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1st Year students from the department of Metallurgical Engineering
and Material Science (YTU)

6/26/2016
1st Year students from the department of Metallurgical
Engineering and Material Science (YTU)
2
1. Production of Tungsten Steel
2. Production of Steel Billets
3. Production of Bolts, Nuts and
Washers
4. Production of Steel Blade
5. Production of wire coils

To No.3 Steel Mill (Myaung
Taka)
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• Raw Material, Iron ore or recycled iron
cutting pieces are started to melt at 1538˚C
•Oxygen, Nitrogen, Argon are released as a
by product
• Calcium carbonate is precipitated
Formation of steel billets
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PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING STEEL BILLETS
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1. Collecting Raw Materials in an electric arc
furnace
2. Melting
3. Tapping in the ladle and refining the furnace
4. Transfer
5. Continuous Casting
6. Cutting
7. Cooling

 Raw Material: Scrap metal (by means of a
bucket or magnet)
 Scrap metal are put systematically and
methodically unless the furnace is destroyed.
1. COLLECTING RAW MATERIALS IN AN ELECTRIC
ARC FURNACE
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1st Year students from the department of Metallurgical Engineering and Material
Science (YTU)
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2. MELTING
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 Oxidation process
 Melting point at 1538˚C
 Need to heat till the temperature of 1620˚C
 Molten to get a liquid steel
 An electrical current is combined with
chemical energy to heat the scrap to a near
molten state.
 Forming slag as bubbles on top of the molten
steel is removed

3. REFINING THE FURNACE
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 When the molten steel is reached to 1620˚C,
the molten steel is poured into the ladle.
 The temperature and the chemistry are
adjusted not to freeze the molten steel.
 The gas, nitrogen and argon, and carbon,
silicon is inserted for its chemistry and quality
control.

What is Ladle?
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 Burnt magnesium carbon is the main
ingredient.
 The bricks need to seal with two layers.
 Between the bricks and the ladle, there must
be the poly.
 The molten liquid is very secretive through the
bricks it can harm the harm the ladle.
 Two holes at the bottom: one for the gases
and one for flowing the molten.
 Can use the one ladle for 30 times.

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Lateral View Top View

4. TRANSFER
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 The molten liquid steel in the ladle is carried
along by the crane to the continuous casting
machine.

5. CONTINUOUS CASTING
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 the ladle gate is opened and the molten
steel is allowed flow in a controlled matter
into a tundish.
 The tundish must be preheated between
900-1000˚C
 This steel flows into three billet
moulds. The steel billets are formed.

6. CUTTING AND COOLING
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 Molten hot steel billets are cut and cooled to
get the steel billets with the desired lengths by
the customers.
 It is cooled with chemical and water bath as
semi-product.
 125mmx125mmx12m(or)6m
 1.5 ton per billet

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Process of Manufacturingsteel billets

 Raw materials from steel billets
Usually diameter form between 5.5 mm to
8mm
Two kinds of wire: raw hard wire, galvanized
wire
Need to be descaled the billets before the
billets be ductile
Manufacturing wire and wire drawing
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PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING WIRE
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1. Wire Drawing
2. Cleaning
3. Patenting
4. Galvanising

1. WIRE DRAWING
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Science (YTU)
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 The billets are put through the wire drawing
machines
 Desired customized diameter is being
compressed through dies.

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2. CLEANING
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 Not the wire be corroded

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Science (YTU)
Caustic baths
• low concentration caustic solutions
• removes any wiredrawing soap residue from the previous
process plus any other contaminants or mild surface rust
Dilute
sulphuric acid
• Remove rust and scales
• Known as pickling process
• For 10minutes
Hot water
rinse
• removes any caustic carry over
Steam
cleaning
• clean which blasts off any final contaminants and flash
dries the wire
• ready to begin the annealing and coating phase
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4. GALVANIZING
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 To be galvanized, the cooled wire is passes
through the molten zinc bath between 430-
470°C.
 It passes through the ammonium chloride,
charcoal oil, engine oil solution for best
adhesion property.
 the excess zinc is removed by air blowing.
 Then they are coiled for each wire.

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WIRES DRAWN FROM GALVANIZING PROCESS
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RealismCartoon Picture

5. Shaping
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1st Year students from the department of
Metallurgical Engineering and Material Science
(YTU)

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(YTU)

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(YTU)

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6/26/20161st Year students from the department of Metallurgical Engineering and Material Science
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Four stages in one machine
1. Cutting
2. Threading
3. Heading
4. Trimming

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To prevent corrosion
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Machine Sand

two kinds of bolts: HSB, High tension
bolt and TSB, Torque shear bolt
 There two kinds of forming: cold
forming and hot forming
Washer be obtained from 35% of the
raw materials
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 There are four stages in hot and cold forming
of bolts:
1. Cutting
2. Forming
3. Heading
4. Marking
5. Trimming
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Formation of bolts
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Machine’s
description
Machine

Residual Chips
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 The stages
1. Cutting off
2. Forming 1
3. Forming 2
4. Forming 3
5. Forming 4
6. Forming 5
7. Before/ After Nut tapping

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 dfdff

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Galvanizing
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Formation of steel plates
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 Chemical Composition
 Shape and Design
 Dimension
 Hardness
 Tensile Strength
 Torque Testing
 Stress Vs. Strain
 Corrosion
 Wave
 Shearness, Crack
Quality Control
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Science (YTU)

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Special Thanks To
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References
 www.pacificsteel.com
 www.tenaris-steel.com
 www.madehow.com

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 May Pwint Phyu
 May Myat Thu
 Hsu Hsu Htet
 May Zin Thu
 Phue Myat Thaw
 Chaw Su Thet Htar
 Htet Thazin Zaw
 Cherry Wint
 Hlaing Yamin Oo
 Mya Phu Pwint Thit

�ݺ�ߣ

Industrial Excursion ( Yangon Division, Myanmar)

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