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Infograph - India losing its hold over spices market - July 25 2016

Shenoy Karun
Shenoy Karun

This document lists major cities and ports involved in the historic spice trade routes. It then provides information about key spices and producing regions. Finally, it discusses how India's dominance in the global pepper trade has declined, with Vietnam now the top exporter of black pepper.

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SAMARKAND TREBIZOND ISLAHAN BAGHDAD CAIRO MECCA COCHIN MALACCA SURABAYA CALCUTTA HOOGHLY CANTON HANGCHOW EDO (TOKYO) FOOCHOW TRIPOLI TUNISLISBON LONDON VENICE HAMBURG MARSEILLE ALEXANDRIA PARIS ANTWERP GENOA CONSTANTINOPLE SAMARKAND CONSTANTINOPLE SURABAYA EUROPE Woolens, linen, metalware, silver, wine, horses, soap CHINA Silks, drugs, perfumes, porcelain, ginger CEYLON Cinnamon, precious stones, ivory EAST INDIES Spices, camphor OLD SPICE ROUTE Spice baron's Yale connection E lihu Yale, considered to be the 鍖rst-ever American millionaire, owes his wealth to spice trade. Yale, who had served as the governor of Fort St George in Madras, made his for- tune by dabbling in private business (spices and dia- monds). As he had given a collection of books and goods to build a col- lege in America, the college was named after him. Over the centuries, the college has grown into Yale University. INDIA Pepper, cottons, precious stones, sugar, dyestuffs 109NUMBER OF PLANT SPECIES LISTED BY THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (ISO), THAT ARE USED AS SPICES AND HERBS 52NUMBER OF SPICES BROUGHT UNDER THE PURVIEW OF SPICES BOARD, THE NODAL AGENCY FOR PROMOTION OF INDIAN SPICES ABROAD $ 12 BILLION SIZE OF GLOBAL SEASONING, HERBS AND SPICES INDUSTRY IN 2014 BLACK PEPPER WHITE PEPPER CARDAMOM TURMERIC CUMIN CHILLI GINGER CELERY SEED MUSTARD ANISEED ASAFOETIDA THYME CINNAMON TAMARIND TARRAGON DILL SEED FENNEL SEED FENUGREEK MACE NUTMEG RED PEPPER VANILLA SAFFRON ROSEMARY POPPY SEED GARLIC CURRY LEAF CLOVES LEMON GRASS CHIVES CORIANDER ONION OREGANO PARSLEY SHALLOTS STAR ANISE SZECHUAN PEPPER BAY LEAVES SAGE PAPRIKA SAVORY CARAWAY SEED CHERVIL BASIL MINT ALLSPICE ANCHO CHILE KOLA NUTS ARROWROOT MARJORAM MINT FLAKES TONGA MALAYSIA TAHITI INDONESIA SRI LANKA THAILAND VIETNAM CHINA SYRIATURKEYROMANIAGREECEPOLANDHUNGARY NETHERLANDS CROATIA FRANCE SPAIN CANADA US MEXICO GUATEMALA HONDURAS JAMAICA PERU GRENADA BRAZIL MOROCCO IVORY COAST NIGERIA ALBANIA PAKISTAN IRAN UGANDA MADAGASCAR SEYCHELLES COMOROS WORLD'S SPICE EXPORTERS A TWIST IN THE TRADEThe lure of an exotic dried seed from south India brought the rest of the world to Indian shores, shaped geo-politics for centuries and aided the formation of a global economy. The worlds love for black pepper & other Indian spices triggered wars, resulted in the discovery of sea routes and shaped the fortunes of towns. Now, Indias hold over the global spice trade is receding. In 2015- 16, Vietnam exported a whopping 133,569 tonnes of black pepper, while India managed only 28,100 tonnes, reports Shenoy Karun US 41% UK 8% NETHERLANDS 5% CANADA 3% FRANCE 2% GERMANY 6% ITALY 4% JAPAN 3% 2% AUSTRAILA 2% INDIA'S PEPPER EXPORT INDIA 843,255 Total export (Quantity in tonnes, FY16) 347,500 24,800 88,500 40,100 98,700 5,800 15,320 33,300 11,635 22,500 4,050 21,150 26,550 15,350 53,800 Pepper Cardamom (L) Ginger Coriander Celery Fenugreek Garlic Mint products Tamarind Cardamom (S) Chilli Turmeric Cumin Fennel Spice oils & oleoresins Nutmeg & mace Curry powder/Paste Other spices 133,569 SOURCE: IPC & INDUSTRY SOURCES 1,335 17,900 1985 1995 19,536 24,541 28,100 2015 PEPPER: VIETNAM RISES, INDIA FALLS INDIAN SPICE EXPORTS GUATEMALA JAMAICA GRENADA tonnes, FY16) 55 10,000 30,000 Serrano pepper | Pe- ter pepper | Chile de 叩rbol | Aleppo pepper | Chungyang Red Pepper | Peperoncino 8,55,000 22,00,000 Komodo Dragon Chili Pepper | Trinidad Moruga Scorpion | Naga Viper pepper | In鍖nity Chilli | Naga Morich | Bhut Jolokia (ghost pepper) | Trinidad Scorpion Butch T pepper | Bedfordshire Super Naga | Spanish Naga Chili | Carolina Reaper 3,50,000 5,80,000 Red Savina habanero 1,00,000 3,50,000 Habanero chili | Scotch bonnet pepper | Datil pepper | Rocoto | Madame Jeanette | Peruvian White Habanero | Jamaican hot pepper | Fatalii Wiri Wiri | Bird's eye chili 30,000 50,000 Guntur chilli | Cayenne pepper | Aj鱈 pepper | Tabasco pepper | Capsicum chinense 50,000 1,00,000 Byadgi chilli | Malagueta pepper | Chiltepin pepper | Piri piri | Pequin pep- per | Siling Labuyo | Capsicum Apache 1,000 3,500 Gochujang | Pasilla pep- per | Peppadew | poblano (or ancho) | Poblano verde | Rocotillo pepper | Espelette pepper 100 1,000 Banana pepper | Cubanelle | paprika | PimentoBell pepper 0 3,500 10,000 Guajillo pepper | Fresno pepper | Jala- pe単o | Hungarian wax pepper SCOVILLE SCALE THIS SCALE WAS DEVELOPED IN 1912 BY WILBUR SCOVILLE TO MEASURE THE PUNGENCY OF CHILLI PEPPERS (WHICH DOESNT INCLUDE BLACK PEPPER) *VALUES IN SCOVILLE HEAT UNITS INDIA VIETNAM 28,100 5,500 600 Graphics: Karthic R CAMEROON SOURCE: GOVERNMENT OF INDIA EGYPT

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Infograph - India losing its hold over spices market - July 25 2016

  • 1. SAMARKAND TREBIZOND ISLAHAN BAGHDAD CAIRO MECCA COCHIN MALACCA SURABAYA CALCUTTA HOOGHLY CANTON HANGCHOW EDO (TOKYO) FOOCHOW TRIPOLI TUNISLISBON LONDON VENICE HAMBURG MARSEILLE ALEXANDRIA PARIS ANTWERP GENOA CONSTANTINOPLE SAMARKAND CONSTANTINOPLE SURABAYA EUROPE Woolens, linen, metalware, silver, wine, horses, soap CHINA Silks, drugs, perfumes, porcelain, ginger CEYLON Cinnamon, precious stones, ivory EAST INDIES Spices, camphor OLD SPICE ROUTE Spice baron's Yale connection E lihu Yale, considered to be the 鍖rst-ever American millionaire, owes his wealth to spice trade. Yale, who had served as the governor of Fort St George in Madras, made his for- tune by dabbling in private business (spices and dia- monds). As he had given a collection of books and goods to build a col- lege in America, the college was named after him. Over the centuries, the college has grown into Yale University. INDIA Pepper, cottons, precious stones, sugar, dyestuffs 109NUMBER OF PLANT SPECIES LISTED BY THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (ISO), THAT ARE USED AS SPICES AND HERBS 52NUMBER OF SPICES BROUGHT UNDER THE PURVIEW OF SPICES BOARD, THE NODAL AGENCY FOR PROMOTION OF INDIAN SPICES ABROAD $ 12 BILLION SIZE OF GLOBAL SEASONING, HERBS AND SPICES INDUSTRY IN 2014 BLACK PEPPER WHITE PEPPER CARDAMOM TURMERIC CUMIN CHILLI GINGER CELERY SEED MUSTARD ANISEED ASAFOETIDA THYME CINNAMON TAMARIND TARRAGON DILL SEED FENNEL SEED FENUGREEK MACE NUTMEG RED PEPPER VANILLA SAFFRON ROSEMARY POPPY SEED GARLIC CURRY LEAF CLOVES LEMON GRASS CHIVES CORIANDER ONION OREGANO PARSLEY SHALLOTS STAR ANISE SZECHUAN PEPPER BAY LEAVES SAGE PAPRIKA SAVORY CARAWAY SEED CHERVIL BASIL MINT ALLSPICE ANCHO CHILE KOLA NUTS ARROWROOT MARJORAM MINT FLAKES TONGA MALAYSIA TAHITI INDONESIA SRI LANKA THAILAND VIETNAM CHINA SYRIATURKEYROMANIAGREECEPOLANDHUNGARY NETHERLANDS CROATIA FRANCE SPAIN CANADA US MEXICO GUATEMALA HONDURAS JAMAICA PERU GRENADA BRAZIL MOROCCO IVORY COAST NIGERIA ALBANIA PAKISTAN IRAN UGANDA MADAGASCAR SEYCHELLES COMOROS WORLD'S SPICE EXPORTERS A TWIST IN THE TRADEThe lure of an exotic dried seed from south India brought the rest of the world to Indian shores, shaped geo-politics for centuries and aided the formation of a global economy. The worlds love for black pepper & other Indian spices triggered wars, resulted in the discovery of sea routes and shaped the fortunes of towns. Now, Indias hold over the global spice trade is receding. In 2015- 16, Vietnam exported a whopping 133,569 tonnes of black pepper, while India managed only 28,100 tonnes, reports Shenoy Karun US 41% UK 8% NETHERLANDS 5% CANADA 3% FRANCE 2% GERMANY 6% ITALY 4% JAPAN 3% 2% AUSTRAILA 2% INDIA'S PEPPER EXPORT INDIA 843,255 Total export (Quantity in tonnes, FY16) 347,500 24,800 88,500 40,100 98,700 5,800 15,320 33,300 11,635 22,500 4,050 21,150 26,550 15,350 53,800 Pepper Cardamom (L) Ginger Coriander Celery Fenugreek Garlic Mint products Tamarind Cardamom (S) Chilli Turmeric Cumin Fennel Spice oils & oleoresins Nutmeg & mace Curry powder/Paste Other spices 133,569 SOURCE: IPC & INDUSTRY SOURCES 1,335 17,900 1985 1995 19,536 24,541 28,100 2015 PEPPER: VIETNAM RISES, INDIA FALLS INDIAN SPICE EXPORTS GUATEMALA JAMAICA GRENADA tonnes, FY16) 55 10,000 30,000 Serrano pepper | Pe- ter pepper | Chile de 叩rbol | Aleppo pepper | Chungyang Red Pepper | Peperoncino 8,55,000 22,00,000 Komodo Dragon Chili Pepper | Trinidad Moruga Scorpion | Naga Viper pepper | In鍖nity Chilli | Naga Morich | Bhut Jolokia (ghost pepper) | Trinidad Scorpion Butch T pepper | Bedfordshire Super Naga | Spanish Naga Chili | Carolina Reaper 3,50,000 5,80,000 Red Savina habanero 1,00,000 3,50,000 Habanero chili | Scotch bonnet pepper | Datil pepper | Rocoto | Madame Jeanette | Peruvian White Habanero | Jamaican hot pepper | Fatalii Wiri Wiri | Bird's eye chili 30,000 50,000 Guntur chilli | Cayenne pepper | Aj鱈 pepper | Tabasco pepper | Capsicum chinense 50,000 1,00,000 Byadgi chilli | Malagueta pepper | Chiltepin pepper | Piri piri | Pequin pep- per | Siling Labuyo | Capsicum Apache 1,000 3,500 Gochujang | Pasilla pep- per | Peppadew | poblano (or ancho) | Poblano verde | Rocotillo pepper | Espelette pepper 100 1,000 Banana pepper | Cubanelle | paprika | PimentoBell pepper 0 3,500 10,000 Guajillo pepper | Fresno pepper | Jala- pe単o | Hungarian wax pepper SCOVILLE SCALE THIS SCALE WAS DEVELOPED IN 1912 BY WILBUR SCOVILLE TO MEASURE THE PUNGENCY OF CHILLI PEPPERS (WHICH DOESNT INCLUDE BLACK PEPPER) *VALUES IN SCOVILLE HEAT UNITS INDIA VIETNAM 28,100 5,500 600 Graphics: Karthic R CAMEROON SOURCE: GOVERNMENT OF INDIA EGYPT