Acetaminophen, also known as paracetamol, is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic with a chemical formula of C8H9NO2. It is metabolized primarily in the liver, has a narrow therapeutic index, and can cause severe liver damage in cases of overdose, particularly when combined with alcohol consumption. The common side effects include gastrointestinal safety, and the therapeutic dose typically ranges from 500 to 1000 mg for adults, with a maximum of 4 g per day.