�ݺ�ߣ

Akshad Veer
M.Sc.II
(Forensic Physics and
Ballistics)
Roll No.05

IED
crude improvised explosive devices
crude improvised explosive devices
nature is depends upon the ingenuity of the culprit
and on the availability of materials

Knowledge
of the builder
Ingenuity of
the builder
Skill of the
builder
Access to
nonexplosive
component
Access to
explosive

Combination
of open and
close: partially
hidden from
view
Close: whose
component are hidden
from view by the use of
an external container.
Example backpack,
suicide- bombing type
device latter bomb.
Open: whose
component can
be completely.

Improvised Explosive Devices(IED)

 Strings, paper, cloth, bottles, bulbs, tins,
torch covers, bamboo poles, coconut
shells, earthen pots and pipes.
 small size, weight less than a kilogram.
The terrorists have promoted new names
for IEDs:
Internal: pressure
Eternal: transportation

1. Military or commercial explosives.
2. Small -arms propellants.
3. Nitrate mixtures.
 Nitrates of ammonia, barium, potassium have been used
combination
4. Chlorate or permanganate mixtures.
 same way as nitrate mixtures,
 more disastrous results.
 used as initiators for fires and other explosives.
 For example, a mixture of potassium chlorate and
sugar catches fire immediately on coming into contact
with sulphuric acid.

5) highly inflammable organic liquids
 have excellent explosive properties.
 The famous (or infamous) Molotov cocktails
contain only petrol. explosion, in 2001, of the
World Trade Towers, New York

 They determine the nature and the nomenclature of the
bomb. Initiation devices utilize one of the following
sources of energy.
 Mechanical: fall, crushing, impact, friction.
 Shock: induced by other explosions.
 Heat: flame, steam, exhaust pipe emissions.
 Spark: flame, cinders.
 Chemicals: for example, sugar-chlorate-sulphuric acid
mixture.
 Miscellaneous: light, infra red rays, laser, ultrasound
waves.
 Electric current.

Throw-down:
 Explodes due to
initiation by the
impact on a sensitive
material kept inside.
 Suitable chlorate
mixture, fulminates
mixtures, other
chemical mixtures
 smallest effective
bomb
 Fuse Bombs :
 fitted with a safety fuse.
 ignited before using the
bomb.
 Fuse cord of convenient
length is used so that it
does not explode while
being thrown.
 Lighted fuse puts the
explosive charge on fire
and the device explodes.
 This is the easiest and
safest arrangement for
initiation.

One end of the wire of the circuit is
connected to the metallic needle of the
watch (usually the hour hand) and the
other end at the hour digit (or site).
When the hour-hand touches the digit or
the site the electric circuit is completed.
And activates the initiator which explodes
the explosive.
Suitcase bombs were usually time bomb

 Explosive chosen is so sensitive that it
explodes on rough handling.
 A friction sensitive explosive is placed at
possible tearing sites.
 tearing process explodes the letter bomb.
 miniature percussion cap (or detonator) and
spring operated hammer is placed in the
postal parcel.
 on opening the packet, strikes the cap and
explodes the explosive.

References
James T. Thurman ,Practical Bomb
Scene Investigation, Second Edition
B. R. Sharma, Firearm in Criminal
Investigation and Trials

�ݺ�ߣ

Improvised Explosive Devices(IED)

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