Most MisunderstoodProf. Mridul Panditrao
油
Clonidine is an 留2 adrenoceptor agonist used primarily for treating hypertension and managing withdrawal symptoms from opiates, alcohol, and tobacco, with additional uses in migraine prophylaxis and pain management. Its mechanisms include suppression of sympathetic outflow and analgesic effects mediated through various receptor interactions. Despite its therapeutic benefits, clonidine has potential adverse effects and requires careful monitoring during withdrawal and in patients with cardiovascular issues.Management of Opioid Analgesic Overdose
Management of Opioid Analgesic OverdoseSun Yai-Cheng
油
This document summarizes the management of opioid analgesic overdoses. It notes that opioid overdoses can have life-threatening effects on multiple organ systems. The duration of action varies between opioid formulations and an overdose can prolong intoxication. Prescriptions for opioid analgesics in the US increased 700% from 1997-2007. Opioid overdoses lead to over 27,500 health care facility admissions in 2010. Clinical signs of overdose include respiratory depression, apnea, miosis, and stupor. Naloxone is the antidote and works by reversing opioid receptor activity but has a shorter duration than many opioids. Higher and repeated naloxone doses may be needed for long-acting opioids likeSimilar to ICU Drips (20)
Inotropesfs
InotropesfsJijo G John
油
The document discusses various inotropic agents used to increase the force of cardiac muscle contractions. It describes three main classes of inotropes - cardiac glycosides like digoxin, sympathomimetics like dopamine and dobutamine, and phosphodiesterase inhibitors like amrinone. For each drug, it provides details on mechanisms of action, dosages, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects and nursing considerations. The document provides an in-depth review of inotropic drugs used clinically to enhance cardiac contractility and output.Inotropes
InotropesHasnie Adha
油
The document discusses various inotropic agents used to increase the force of cardiac muscle contractions including cardiac glycosides like digoxin, sympathomimetic drugs such as epinephrine, dopamine, and dobutamine, and phosphodiesterase inhibitors like amrinone. It provides details on the mechanisms of action, dosages, administration, and side effects of these different classes of inotropic drugs used to enhance cardiac contractility and output in patients with heart failure or shock.Pharmacology of Dopamine
Pharmacology of DopamineAdhavanManickasamy
油
Dopamine is a sympathomimetic amine used to treat low blood pressure and cardiac issues. It works by stimulating different receptor types in a dose-dependent manner. Low doses (2-5 ug/kg/min) dilate blood vessels and increase kidney function. Moderate doses (5-10 ug/kg/min) increase heart rate and function. High doses (10-20 ug/kg/min) cause vasoconstriction and raise blood pressure. Dopamine is administered intravenously and has a short half-life of 2 minutes. It can cause side effects like nausea, arrhythmias, and toxicity at high doses.Vasopressors
VasopressorsAftab Hussain
油
Vasopressors are drugs that increase blood pressure by inducing vasoconstriction and are indicated for significant hypotension or end-organ dysfunction due to hypoperfusion. Various catecholamines, both natural (like epinephrine and norepinephrine) and synthetic (such as dobutamine), have distinct effects based on their receptor activity and dosage. Clinical applications include managing shock and heart failure, with careful monitoring required to prevent adverse effects such as arrhythmias and tissue necrosis.inotropes
inotropesAbhay
油
This document discusses various inotropic agents used to increase the contractility of the heart. It describes the mechanisms and indications for commonly used inotropes including digitalis glycosides like digoxin, sympathomimetics like dopamine and dobutamine, and phosphodiesterase inhibitors like amrinone. It provides dosing guidelines and lists potential adverse effects and nursing considerations for each type of inotrope.Inotropes
InotropesJohny Wilbert
油
This document discusses various inotropic drugs used to increase the contractility of the heart. It describes the mechanisms and indications for commonly used inotropes like dobutamine, dopamine, epinephrine, milrinone and digoxin. Precise dosing guidelines and dilution methods are provided for each drug. Potential side effects and nursing considerations are also summarized for safe administration of inotropic therapy.inotropes.pptx required for increasing bp in case of hypotension
inotropes.pptx required for increasing bp in case of hypotensionbintekhalid8
油
dopamine
dobutamine
norpineDrugs in pediatrics 2018 feb update ..pptx
Drugs in pediatrics 2018 feb update ..pptxMedicalSuperintenden19
油
The document lists various life-saving drugs and their classifications, pharmacology, indications, dosages, side effects, and contraindications, focusing on adrenergic and sympathomimetic agents. It provides detailed information on dosing and administration routes for critical situations such as cardiac emergencies, respiratory issues, and hypertensive crises. Additionally, the document emphasizes the mechanisms of action for these drugs, particularly in relation to their adrenergic receptor interactions and effects on blood pressure.A hint about inotropes and vasopressors
A hint about inotropes and vasopressorsAmr Moustafa Kamel
油
The document defines important terms related to vasoactive drugs and their mechanisms of action. It discusses inotropes, vasopressors, cardiac output, stroke volume, mean arterial pressure, and circulatory shock. It also describes receptors like alpha-1, beta-1, and dopamine D1 receptors. The document provides guidelines for rational use of vasoactive drugs including starting dose, titration, monitoring, and correcting electrolyte imbalances. It also provides methods for calculating dosages of drugs like adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine.Emergency Medicine
Emergency Medicine SMS MEDICAL COLLEGE
油
This document provides a list and overview of emergency drugs used to treat various medical conditions. It discusses the use of oxygen, drugs for cardiac disorders like nitroglycerin and morphine sulfate, antiarrhythmics like adenosine and lidocaine, drugs that increase intracranial pressure like mannitol, treatments for poisoning like naloxone and atropine, vasopressors for shock like epinephrine and dopamine, treatments for anaphylactic shock like albuterol and diphenhydramine, antihypertensives for crisis like labetalol and sodium nitroprusside, loop diuretics like furosemide, antiplatelets like aspirin, and anticoDopamine & dobutamine
Dopamine & dobutamineDrVishal Kandhway
油
Dopamine and dobutamine are endogenous catecholamines used to increase cardiac output and blood pressure. Dopamine acts through dopamine, adrenergic, and beta receptors. At low doses it increases renal blood flow but at higher doses causes vasoconstriction. Dobutamine is a synthetic catecholamine that directly stimulates beta receptors, increasing contractility and output while causing vasodilation. Both are given by continuous IV infusion and used to treat shock, heart failure, and hypotension. Side effects include arrhythmias for dopamine and hypertension for both.Inotropes by elza
Inotropes by elzaElza Emmannual
油
This document summarizes various inotropic drugs used to increase cardiac contractility including cardiac glycosides like digoxin, catecholamines like dopamine and dobutamine, phosphodiesterase inhibitors like milrinone, and calcium sensitizers like levosimendan. It provides details on their mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, uses, dosages, and side effects. The document focuses on the inotropic and hemodynamic effects of these drugs and their roles in treating low cardiac output states and heart failure.ICU DRUGS.pptx
ICU DRUGS.pptxhemrajsingh53
油
The document provides detailed information on various high-risk medications used in ICU settings, including their dosage ranges, uses, storage requirements, and precautions. Key medications discussed include atracurium, diazepam, diltiazem, dobutamine, dopamine, enoxaparin, heparin, insulin, labetalol, and lignocaine. Each entry outlines specific guidelines for administration, monitoring, and critical contraindications to ensure patient safety.Quick reference paramedic drugs
Quick reference paramedic drugsMackenzie yancy
油
This document provides quick reference information on commonly used paramedic drugs, including their classification, indications, contraindications, side effects, dosages and administration routes. It summarizes key details on 14 drugs: adenosine, amiodarone, aspirin, atropine, calcium chloride, diltiazem, dobutamine, dopamine, epinephrine 1:1000 and 1:10,000, furosemide, heparin, lidocaine, norepinephrine, and magnesium sulfate. The summary focuses on the intended uses and important safety considerations for each medication.IONOTROPES.pptx
IONOTROPES.pptxAadhi55
油
1. This document discusses various ionotropic drugs including epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, isoproterenol, dobutamine, ephedrine, and phenylephrine. It details their receptor activity, uses, dosages, and mechanisms of action in increasing cardiac contractility and blood pressure.
2. The document also covers digoxin, a cardiac glycoside that increases intracellular calcium levels to have an ionotropic effect. It is extracted from foxglove and has a narrow therapeutic index. Signs of digoxin toxicity and treatment options are provided.
3. In summary, the document reviews adrenergic receptor agonists and digoxin, describing their clinical uses, dosdrug book in critical care nursing .docx
drug book in critical care nursing .docxPGIMS Rohtak
油
The document details information on several adrenergic drugs, including adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, dobutamine, and adenosine, encompassing their classifications, actions, therapeutic outcomes, uses, contraindications, dosages, administration methods, and potential adverse effects. It emphasizes nursing considerations such as monitoring vital functions and understanding drug interactions. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of each drug are also summarized, indicating how they are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted.Inotropic agents, or inotropes, are medicines that change the force of your h...
Inotropic agents, or inotropes, are medicines that change the force of your h...jagan _jaggi
油
Inotropes are agents that modify the strength of heart muscle contractions, classified as positive or negative based on their effects on myocardial contractility. Positive inotropes boost heart function in conditions like heart failure, while negative inotropes are used to reduce cardiac workload, albeit with potential risks such as arrhythmias and myocardial ischemia. Monitoring and careful management are essential during the use of these medications to optimize their benefits and mitigate risks.Inotropes and vasopressors
Inotropes and vasopressorsDucNguyen1982
油
1. This document discusses various inotropes and vasopressors used to treat shock states including dobutamine, dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.
2. It provides guidelines on administering these drugs including desired dose ranges, how to calculate infusion rates, and examples of calculating dobutamine infusion rates.
3. The document also matches different shock states, such as septic shock, cardiogenic shock, and hemorrhagic shock, with recommended first-tier and second-tier drug treatments.RESUSCITATION DRUGS.pptx
RESUSCITATION DRUGS.pptxsasikumar822829
油
This document summarizes several drugs used for resuscitation during cardiac arrest and emergencies. It describes the mechanisms, indications, dosages and potential adverse effects of epinephrine, amiodarone, lidocaine, magnesium, atropine, calcium, sodium bicarbonate, vasopressin, dopamine, norepinephrine, phenylephrine, angiotensin II, dobutamine, and milrinone. It also provides guidance on treating hypokalemia and potassium administration. The drugs covered work via different mechanisms to treat cardiac arrest, arrhythmias, shock, and low blood pressure. Careful titration and monitoring for side effects is important when using these powerful resuscitation medications.Emergency medicines
Emergency medicinesSadia Shabbir
油
This document summarizes emergency medicines including adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, propranolol, atropine sulfate, neostigmine, hydrocortisone, aminophylline, morphine, pethidine, diazepam, chlorpheniramine maleate, insulin, sodium bicarbonate, frusemide, mannitol, potassium chloride, and calcium gluconate. For each medicine, it provides information on dose, indications for use, and potential adverse reactions. The document is intended as a reference for appropriate and safe administration of these emergency medications.Ad
Recently uploaded (20)
Air Pollution, air quality index, Nepal air pollution
Air Pollution, air quality index, Nepal air pollutionDr. Anu Marhatta
油
This presentation slides is only for educational purposes. From Preservation To Regeneration--The Stem Cell Era of Hair Restoration_DrAl...
From Preservation To Regeneration--The Stem Cell Era of Hair Restoration_DrAl...Alan Bauman
油
How can the latest in Regenerative Medicine help those suffering from hair loss? Cell Surgical Conference 2025 featured Dr Alan Bauman as a faculty member once again to discuss all things related to hair loss, hair transplantation and the use of regenerative stem cell therapies for hair restoration. KERATOCONUS- CLINICAL TOPIC PRESENTATION
KERATOCONUS- CLINICAL TOPIC PRESENTATIONDrSanjanaBhandari
油
Keratoconus clinical profile, diagnosis and managementnanoparticle and liposomes ppt .(NTDS)pdf
nanoparticle and liposomes ppt .(NTDS)pdfsiddhikalbande
油
Nanoparticles and liposomes are advanced carriers used for targeted drug delivery.
Nanoparticles enhance drug effectiveness by directing treatment to specific sites.
Liposomes are biocompatible vesicles that enable controlled and sustained drug release.Global Harmonization Task Force (GHTF) and International Medical Device Regul...
Global Harmonization Task Force (GHTF) and International Medical Device Regul...Arpan Das
油
The Global Harmonization Task Force (GHTF) was a partnership between regulatory authorities and the medical device industry.油It was established in 1992 to improve patient safety and increase access to medical technologies.
The GHTF was replaced by the International Medical Devices Regulators Forum (IMDRF) in 2012. These devices vary widely in type and are highly essential for patients care, their manufacture, distribution, and sale must be regulated to ensure their quality, safety,油and油efficacy.Tuberculosis burden , case finding tools and management .pptx
Tuberculosis burden , case finding tools and management .pptxDr. Anu Marhatta
油
This presentation is for educational purposes only. JUNE 2025 ONCOLOGY CARTOONS BY DR KANHU CHARAN PATRO
JUNE 2025 ONCOLOGY CARTOONS BY DR KANHU CHARAN PATROKanhu Charan
油
JUNE 2025 ONCOLOGY CARTOONS BY DR KANHU CHARAN PATROELECTROMYOGRAPHY.pptX by GOKULAKRISHNAN.
ELECTROMYOGRAPHY.pptX by GOKULAKRISHNAN.GOKULAKRISHNAN JANARTHANAN
油
Electromyography is basically the study of motor unit activity.
In electromyography, the study of the electrical activity of contracting muscle provides information concerning the structure and function of the motor units.
Moving the Efficacy Needle With Immunotherapy in Melanoma: Modern Standards a...
Moving the Efficacy Needle With Immunotherapy in Melanoma: Modern Standards a...PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education
油
Chair and Presenter, Hussein Tawbi, MD, PhD, Prof. Paolo Antonio Ascierto, MD, and Isabella C. Glitza Oliva, MD, PhD, discuss melanoma in this CME/MOC/AAPA/IPCE activity titled Moving the Efficacy NeedleWith Immunotherapy in Melanoma: Modern Standards and Next-Gen Strategies in Resectable and Unresectable Disease. For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC/AAPA/IPCE information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3S0Ihc6. CME/MOC/AAPA/IPCE credit will be available until June 30, 2026.Biography and Professional Career of Dr. Seth Eidemiller
Biography and Professional Career of Dr. Seth EidemillerDr. Seth Eidemiller
油
Dr. Seth A. Eidemiller is a board-certified emergency physician whose professional journey began on a fourth-generation dairy farm in Idaho. Early on, he gained experience through farming, wildfire suppression, and construction work, which gave him a strong foundation in practical skills and resilience. After completing degrees in International Studies and Spanish, he returned to Boise to fulfill the prerequisites for medical school and study laboratory sciences. He then attended the University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, and continued his training with a residency in emergency medicine in Fresno. Today, he serves as Vice Chair of the Chico Emergency Medicine Physician Group.Tonsil anatomy, diseases and treatment options
Tonsil anatomy, diseases and treatment optionsManu Babu
油
a brief decription of tonsil related pathologyBias, Cofounding Bias, Matching , Blinding
Bias, Cofounding Bias, Matching , BlindingDr. Anu Marhatta
油
The slide contains small sippets about the bias, confounding bias, and the ways by which we can remove them. Like by using the methods such as matching and blinding. This slide can be useful as a reference for students in MBBS. Winning GAMBITS Against AML: Guidance on Advances & Medical Breakthroughs wit...
Winning GAMBITS Against AML: Guidance on Advances & Medical Breakthroughs wit...PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education
油
Chair and Presenter, Naval Daver, MD, Jessica K. Altman, MD, and Ghayas Issa, MD, Alice S. Mims, MD, MSCR, discuss acute myeloid leukemia in this CME/MOC/AAPA/IPCE activity titled Winning GAMBITS Against AML: Guidance on Advances & Medical Breakthroughs with Innovative Targeted Strategies. For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC/AAPA/IPCE information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/42f1QCa. CME/MOC/AAPA/IPCE credit will be available until June 30, 2026.Alzheimers Disease Neuroradiology Case Conference: Mastering the New Frontie...
Alzheimers Disease Neuroradiology Case Conference: Mastering the New Frontie...PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education
油
Co-Chairs, Gloria Chiang, MD, and Ana M. Franceschi, MD, PhD, discuss Alzheimers disease in this CME/AAPA activity titled Alzheimers Disease Neuroradiology Case Conference: Mastering the New Frontier in Diagnosis and Treatment. For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/43CE1XA. CME/AAPA credit will be available until July 3, 2026.OUR SRS SBRT EXPERIENCE BY DR KANHU CHARAN PATRO
OUR SRS SBRT EXPERIENCE BY DR KANHU CHARAN PATROKanhu Charan
油
OUR SRS SBRT EXPERIENCE BY DR KANHU CHARAN PATROAn interesting case of facial Swelling in an autoimmune rheumatic disease Ahm...
An interesting case of facial Swelling in an autoimmune rheumatic disease Ahm...Internal medicine department, faculty of Medicine Beni-Suef University Egypt
油
An interesting case of facial Swelling in an autoimmune rheumatic disease Ahmed Yehia EGYSIR Conference Moving the Efficacy Needle With Immunotherapy in Melanoma: Modern Standards a...
Moving the Efficacy Needle With Immunotherapy in Melanoma: Modern Standards a...PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education
油
Winning GAMBITS Against AML: Guidance on Advances & Medical Breakthroughs wit...
Winning GAMBITS Against AML: Guidance on Advances & Medical Breakthroughs wit...PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education
油
Alzheimers Disease Neuroradiology Case Conference: Mastering the New Frontie...
Alzheimers Disease Neuroradiology Case Conference: Mastering the New Frontie...PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education
油
An interesting case of facial Swelling in an autoimmune rheumatic disease Ahm...
An interesting case of facial Swelling in an autoimmune rheumatic disease Ahm...Internal medicine department, faculty of Medicine Beni-Suef University Egypt
油
Ad
ICU Drips
- 1. Drug Dose Fluid To yield Usual Dose Range Other information Dopamine (Inotropin) 400 mg D5W 250ml 1.6 mg/ml 2 - 20 mcg/kg/min <3 mcg renal dose 1-3: renal >7 mcg begins to impair renal 5-10: inotropic circulation. 10-20:vasoconstrictor Sodium Nitroprusside (Nipride) 50 mg D5W 250ml 0.2mg/ml 200mcg/ml 0.5 - 8 mcg/kg/min 1) Protect from light 2) Monitor serum Thiocyanate levels if on drip greater than 3 days Dobutamine (dobutrex) 250 mg D5W 250ml 1 mg/ml 2.5 -10 mcg/kg/min Inotropic Agent Increases strength of contraction Epinephrine (Adrenelin) 2 mg D5W 250 ml 8 mcg/ml 1 - 10 mcg/min Large doses produce vasoconstriction Small doses produce vasodilation Norepinephrine (Levophed) 4 mg D5W 250ml 16 mcg/ml 2 -12 mcg/min May be titrated to higher doses Phenylephrine (Neosnyephrine) 80 mg D5W 250ml 320 mcg/ml 10 -20 mcg/kg/min Higher doses may be ordered Nitroglycerin (Tridil) 50 mg D5W 250 ml 200 mcg/ml 5 - 200 mcg/min Must be mixed in glass bottle & administered in special tubing Lidocaine (xylocaine) 2 Grams D5W 500 ml 4 mg/ml 1 - 4 mg/min Loading dose: 1 mg/kg up to 3 mg/kg Vasopressin (Pitressin) 20 IU 100ml NS 0.2 units/ml 0.2 - 0.4 units/min Must be aqueous pitressin Diltiazem (Cardizem) 125 mg D5W 100 ml qs to make 125ml volume 1 mg/ml 5 - 15 mg/ hr can also be used for atrial arrythmias & SVT Insulin 100 units NS 100ml 1 unit/ml Given based on Capillary Blood Glucose readings watch for hypoglycemia Amiodarone (Cordarone) 450 mg 250 ml 1.8 mg/ml 1 mg/min for 6 H @33 ml/hr then reduce to 0.5 mg/min @17 ml/hr watch for hypotension Nicardipine (Cardene) 50mg 250cc 0.2mg/ml 5mg/hr (25cc/hr) increase by 12.5cc/hr q 5-10 min up to max of 75cc/hr (15mg/hr) Hypotension, tachycardia