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Indian Classical Music.pptx

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Shreevats Iyer
Shreevats Iyer

This document provides an overview of Indian classical music, including Carnatic music from South India and Hindustani music from North India. It discusses the origins and development of both styles, rooted in ancient texts from 200 BC. The 18th century saw standardization of the styles and emergence of prominent musicians. Both styles use ragas and talas as the basis of melodic and rhythmic improvisation. A variety of instruments are used and both emphasize spiritual themes and the guru-shishya tradition of learning.

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INDIAN CLASSICAL MUSIC SPICES FOR THE WORLD OF MUSIC Shreevats Iyer
EXPLORING THE ORIGINS Carnatic Classical Music Roots from Natya Shastra by Bharata Muni around 200BC Traced in South India Bhakti Movement played crucial role for development of this style 18th Century Saints are the Trinity of Carnatic music who contributed to the systematization and popularization of the nomenclature: 1. Tyagaraja Bhagavathar 2. Muthuswami Dikshitar 3. Syama Sastri
EXPLORING THE ORIGINS Hindustani Classical Music Roots from the Vedic hymns and chants from 1500BC Traced in North Indian sub continent Persian & Islamic influences post 12th Century Bhakti movement influenced the development of ragas and talas 18th Century gave rise to the Gharana tradition that are prominent lineages with distinct style, repertoire & techniques viz. Gwalior, Agra, Jaipur, Kirana, Patiala, etc. Amir Khusro from 13th Century is considered the Father of Hindustani music Tansen from 16th Century and his discilples like Swami Haridas & Baiju Bawra play crucial role in carrying forward this legacy
FOUNDATION NOTES OR SWARAS Western Music notes Interval names ROOT/First note Minor 2nd Major 2nd Minor 3rd Major 3rd Perfect 4th Sharp 4th/Flat 5th/Tritone FIFTH Minor 6th Major 6th Minor 7th Major 7th
Indian Classical Music.pptx
Indian Classical Music.pptx
RAGA - SCALE Carnatic Music has 72 Melakarta or Root Ragas Devised by Vidwan Venkatamakhin in 1640 It uses over 700 Janya or derived ragas from the root ragas that has distinct characteristics and personality Hindustani Music has 10 prominent Thaats or Root ragas Devised by Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande in the late 19th century from the 32 Thaats that existed in the different Gharanas Today, Hindustani Music uses over 200 ragas offering unique palette of emotions
Indian Classical Music.pptx
Ionion - Bilawal Mixolydian Khamaj Dorian Kafee Aeolina Asawari Lydian Kalyan Phrygian Bhairavi Locrian Sohni(Hindustani) Hamsanandi
TALA TIME SIGNATURE A Cycle or Avartanam in Carnatic Music can be made of different Aksharas or Beats: 1. 3 beats Tishram Jati ( Ta Ki Ta ) 2. 4 beats Chatushram Jati ( Ta Ka Di Mi ) 3. 5 beats Gandam Jati ( Ta Ka Ta Ki Ta ) 4. 7 beats Mishram Jati ( Ta Ki Ta Ta Ka Di Mi ) 5. 9 beats Sangeeranam Jati ( Ta Ka Di Mi Ta Ka Ta Ki Ta) Sam or Tali (Clap) or Khali (wave) is denoted to understand one Cycle or Avartan in Hindustani Music: 1. Tin Taal 16 beats (4+4+4+4) 2. Jhoomra 14 beats (3+4+3+4) 3. Dhamar 14 beats (5+2+3+4) Also Deepchandi 4. Ek Taal 12 beats (2+2+2+2+2+2) 5. Jhap Taal 10 beats (2+3+2+3) 6. Keherwa 8 beats (4+4) 7. Rupak Taal 7 beats (3+2+2) 8. Dadra Taal 6 beats (3+3)
INSTRUMENTS - VADYAM Carnatic Instruments Veena Violin Mridangam Ghatam Flute Kanjira Hindustani Instruments Sitar Sarod Tabla Harmonium Bansuri Santoor
COMPOSITIONS CARNATIC MUSIC Ragam Tanam Pallavi Kriti Geetham, Varanam, Kirtanai, etc. HINDUSTANI MUSIC Alap Jor Jhala Bandish Khayal, Tumri, Ghazal, Dhrupad-Damar, etc.
MANODHARMA & BHAVA Both styles uses Improvisation techniques of MANODHARMA or the art of spontaneous creativity using self intelligence or intuition. - Carnatic Manodharma uses Niraval and SwaraKalpana - Hindustani Manodharma uses Taans and Sargam Both traditions evoke deep emotions and devotion through spiritual themes, love and longing for the divine Both traditions have and still follow the strong roots of Guru Shishya Parampara Both Carnatic & Hindustani Music are beyond just musical genres, they are embodiments of Indias rich cultural heritage with spiritual depth that continue to captivate and inspire global music lovers
QUESTIONS? Thank you for your attention!

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Indian Classical Music.pptx

  • 1. INDIAN CLASSICAL MUSIC SPICES FOR THE WORLD OF MUSIC Shreevats Iyer
  • 2. EXPLORING THE ORIGINS Carnatic Classical Music Roots from Natya Shastra by Bharata Muni around 200BC Traced in South India Bhakti Movement played crucial role for development of this style 18th Century Saints are the Trinity of Carnatic music who contributed to the systematization and popularization of the nomenclature: 1. Tyagaraja Bhagavathar 2. Muthuswami Dikshitar 3. Syama Sastri
  • 3. EXPLORING THE ORIGINS Hindustani Classical Music Roots from the Vedic hymns and chants from 1500BC Traced in North Indian sub continent Persian & Islamic influences post 12th Century Bhakti movement influenced the development of ragas and talas 18th Century gave rise to the Gharana tradition that are prominent lineages with distinct style, repertoire & techniques viz. Gwalior, Agra, Jaipur, Kirana, Patiala, etc. Amir Khusro from 13th Century is considered the Father of Hindustani music Tansen from 16th Century and his discilples like Swami Haridas & Baiju Bawra play crucial role in carrying forward this legacy
  • 4. FOUNDATION NOTES OR SWARAS Western Music notes Interval names ROOT/First note Minor 2nd Major 2nd Minor 3rd Major 3rd Perfect 4th Sharp 4th/Flat 5th/Tritone FIFTH Minor 6th Major 6th Minor 7th Major 7th
  • 7. RAGA - SCALE Carnatic Music has 72 Melakarta or Root Ragas Devised by Vidwan Venkatamakhin in 1640 It uses over 700 Janya or derived ragas from the root ragas that has distinct characteristics and personality Hindustani Music has 10 prominent Thaats or Root ragas Devised by Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande in the late 19th century from the 32 Thaats that existed in the different Gharanas Today, Hindustani Music uses over 200 ragas offering unique palette of emotions
  • 9. Ionion - Bilawal Mixolydian Khamaj Dorian Kafee Aeolina Asawari Lydian Kalyan Phrygian Bhairavi Locrian Sohni(Hindustani) Hamsanandi
  • 10. TALA TIME SIGNATURE A Cycle or Avartanam in Carnatic Music can be made of different Aksharas or Beats: 1. 3 beats Tishram Jati ( Ta Ki Ta ) 2. 4 beats Chatushram Jati ( Ta Ka Di Mi ) 3. 5 beats Gandam Jati ( Ta Ka Ta Ki Ta ) 4. 7 beats Mishram Jati ( Ta Ki Ta Ta Ka Di Mi ) 5. 9 beats Sangeeranam Jati ( Ta Ka Di Mi Ta Ka Ta Ki Ta) Sam or Tali (Clap) or Khali (wave) is denoted to understand one Cycle or Avartan in Hindustani Music: 1. Tin Taal 16 beats (4+4+4+4) 2. Jhoomra 14 beats (3+4+3+4) 3. Dhamar 14 beats (5+2+3+4) Also Deepchandi 4. Ek Taal 12 beats (2+2+2+2+2+2) 5. Jhap Taal 10 beats (2+3+2+3) 6. Keherwa 8 beats (4+4) 7. Rupak Taal 7 beats (3+2+2) 8. Dadra Taal 6 beats (3+3)
  • 11. INSTRUMENTS - VADYAM Carnatic Instruments Veena Violin Mridangam Ghatam Flute Kanjira Hindustani Instruments Sitar Sarod Tabla Harmonium Bansuri Santoor
  • 12. COMPOSITIONS CARNATIC MUSIC Ragam Tanam Pallavi Kriti Geetham, Varanam, Kirtanai, etc. HINDUSTANI MUSIC Alap Jor Jhala Bandish Khayal, Tumri, Ghazal, Dhrupad-Damar, etc.
  • 13. MANODHARMA & BHAVA Both styles uses Improvisation techniques of MANODHARMA or the art of spontaneous creativity using self intelligence or intuition. - Carnatic Manodharma uses Niraval and SwaraKalpana - Hindustani Manodharma uses Taans and Sargam Both traditions evoke deep emotions and devotion through spiritual themes, love and longing for the divine Both traditions have and still follow the strong roots of Guru Shishya Parampara Both Carnatic & Hindustani Music are beyond just musical genres, they are embodiments of Indias rich cultural heritage with spiritual depth that continue to captivate and inspire global music lovers
  • 14. QUESTIONS? Thank you for your attention!
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