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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND ITS EFFECTS TO THE SOCIETY.ppt

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Leo Dizon
Leo Dizon

DESCRIBES THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION UNDER THE 20TH CENTURY

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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND ITS EFFECTS TO THE SOCIETY.ppt
Historical Significance of the Industrial Revolution An ancient Greek or Roman would have been just as comfortable in Europe in 1700 because daily life was not much different The Industrial Revolution changed human life drastically
What was the Industrial Revolution? The Industrial Revolution was a fundamental change in the way goods were produced from human labor to machines The more efficient means of production and subsequent higher levels of production triggered far-reaching changes to industrialized societies
The Industrial Revolution Machines were invented which replaced human labor New energy sources were developed to power the new machinery coal, steam, electricity, oil (gas, kerosene) Increased use of metals and minerals Aluminum, coal, copper, iron, etc.
The Industrial Revolution Transportation improved Ships Wooden ships Iron ships Steel ships Wind-powered sails Steam-powered boilers Trains Automobiles (late 1800s) Communication improved Telegraph Telephone Radio (1920s)
Developments Mass production of goods Increased numbers of goods Increased diversity of goods produced Development of factory system of production Rural-to-urban migration People left farms to work in cities Development of capitalism Financial capital for continued industrial growth Development and growth of new socio-economic classes Working class, bourgeoisie, and wealthy industrial class Commitment to research and development Investments in new technologies Industrial and governmental interest in promoting invention, the sciences, and overall industrial growth
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND ITS EFFECTS TO THE SOCIETY.ppt
Britain: Birthplace of the Industrial Revolution No concrete start date for the Industrial Revolution Marked by gradual, slow changes After 1750 these changes were noticeable first in Britain
Why the Industrial Revolution Started in Britain
Englands Resources: Colonies and Markets England had more colonies than any other nation (this is called imperialism) Its colonies gave England access to enormous markets and vast amounts of raw materials Colonies had rich textile industries for centuries Many of the natural cloths popular today, such as calico and gingham, were originally created in India China had a silk industry
The Textile Industry Textiles cloths or fabrics First industry to be industrialized Great Britain learned a lot about textiles from India and China
The Birth and Growth of the Textile Industry
The Birth and Growth of the Textile Industry
Development of Steam Engines Early water power involved mills built over fast-moving streams and rivers Early water power had problems Not enough rivers to provide the power needed to meet growing demand Rivers and streams might be far removed from raw materials, workers, and markets Rivers are prone to flooding and drying
Steam Engines By 1800, steam engines were replacing water wheels as sources of power for factories Factories relocated near raw materials, workers, and ports
Bessemer Process and Steel Prior to the Industrial Revolution, steel was difficult to produce and expensive Henry Bessemer, 1856 Developed the Bessemer process Brought on the Age of Steel Steel is the most important metal used over the past 150+ years
Transportation Before the Industrial Revolution Canal barges pulled by mules Ships powered by sails Horse-drawn wagons, carts, and carriages After the Industrial Revolution Trains Steamships Trolleys Automobiles
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND ITS EFFECTS TO THE SOCIETY.ppt
Agriculture and Industry The Industrial Revolution brought machinery to farms The use of farm machinery meant that fewer farm workers were needed Displaced farm workers moved to the cities to find work in factories This is called rural-to-urban migration Growing populations in urban cities required farmers to grow more crops Food to eat Raw materials (like cotton) for textile factories
The Spread of the Industrial Revolution Mid-1800s Great Britain, the world leader in the Industrial Revolution, attempted to ban the export of its methods and technologies, but this soon failed 1812 United States industrialized after the War of 1812 Circa 1870 Germany industrialized at a rapid pace, while Belgium, Holland, Italy, Sweden, and Switzerland were slower to industrialize By 1890 Russia and Japan began to industrialize
Transportation Railroads Industrialized nations first laid track in their own countries, then in their colonies and other areas under their political influence Russia Trans-Siberian railroad (1891-1905) Germany Berlin-to-Baghdad railroad across Europe to the Middle East Great Britain Cape-to-Cairo railroad vertically across Africa Canals Suez Canal (1869) provided access to the Indian Ocean from the Mediterranean Sea without the need to sail around Africa Kiel Canal (1896) North Sea connected to the Baltic Sea Panama Canal (1914) provided access from one side of the Americas to the other without the need to sail around the tip of South America
Transportation Automobiles Charles Goodyear vulcanized rubber, 1839 Gottlieb Daimler gasoline engine, 1885 Henry Ford assembly line, 1908-1915 Airplanes Orville and Wilbur Wright airplane, 1903 Charles Lindbergh first non-stop flight across the Atlantic, 1927 20th -century growth of commercial aviation
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND ITS EFFECTS TO THE SOCIETY.ppt
Results of the Industrial Revolution
Political Changes: Increased Power of Industrialized Nations With wealth came power Imperialism expanded Imperialistic, industrialized nations built up their navies to gain and protect assets
Political Changes: Rise to Power of Businesspeople Along with the working classes, businesspeople gained political rights Captains of industry or robber baron s along with financiers Wealth brought political influence
Social Changes: Increase in Leisure Time Labor-saving devices invented and produced Vacuum cleaners Washing machines Refrigerators Entrepreneurs and inventors developed new forms of entertainment Moving pictures Amusement parks Birth of the weekend Traditionally, Western nations had Sunday (the Christian day of rest) as the only day off from work
Social Changes: Problems Monotony of assembly lines and factory life Loss of craftsmanship in manufactured goods War became more deadly as weapons became more technologically advanced and were mass produced Economic insecurity workers relied entirely on their jobs to survive

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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND ITS EFFECTS TO THE SOCIETY.ppt

  • 2. Historical Significance of the Industrial Revolution An ancient Greek or Roman would have been just as comfortable in Europe in 1700 because daily life was not much different The Industrial Revolution changed human life drastically
  • 3. What was the Industrial Revolution? The Industrial Revolution was a fundamental change in the way goods were produced from human labor to machines The more efficient means of production and subsequent higher levels of production triggered far-reaching changes to industrialized societies
  • 4. The Industrial Revolution Machines were invented which replaced human labor New energy sources were developed to power the new machinery coal, steam, electricity, oil (gas, kerosene) Increased use of metals and minerals Aluminum, coal, copper, iron, etc.
  • 5. The Industrial Revolution Transportation improved Ships Wooden ships Iron ships Steel ships Wind-powered sails Steam-powered boilers Trains Automobiles (late 1800s) Communication improved Telegraph Telephone Radio (1920s)
  • 6. Developments Mass production of goods Increased numbers of goods Increased diversity of goods produced Development of factory system of production Rural-to-urban migration People left farms to work in cities Development of capitalism Financial capital for continued industrial growth Development and growth of new socio-economic classes Working class, bourgeoisie, and wealthy industrial class Commitment to research and development Investments in new technologies Industrial and governmental interest in promoting invention, the sciences, and overall industrial growth
  • 8. Britain: Birthplace of the Industrial Revolution No concrete start date for the Industrial Revolution Marked by gradual, slow changes After 1750 these changes were noticeable first in Britain
  • 9. Why the Industrial Revolution Started in Britain
  • 10. Englands Resources: Colonies and Markets England had more colonies than any other nation (this is called imperialism) Its colonies gave England access to enormous markets and vast amounts of raw materials Colonies had rich textile industries for centuries Many of the natural cloths popular today, such as calico and gingham, were originally created in India China had a silk industry
  • 11. The Textile Industry Textiles cloths or fabrics First industry to be industrialized Great Britain learned a lot about textiles from India and China
  • 12. The Birth and Growth of the Textile Industry
  • 13. The Birth and Growth of the Textile Industry
  • 14. Development of Steam Engines Early water power involved mills built over fast-moving streams and rivers Early water power had problems Not enough rivers to provide the power needed to meet growing demand Rivers and streams might be far removed from raw materials, workers, and markets Rivers are prone to flooding and drying
  • 15. Steam Engines By 1800, steam engines were replacing water wheels as sources of power for factories Factories relocated near raw materials, workers, and ports
  • 16. Bessemer Process and Steel Prior to the Industrial Revolution, steel was difficult to produce and expensive Henry Bessemer, 1856 Developed the Bessemer process Brought on the Age of Steel Steel is the most important metal used over the past 150+ years
  • 17. Transportation Before the Industrial Revolution Canal barges pulled by mules Ships powered by sails Horse-drawn wagons, carts, and carriages After the Industrial Revolution Trains Steamships Trolleys Automobiles
  • 19. Agriculture and Industry The Industrial Revolution brought machinery to farms The use of farm machinery meant that fewer farm workers were needed Displaced farm workers moved to the cities to find work in factories This is called rural-to-urban migration Growing populations in urban cities required farmers to grow more crops Food to eat Raw materials (like cotton) for textile factories
  • 20. The Spread of the Industrial Revolution Mid-1800s Great Britain, the world leader in the Industrial Revolution, attempted to ban the export of its methods and technologies, but this soon failed 1812 United States industrialized after the War of 1812 Circa 1870 Germany industrialized at a rapid pace, while Belgium, Holland, Italy, Sweden, and Switzerland were slower to industrialize By 1890 Russia and Japan began to industrialize
  • 21. Transportation Railroads Industrialized nations first laid track in their own countries, then in their colonies and other areas under their political influence Russia Trans-Siberian railroad (1891-1905) Germany Berlin-to-Baghdad railroad across Europe to the Middle East Great Britain Cape-to-Cairo railroad vertically across Africa Canals Suez Canal (1869) provided access to the Indian Ocean from the Mediterranean Sea without the need to sail around Africa Kiel Canal (1896) North Sea connected to the Baltic Sea Panama Canal (1914) provided access from one side of the Americas to the other without the need to sail around the tip of South America
  • 22. Transportation Automobiles Charles Goodyear vulcanized rubber, 1839 Gottlieb Daimler gasoline engine, 1885 Henry Ford assembly line, 1908-1915 Airplanes Orville and Wilbur Wright airplane, 1903 Charles Lindbergh first non-stop flight across the Atlantic, 1927 20th -century growth of commercial aviation
  • 24. Results of the Industrial Revolution
  • 25. Political Changes: Increased Power of Industrialized Nations With wealth came power Imperialism expanded Imperialistic, industrialized nations built up their navies to gain and protect assets
  • 26. Political Changes: Rise to Power of Businesspeople Along with the working classes, businesspeople gained political rights Captains of industry or robber baron s along with financiers Wealth brought political influence
  • 27. Social Changes: Increase in Leisure Time Labor-saving devices invented and produced Vacuum cleaners Washing machines Refrigerators Entrepreneurs and inventors developed new forms of entertainment Moving pictures Amusement parks Birth of the weekend Traditionally, Western nations had Sunday (the Christian day of rest) as the only day off from work
  • 28. Social Changes: Problems Monotony of assembly lines and factory life Loss of craftsmanship in manufactured goods War became more deadly as weapons became more technologically advanced and were mass produced Economic insecurity workers relied entirely on their jobs to survive

Editor's Notes

  • #1: The Industrial Revolution is often separated by historians into two distinct periods (1st and 2nd). They are separated due to the type of power used in each time period. For the sake of time, we are not going to focus as much on their differences, but on the progression of industry throughout the period from the 1700s-1914.
  • #3: What about the societies that did not industrialize?!?!
  • #27: Saturday was added (after the struggles of Jewish labor unionists) to accommodate the religious observances of Jewish factory workers (whose Sabbath, or Shabbat, runs from Friday at sundown to Saturday at sundown)
  • #28: In the earlier years of the industrial era, there was no such thing as insurance or disability (or welfare). You could be fired without reason whenever the employer wished.