International human resource management (IHRM) refers to managing human resources across international boundaries. There are three main international human resource activities: procurement including planning and induction; allocation involving using resources among subsidiaries; and utilization maximizing skills and productivity. Countries are categorized as home where headquarters is located, host where subsidiaries are located, and third/other which are resource sources. There are three types of employees: home country nationals who are citizens of the headquarters country; host country nationals who are citizens of the subsidiary country; and third-country nationals who are citizens of neither headquarters nor subsidiary countries.