Impact and analysis of watershed management programme in karnataka
- 1. Impact and analysis of watershed management programmes in Karnataka. Thimmaiah M 1st Ph.D Dept.of Agronomy
- 3. Objectives 1. Optimum utilization of natural resources such as water, land, vegetation, etc 2. Employment facility 3. Efficient and equal distribution of resources 4. Community¡¯s living standard, food security, poverty alleviation, hygiene, etc. of the community 5. Unity, Integrity and harmony among villagers 6. Yield of Crop 7. Restoration of desert area 8. Maintenance of water table 9. Reclamation of wasteland 10. Recreation and Fishery Development
- 6. Karnataka has the highest proportion (79 %) of drought prone area among all major states in the country and in absolute terms it has the second largest area of dry land in the country after Rajasthan. Karnataka also has the second lowest (154.2 M ha M/Yr) replenishable ground water resources among major states after Rajasthan.
- 8. Watershed management programmes in Karnataka
- 11. Farm Pond
- 16. SUCCESS STORIES OF WATERSHED MANAGEMENT IN KARNATAKA
- 17. Bilagadde Watershed, Tq: Koppa, Dist: Chikamagalur Problem statement ¨C ? Topography was too much undulated and gullied area. ? Highly eroded, red clay loamy, lateritic soil, poor in moisture holding and plant nutrients. ? Acute drinking water problems during summer season. ? Deforestation and faulty agricultural practices were effecting the biodiversity. ? Unemployment of agricultural labours during non- agricultural season. ? Depleted ground water level. ? Low productivity.
- 18. Objectives & Methodology - ? To conserve and manage natural resources. ? Impounding run off water to recharge the ground water table and insitu moisture conservation. ? To achieve the objective of Integrated Watershed, the following activities were taken through community participation. ?Bunding ?Farm ponds ? Vented check dams ? Nala revitment. ? Agro-forestry & Afforestation ? Dry land horticulture
- 19. Farm Pond, Vented Check Dam and Nala Revitment
- 20. Farm Forestry and Dry land Horticulture
- 21. Result & Impact - ? Ground water level status : ? Ground water level was increased in various water sources like open/borewells and nala¡¯s flow became perennial. Ground water table in meters (Below ground level) Months Before treatment After treatment Jan 7.5 5.0 Feb 9.5 6.0 Mar 11.8 8.0 Apr 13.0 9.0 May 12.0 8.8 Jun 8.5 4.0 Jul 6.8 2.5 Aug 4.5 2.0 Sep 3.0 1.8 Oct 3.0 1.5 Nov 3.5 3.0 Dec 6.0 4.0 C H A N G E I N G R O U N D W A T E R L E V E L 1 4 1 2 1 0 8 6 4 2 0 M O N T H S G.W.L.INMr s B e f o r e w d d A f t e r w d d
- 22. Increase in cultivable area (Ha) seasons Before treatment After treatment waste land 300.0 280.0 Kharif 178.0 200.0 Rabi 14.0 30.0 Summer 8.0 29.0 Total 200.0 259 .0 C H A N G E I N C R O P P I N G P A T T E R N 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 S E A S O N seasons Bef or e wdd Af ter wdd
- 23. Crops Before treatment After treatment Vegetables 22 24 Zinger 24 30 Coffee 15 21 Pepper 9 10 Coconut 40 50 Paddy 30 34 Increase in crop yield (quintals per ha) CHANGE I N CROP YI ELD 10 0 40 30 20 60 50 Paddy vegetable Zinger Cof f e pepper Coconut / t ree Mango CR OP S Bef or e W.D A f t er W.D
- 24. A Success Story ¨C DDP H-2 in Hirehadgali, Tq: Hadagali, Dist: Bellary Problem statement ¨C ? Soil moisture & water availability was a constraint during pre project period. ? Due to lack of water harvesting structures, the run off was not efficiently utilised ? The dry land farming was predominantly practiced with uncertainity in crop yield. ? Migration of the community members Objectives & Methodology - ? Promoting alternative cropping system such as dry land horticulture to secure assured income ? Soil and moisture conservation measure like field bund, rubble check, bolder check, check dam and nala bunds were carried out.
- 25. Result & Impact - ? Farmer : Gurumurthy.P.M s/o Fakeeraswamy beneficiary of dry land horticulture could not get minimum returns from growing hybrid maize crop ? During 2007-08 under watershed programme, farmer was motivated to take up mango crop in 1 ha. of land. ? At present he is harvesting about 1000 to 1300 kgs, which resulted in enhance of Rs.20000 to Rs.26000 PAover earlier practice of growing hybrid maize crop. ? Double cropping of green gram, followed by cowpea was taken up which resulted in increased income.
- 26. Evaluation & Evidence - The change in the land use from hybrid maize to mango crop has harvested Rs.20000 to Rs.26000 PA. Replicability and Dissemination - ? The successful dry land horticulture practices has been disseminated to the neighboring areas ? Motivating farmers to take up less risky and more secured crop under dry land agriculture. ? The change in the land use practices and shift in the cropping pattern have been appreciated by the fellow farmers.
- 27. Institution & Capacity BuildingBaseline data Activities undertaken under IWMP projects sanctioned during 2009-10 Participatory Planning Participatory Implementation 27 28 29 27a 18 19 16 1 5 26 25 14 14a 42 34 32 33 35 31 30 36 37