Interactive Knowledge Stack - A Software Architecture for Semantic Content Management Systems
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The Interactive Knowledge Stack (IKS) project developed a software architecture for semantic content management systems between 2009-2012 with funding from the European Union. The architecture was influenced by functional requirements, emerging technologies, and supporting distributed development teams. It used a modular, service-oriented design with OSGi bundles and RESTful interfaces to provide functions like content enhancement, entity management, and ontology reasoning.
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![RESTful Interfaces Technology
Representational State Transfer (REST) [is an] architectural
style for distributed hypermedia systems.
Key Aspects
Stateless services
Resource oriented organization of data and services
Resource
/enhancer
Client IKS
Stateless
Service Call
Source: Roy Thomas Fielding, Architectural Styles and the Design of Network-based Software
Architectures, PhD Thesis, http://www.ics.uci.edu/~fielding/pubs/dissertation/top.htm, 2000
Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 17](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iks-architecture-fc-120703074807-phpapp01/85/Interactive-Knowledge-Stack-A-Software-Architecture-for-Semantic-Content-Management-Systems-17-320.jpg)
Interactive Knowledge Stack - A Software Architecture for Semantic Content Management Systems
- 1. Interactive Knowledge Stack A Software Architecture for Semantic Content Management Systems Fabian Christ July 2, 2012
- 2. Interactive Knowledge Stack - IKS Started in January 2009 ends in December 2012 Funded in part by a 6.58m grant from the European Union Consortium of 7 research and 6 industrial partners Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 2
- 3. IKS Project Goals A software architecture for semantically enabled content management systems. SCMS - Semantic Content Management System Semantic User Interface Content Knowledge Presentation & User Interface Semantic User Interaction Interaction Service Layer RESTful Interface Content Access Knowledge Access Apache Apache Apache Apache Knowledge Stanbol Stanbol Stanbol Stanbol Extraction Pipelines Ontology Manager Enhancer EntityHub Reasoners Semantic Lifting Knowledge Administration Content Administration Content Apache Apache Management Apache Stanbol Stanbol Stanbol Rules ContentHub FactStore Stanbol Enhancement Reasoning Engines Knowledge Apache Representation Stanbol CMS Adapter Component Layer Content Knowledge and Reasoning Data Model Models Content Knowledge Persistence Repository Repository An open-source community to bring semantic technologies to content management system platforms. Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 3
- 4. IKS Features User Interface Library & Widgets Content Lorem Hans Enhancement dolor Entity Linked Management Data Cloud Ontology Management & Reasoning Indexing & Search Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 4
- 5. Short Demo of IKS 7.0 Content Enhancement Demo with Apache Stanbol and a VIE-based user interface. IKS Demo Server http://dev.iks-project.eu Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 5
- 6. Influence Factors on the IKS Software Architecture The design of the IKS software architecture is influenced by three factors: Functionality Implement functional requirements Use state-of-the-art web technologies Technology Support semantic web standards Support distributed development People where people can work independently Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 6
- 7. What is Semantic CMS? Functionality Traditional CMS Semantic CMS Atomic Unit Document Entity Meta Data as Strings Defined Entity Types Linked Entities Search for Strings Entities and their relations Manage Documents and Entities and their their workflow domain model Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 7
- 8. Top-Down Requirements Top-Down Functionality Analysis Requirements Architecture IKS Alpha Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 8
- 9. Functional Layers from the Description of Work Functionality Presentation and Interaction Semantic Lifting Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Persistence Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 9
- 10. Content Management Functionality Functionality Content User Interface Content Access Content Administration Content Management Content Data Model Content Repository Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 10
- 11. Knowledge Management Functionality Functionality Knowledge Presentation & Semantic User Interaction Interaction Knowledge Access Knowledge Extraction Pipelines Semantic Lifting Knowledge Administration Reasoning Knowledge Representation Knowledge and Reasoning Models Knowledge Persistence Repository Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 11
- 12. Design IKS Functionality Functional Building Blocks Semantic User Interface Content Knowledge Presentation & User Interface Semantic User Interaction Interaction Content Access Knowledge Access Knowledge Extraction Pipelines Semantic Lifting Knowledge Administration Content Administration Content Management Reasoning Knowledge Representation Content Knowledge and Reasoning Data Model Models Content Knowledge Persistence Repository Repository Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 12
- 13. Influence Factors on the IKS Software Architecture The design of the IKS software architecture is influenced by three factors: Content enhancement, entity management, Functionality ontology management, reasoning, Use state-of-the-art web technologies Technology Support semantic web standards Support distributed development People where people can work independently Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 13
- 14. Bottom-Up Technology Development Technology IKS Alpha INTERPRET KReS Persistence Bottom-Up Store FISE Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 14
- 15. Do Not Replace But Extend Technology No need to replace existing systems for content management IKS components offer service oriented integration Extend by Using Semantic Services IKS Traditional Technology CMS Stack Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 15
- 16. Service Orientation Technology The IKS offers RESTful web service interfaces Each feature is available via a simple HTTP request Enhancer Entity Manager Ontology Manager Open Linked Data IKS Reasoner Store Search Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 16
- 17. RESTful Interfaces Technology Representational State Transfer (REST) [is an] architectural style for distributed hypermedia systems. Key Aspects Stateless services Resource oriented organization of data and services Resource /enhancer Client IKS Stateless Service Call Source: Roy Thomas Fielding, Architectural Styles and the Design of Network-based Software Architectures, PhD Thesis, http://www.ics.uci.edu/~fielding/pubs/dissertation/top.htm, 2000 Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 17
- 18. Representation of Resources Technology REST applied to HTTP Each resource has an URI By accessing the URI the resource can be retrieved in different representations (formats) GET /enhancer Host: localhost:8080 HTML Accept: text/html GET /enhancer Host: localhost:8080 Accept: application/json JSON Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 18
- 19. RESTful Integration Technology RESTful interfaces make integration easy Required technology for sending HTTP requests is available in any traditional CMS Support for standards like the Resource Description Framework (RDF), JSON for Linked Data (JSON-LD) HTTP Request RESTful API IKS Traditional HTTP Technology CMS Response Stack as RDF, JSON-LD Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 19
- 20. Influence Factors on the IKS Software Architecture The design of the IKS software architecture is influenced by three factors: Content enhancement, entity management, Functionality ontology management, reasoning, RESTful HTTP interfaces Technology Standards like RDF, JSON-LD, Support distributed development People where people can work independently Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 20
- 21. Development Team People Distributed Germany, Turkey, Italy, Austria, Swiss, France, (Finland) Different Interests Researchers want to follow their own research topics Industrial partners want working software Map 息 2009 Ezilon.com No central lead Know how Java, JavaScript, Web technologies Semantic web standards Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 21
- 22. OSGi for Flexibility People IKS components are OSGi bundles REST API R Export 損bundle束 損bundle束 E Enhancement Enhancer Engine Team 1 Import Team 2 R R R 損bundle束 損bundle束 損bundle束 Entityhub Contenthub Ontology Manager Team 3 Team 4 Team 5 Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 22
- 23. Common Basis People R R R 損bundle束 損bundle束 損bundle束 Entityhub Contenthub Ontology Manager Dependency Management E E E 損bundle束 損bundle束 損bundle束 Library A Library B Library C Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 23
- 24. Different Release Configurations People R R R 損bundle束 損bundle束 損bundle束 IKS Variant 1 Ontology Reasoner Rules Manager R R R 損bundle束 損bundle束 損bundle束 IKS Variant 2 Enhancer Entityhub Contenthub Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 24
- 25. Summary on Influence Factors The IKS software architecture for semantic content management systems supports Content enhancement, entity management, Functionality ontology management, reasoning, RESTful HTTP interfaces Technology Standards like RDF, JSON-LD, OSGi bundles for distributed development People OSGi bundlists for releases packaging Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 25
- 26. IKS Software Architecture User Interface Layer VIE VIE Widgets RESTful Service Layer Apache Apache Apache Apache Apache Stanbol Stanbol Stanbol Stanbol Stanbol Enhancer Reasoners Ontology Manager EntityHub FactStore Apache Apache Stanbol Stanbol Rules ContentHub Stanbol Enhancement Engines Apache Stanbol CMS Adapter Common Bundles Library A Library B ... Bundle Layer Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 26
- 27. Integration Patterns at Service Level Search based on enhanced content 1. Apache Stanbol Entityhub to specify entities of interest 2. Apache Stanbol Enhancer to retrieve metadata for entities 3. Apache Stanbol Contenthub storage service to store content plus enhancements 4. Apache Stanbol Contenthub keyword search service to search for previously stored content and enhancements Client 3. + 4. 1. 2. R R R 損bundle束 損bundle束 損bundle束 Entityhub Enhancer Contenthub Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 27
- 28. Iterative Development Top-Down Analysis Requirements Architecture IKS 3.0, 4.0, , 7.0 IKS Middle- IKS 8.0 Out Alpha INTERPRET KReS Persistence Bottom-Up Store FISE Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 28
- 29. Lessons Learned Pros Cons Each partner was able to Less integration at contribute his functionality component level No central lead No shared storage Ship stable configurations Sometimes duplicate Allow lab mode for functionalities components Collection of features Adopters select instead of a consistent functionality they like to stack use Modularity big plus from industrial perspective Impact Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 29
- 30. Thank you for your attention. Follow me @fctwitt s-lab Software Quality Lab Universit辰t Paderborn Zukunftsmeile 1 33102 Paderborn Tel.: (05251) 60 5390 / 5391 http://s-lab.upb.de info@s-lab.upb.de Fabian Christ : IKS - A Software Architecture for Semantic CMS 30