INTERNATIONAL INDEXED REFEREED RESEARCH PAPER
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![84 SHODH, SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN
International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN 0974-2832,(Print) E- ISSN-2320-5474, December,2013, VOL-V * ISSUE- 59
vaxzsth 'kCn ¡®Education¡¯ ewyr% xzhd ^bM~;wl* 'kCn ls vk;k
gSA bl xzhl 'kCn dk vFkZ gS og ckr ftldk vfLrRo gS]
ijUrq tks vKkr gS] mls [kkst fudkydj mls nqfu;k ds lkeus
j[kukA dykdkj esa fLFkr lqIr xq.kksa dks igpkuuk ghjs dks
igywnkj cukus dh rjg mu xq.kksa dks fodflr djds mUgsa
pedhyk cukuk ;g lc xq# dk dke gSA laxhr ds {ks= esa
xq# dk vuU; lk/kkj.k egRo lfn;ksa ls pyk vk jgk gSA
Hkkjr esa laxhr dh f'k{kk&iz.kkyh izeq[k :i ls nks
izdkj dh jgh gS& ,d O;fDrxr i)fr ftls xq:dqy i)fr
ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gS vkSj nwljh laLFkkxr i)frA izk;%
19oha lnh ds vUr rd laxhr f'k{kk xq#&f'k"; ijEijk ls
gh nh tkrh jgh] ;|fi laLFkkxr f'k{k.k dh 'kq:vkr yxHkx
1880 bZ0 ds vkl&ikl tkeuxj ds ia0 vkfnR;jke] cM+kSnk
esa ekSykc[¡°k vkSj dyd?kk esa lqjsUnz eksgu VSxksj ds }kjk gks
pqdh FkhA okLro esa laxhr dh f'k{kk laLFkkvksa ds ;qx dk
lw=ikr ia0 fo".kq fnxEcj iyqLdj rFkk dqN vkxs pydj ia0
fo".kq ukjk;.k 'kr[k.Ms ds }kjk gqvk vkSj buds iz;Ruksa ds
QyLo:i 25&30 o"kksZaesagh iwjs Hkkjresa laxhrdh f'k{kk&laLFkkvksa
dk tky fcN x;kA
laxhr f'k{k.k dk vkt tks vFkZ fy;k tkrk gS og
ml i)fr dh vksj ladsr djrk gS ftlds ek/;e ls laxhr
izf'k{k.k fn;k tkrk gSA i)fr 'kCn ml f?;k dks Hkh vaxhdkj
djrk gS tks laxhr dh ekSf[kd ijEijk ls lEc) gS] ml i{k
dks Hkh vaxhdkj djrk gS tks laxhr ds cfgeqZ[kh i{k dks n'kkZrk
gS vkSj laxhr f'k{k.k dh ck?; O;oLFkk ls lEc) jgrk gSA
laxhrK tks izk;% laxhr ds mn~Hkodky ls gh vius
pqfuUnk f'k";ksa dks laxhr fl[kkrs vk;s gSaA ;g iz.kkyh ijEijkxr
xq#&f'k"; iz.kkyh gh dgh xbZ gSA blh fof'k"V ijEijk dks
dkykUrj esa ?kjkuk uke fn;k x;kA vr% laxhr dk laj{k.k
?kjkuksa ij fuHkZj gks x;k fdUrq le; us djoV cnyh vkSj
laxhr ds izphu xkSjo dks lekt esa lEekutud LFkku fnykus
ds fy;s laxhrks)kjd ia0 fo".kq fnxEcj iyqLdj rFkk ia0 fo".kq
ukjk;.k Hkkr[k.Ms tSlh egku foHkwfr;ka vkxs vkbZ rFkk ?kjkuksa
esa iq=&iq=h ,oa ukrs&fj'rsnkjksa dks vf/kd iz'; nsus vkSj
lkekU; tuksa ds izfr mis{kkiw.kZ O;ogkj ds dkj.k ?kjkuksa dk
LFkku fo|ky;ksa us ysuk izkjEHk dj fn;kA ia0 fo".kq fnxEcj
iqyLdj us izk;ksfxd i{k laHkkyk rks ia0 Hkkjr[k.Ms th us
laLFkkvksa dks laxhr dh iqLrdsa miyC/k djkbZA bl izdkj
December ,2013
'kks/k i= & laxhr
laxhr f'k{kk esa xq: f'k"; ijEijk ,oa laLFkkxr
f'k{k.k ds chp leUo; dh ryk'k
* dq- euh"kk feJk
* ?J.R.F? laxhr ,oa izn'kZu dyk foHkkx] bykgkckn fo'Okfo|ky;] bykgkckn
fo".kq}; ds iz;klLo:i laxhr dh f'k{k.k laLFkkvksa dh la[;k
c<+us yxhA
laxhr ,d izkR;f{kd f?;kRed dyk gS] ftlesa lc
phtsa fy[kh ugha tk ldrh blhfy;s f'k{k.k laLFkkvksa ds gksrs
gq, Hkh xq#&f'k"; ijEijk dk fo'ks"k egRo gSA Hkkjrh; laxhr
f'k{k.k dh vk/kqfud i)fr xq:dqy ,oa ?kjkuk i)fr dk
ifjofrZr] ifjekftZr ,oa ifj'kksf/kr :i gSA xq#&f'k"; ,oa
?kjkuk i)fr ds xq.k nks"kksa dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, vkt dh
laLFkkxr f'k{k.k iz.kkyh dks ifjekftZr ,oa dkjxj cukus ds
iz;kl fujarj tkjh gSA
,d vkn'kZ laxhr f'k{kk O;oLFkk] tks xq#&f'k";
ijEijk rFkk laLFkkxr f'k{k.k iz.kkyh ds leUo;kRed Lo:i
}kjk gh lEHko gS] gsrq fuEufyf[kr ckrksa ij /;ku fn;k tkuk
pkfg;s%&
1- iztk l?kkd O;oLFkk gksus ij Hkh laxhr ds f'k{k.k esa]
iwoZ&ijh{kk ds fcuk [kqyh Hkjrh ij jksd yxuh pkfg,A
laxhr lh[kus ds fy, dqN 'kkjhfjd&ekufld Lrj] y;
dh uSlfxZd le>nkjh vo'; gksA iwjh fu"i{k tk?p iM+rky
ds i'pkr gh laxhr f'k{kk izkjEHk gksuh pkfg;sA
2- laxhr dh l?ku f'k{kk gsrq dBksj vuq'kklu] R;kx] leiZ.k
rFkk vuojr vH;kl gsrq izfrc) gksuk pkfg;sA le; ikyu
vkSj izfrfnu f'k{kk furkUr vko';d gksrh gSA
3- gkft+jh esa dksbZ fj;k;r ugha] dksbZ 'kkWVZ&dV ughaA fuR;izfr
vH;kl dh fo|k gS laxhrA
4- ikB~;?e ds foLrkj ij ugha] xgjkbZ&lw{erk ij /;ku
dsfUnzr fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA
5- ^pkWbl* us laxhr f'k{kk dks nk;jksa esa ck?/k fn;k gSA lHkh
jkxksa dk lh[kuk vfuok;Z gksuk pkfg;sA ijh{kd tks Hkh
lquuk pkgs] mls ;Fkk& fof/k lqukuk pkfg;sA
6- f'k{kd dks fcuk iwokZxzg ds] fcuk i{kikr ds iwjh fu"Bk ls
fl[kkuk pkfg,A
7- iwjk ikB~;?e Hkyh&Hkk?fr lEiUu djkuk pkfg,A
8- fo|ky; esa i;kZIr lqfo/kk ok| j[k&j[kko dh gksuh pkfg;sA
9- lIrkg esa ,d fnu Nk=&izk/;kid lcdks volj nsdj
fo|kFkhZ&f'k{kdksa eas izn'kZu&gsrq tkx:drk iSnk dh tkuh
pkfg;svkSj dBksjrk ls ml O;oLFkk dk ikyu djuk&djokuk
pkfg;sA
10- x.kekU; ys[kdksa dh Lrjh; iqLrdksa dh le`) okpu lkexzh](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/84-85-140608012531-phpapp01/85/INTERNATIONAL-INDEXED-REFEREED-RESEARCH-PAPER-1-320.jpg)
![85SHODH, SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN
International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN 0974-2832,(Print) E- ISSN-2320-5474, December,2013, VOL-V * ISSUE- 59
okys iqLrdky; dk fuekZ.k dj mldk lnqi;ksx djus dh
izsj.kk~&izksRlkgu& ekxZn'kZu nsus esa l{ke f'k{kdksa dh lgk;rk
ysuh pkfg,A
11- u,&iqjkus] LFkkfir&mHkjrs xk;dksa&okndksa dh fjdkfMZax
lquus&lqukus dh lqO;oLFkk gksuh pkfg,A
13- fo|ky; ls tqM+k Nk=ky; gksuk pkfg;s] tgk? ok| gksa]
fj;kt+ dh lqfo/kk gks] fj;kt+ ij le;≤ ij lefiZr
f'k{kdksa dh fuxjkuh gks] leqfpr ekxZ&n'kZu nsrs jg
ldsa&bldh lqpk: O;oLFkk gksA
14- orZeku oSKkfud&rduhdh lk/kuksa dk lgh mi;ksx
tkudkjh&laj{k.k&lao)Zu gsrq gksA
15- izkbejh Lrj ls ysdj mPp Lrj rd Loj lk/kuk vfuok;Z
gksA
16- ikB~;?e esa /ofu vFkok Acoustic dh tkudkjh nsus ds
lkFk mUgsa iz;ksxkRed :i esa fo'ks"kKksa dks cqykdj fl[kk;k
tk;A
17- izR;sd laxhr fo|kFkhZ ds fy, ^lkt+* mldk ije fe=
gksrk gSA vr% le;≤ ij fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks muds lkt+
ds j[k&j[kko] feykus dh fof/k vkfn ls iw.kZr% voxr djkus
dk volj iznku fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
18- laxhr fo"k; dks vU; fo"k;ksa dh Hkk?fr izkFkfed Lrj ls
izkjEHk djsa rFkk ek/;fed ,oa mPp ek/;fed Lrj rd ,d
vfuok;Z fo"k; ds :i esa j[kk tk;A rRi'pkr~ vU; fo"k;ksa
dh Hkk?fr bls Hkh Lukrd ,oa Lukrdks?kj Lrj ij ,d
,SfPNd fo"k; ds :i esa viukus dk izko/kku gksuk pkfg,A
19- f'k{kk ds izR;sd Lrj ?izkbejh] ek/;fed rFkk mPp? ij
laxhr&f'k{kk Lrjh; ,oa mi;qDr gksuh pkfg,A
20- 'kks/k fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, Hkh f?;kRed d{kkvksa dh O;oLFkk
gksuh pkfg,A
21- laxhr dks /;s; cukus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks muds vkokt+
/keZ ds vuqlkj ;ksX; xq:vksa ds ikl 7&8 o"kZ izf'k{k.k
fn;k tkuk pkfg,A
22- mPPk Lrj ij fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ,d gh ijEijk ,oa ,d
gh fo/kk esaa fuiq.k djus dk iz;kl fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
23- d{kk esa Nk=ksa ds xq.k] xq.ko?kk dk Lrj bu ln~xq.kksa dh
vksj nqyZ{; djds la[;kRed jkf'k dh vksj vf/kd otu
nsuk] laLFkk,a viuk Hkw"k.k ekurh gSaA bl ij jksd yxuh
pkfg,A Nk=&la[;k o`f) dh vis{kk xq.kkRed lq/kkj ij
vf/kd /;ku fn;k tkuk pkfg,A
24- laxhr f'k{kk jkstxkj&ewyd gksuh pkfg,A mPp f'k{kk
laLFkkvksa esa yxHkx ,d tSlk ikB~;?e yxkus ds LFkku
ij Lukrdks?kj rFkk mlds ckn ds Lrjksa ij Bqejh] [;ky]
VIik] /kqzin vkfn dh f'k{kk vyx&vyx egkfo|ky;ksa esa
mu fo"k;ksa ds fo'ks"kKksa }kjk nh tkuh pkfg,] rHkh xq.ko?kk
vk ldsxhA ikB~;?e esa jkx la[;k dh txg izLrqfrdj.k
ds Lrj dks c<+kus ls dqN lhek rd vPNs ifj.kke fey
ldrs gSaA
25- vkt laiw.kZ fo'o ^oS'ohdj.k* ds nkSj ls xqt+j jgk gSA
,sls esa ,d laxhr fo|kFkhZ gsrq mPp Lrj ij vusdksa
laHkkouk,? fufgr gSaA tSls& laxhr f'k{kd] jaxeaph; dykdkj]
'kkL=dkj ,oa leh{kd] ok|ksa ds fuekZrk ,oa VsfDuf'k;u]
dk;Z?e izca/kd ,oa la;kstd] funsZ'kd] foKkiu O;olk;]
dSlsV~l ,oa fjdkfMZax dEiuh] laxhr xzaFkksa dk izdk'ku ,oa
?;&fo?;] laxhr i=dkfjrk vkfn vko';drk gSA blls
lEcfU/kr ikB~;?e pyk;k tkuk pkfg,A
26- 'kkL= i{k ,oa f?;kRed i{k ds f'k{k.k gsrq i`Fkd&i`Fkd
dq'ky ,oa vuqHkoh f'k{kdksa dh fu;qfDr gksuh pkfg,A
27- f'k{kd dks Hkh fujarj v/;;ujr vkSj lk/kukjr jguk
pkfg,A blds fy, fu;fer dkykarj esa fj?s'kj dkslZ dh
O;oLFkk gksuh pkfg,A
ifjfLFkfr;k? fdruh Hkh cny xbZa gkas] fdarq cyiwoZd ;g
dgk tk ldrk gS fd m?ke xq# ds lkfu/; esa jgdj f'k{kk
izkIr fd;s fcuk m?ke f'k";ksa dk fuekZ.k lEHko ugha gSA ;fn
f'k";ksa dks xq.kh&xq#vksa ls laxhr dk Kku izkIr u gqvk rks
laxhr&dyk dk iru vo';EHkkoh gSA inkFkZprq"V; dh nk=h
laxhr&dyk dks Hkkoh ihf<+;ksa ds fy;s rHkh lqjf{kr j[kk tk
ldrk gS] tcfd vusd izfrHkk'kkyh f'k"; 'kq) eu] rhoz yxu
vkSj xq#&pj.kksa esa vxk/k J)k j[krs gq, laxhr lk/kuk djsa
rFkk xq# Hkh ladh.kZ eukso`f?k ,oa vFkZ O;keksg dks frykatfy
nsdj mUeqDr ?n; ls f'k{kk nku djsaA orZeku le; esa tc
laxhr f'k{kk dks vU; fo"k;ksa ds leku gh ekU;rk izkIr gS] rks
;g vR;Ur vko';d gS fd blds f?;kRed ,oa jpukRed
i{k dh lhek dks /;ku eas j[kdj ;fn izkphu oS;fDrd f'k{k.k
vkSj vk/kqfud lkewfgd f'k{k.k nksuksa ;qxksa ds Js"B rRo miyC/k
dj lefUor fd;s tk,a rks O;kogkfjd n`f"V ls xq.ko?kk ds lkFk
;g gekjh ijEijk dks le`) djsaxsaA
1- pkS/kjh lqHknzk] laxhr lap;u] izdk'kd & d`".kk cznlZ] vtesjA
2- iyuhVdj MkW0 vyduank] 'kkL=h; laxhr f'k{kk % leL;k,? ,oa lek/kku] izdk'kd7 vtqZu ifCyf'kax gk?l] e/;izns'kA
3- JhokLro MkW0 laxhrk] orZeku laxhr f'k{kk dh f'k{k.k i)fr;k? ,oa rduhfd;k?] izdk'kd& laxhr foHkkx] Mh0th0 ?ih0th0? dkyst] dkuiqjA
4- JhokLro MkW0 jksth] ^orZeku lanHkZ esa laxhr&f'k{kk] f'k{kd ,oa f'k{kkFkhZ*] if=dk&laxhr dyk fogkj ?tqykbZ 2010?
5- ikBd MkW0 fu'kk] ^laxhr dh mPp&f'k{kk % cnyrs lanHkZ vkSj vk;ke*] if=dk&laxhr dyk fogkj ?vizSy 2007?
6- ^usgjax* iznhi dqekj nhf{kr] ^vkn'kZ laxhr&f'k{kk&O;oLFkk*] if=dk& laxhr ?flrEcj 2010?
7- ia0 y{e.k d`".k jko] ^xq:&f'k"; ijEijk dk egRo*] if=dk& laxhr ?laxhr f'k{kk vad? ?tuojh&Qjojh 1988?
8- JhokLro MkW0 jksth] ^xq:&f'k"; ijEijk ,oa orZeku laxhr f'k{k.k*]if=dk&HkSjoh ?o"kZ 2011&vad 3?](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/84-85-140608012531-phpapp01/85/INTERNATIONAL-INDEXED-REFEREED-RESEARCH-PAPER-2-320.jpg)
INTERNATIONAL INDEXED REFEREED RESEARCH PAPER
- 1. 84 SHODH, SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN 0974-2832,(Print) E- ISSN-2320-5474, December,2013, VOL-V * ISSUE- 59 vaxzsth 'kCn ¡®Education¡¯ ewyr% xzhd ^bM~;wl* 'kCn ls vk;k gSA bl xzhl 'kCn dk vFkZ gS og ckr ftldk vfLrRo gS] ijUrq tks vKkr gS] mls [kkst fudkydj mls nqfu;k ds lkeus j[kukA dykdkj esa fLFkr lqIr xq.kksa dks igpkuuk ghjs dks igywnkj cukus dh rjg mu xq.kksa dks fodflr djds mUgsa pedhyk cukuk ;g lc xq# dk dke gSA laxhr ds {ks= esa xq# dk vuU; lk/kkj.k egRo lfn;ksa ls pyk vk jgk gSA Hkkjr esa laxhr dh f'k{kk&iz.kkyh izeq[k :i ls nks izdkj dh jgh gS& ,d O;fDrxr i)fr ftls xq:dqy i)fr ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gS vkSj nwljh laLFkkxr i)frA izk;% 19oha lnh ds vUr rd laxhr f'k{kk xq#&f'k"; ijEijk ls gh nh tkrh jgh] ;|fi laLFkkxr f'k{k.k dh 'kq:vkr yxHkx 1880 bZ0 ds vkl&ikl tkeuxj ds ia0 vkfnR;jke] cM+kSnk esa ekSykc[¡°k vkSj dyd?kk esa lqjsUnz eksgu VSxksj ds }kjk gks pqdh FkhA okLro esa laxhr dh f'k{kk laLFkkvksa ds ;qx dk lw=ikr ia0 fo".kq fnxEcj iyqLdj rFkk dqN vkxs pydj ia0 fo".kq ukjk;.k 'kr[k.Ms ds }kjk gqvk vkSj buds iz;Ruksa ds QyLo:i 25&30 o"kksZaesagh iwjs Hkkjresa laxhrdh f'k{kk&laLFkkvksa dk tky fcN x;kA laxhr f'k{k.k dk vkt tks vFkZ fy;k tkrk gS og ml i)fr dh vksj ladsr djrk gS ftlds ek/;e ls laxhr izf'k{k.k fn;k tkrk gSA i)fr 'kCn ml f?;k dks Hkh vaxhdkj djrk gS tks laxhr dh ekSf[kd ijEijk ls lEc) gS] ml i{k dks Hkh vaxhdkj djrk gS tks laxhr ds cfgeqZ[kh i{k dks n'kkZrk gS vkSj laxhr f'k{k.k dh ck?; O;oLFkk ls lEc) jgrk gSA laxhrK tks izk;% laxhr ds mn~Hkodky ls gh vius pqfuUnk f'k";ksa dks laxhr fl[kkrs vk;s gSaA ;g iz.kkyh ijEijkxr xq#&f'k"; iz.kkyh gh dgh xbZ gSA blh fof'k"V ijEijk dks dkykUrj esa ?kjkuk uke fn;k x;kA vr% laxhr dk laj{k.k ?kjkuksa ij fuHkZj gks x;k fdUrq le; us djoV cnyh vkSj laxhr ds izphu xkSjo dks lekt esa lEekutud LFkku fnykus ds fy;s laxhrks)kjd ia0 fo".kq fnxEcj iyqLdj rFkk ia0 fo".kq ukjk;.k Hkkr[k.Ms tSlh egku foHkwfr;ka vkxs vkbZ rFkk ?kjkuksa esa iq=&iq=h ,oa ukrs&fj'rsnkjksa dks vf/kd iz'; nsus vkSj lkekU; tuksa ds izfr mis{kkiw.kZ O;ogkj ds dkj.k ?kjkuksa dk LFkku fo|ky;ksa us ysuk izkjEHk dj fn;kA ia0 fo".kq fnxEcj iqyLdj us izk;ksfxd i{k laHkkyk rks ia0 Hkkjr[k.Ms th us laLFkkvksa dks laxhr dh iqLrdsa miyC/k djkbZA bl izdkj December ,2013 'kks/k i= & laxhr laxhr f'k{kk esa xq: f'k"; ijEijk ,oa laLFkkxr f'k{k.k ds chp leUo; dh ryk'k * dq- euh"kk feJk * ?J.R.F? laxhr ,oa izn'kZu dyk foHkkx] bykgkckn fo'Okfo|ky;] bykgkckn fo".kq}; ds iz;klLo:i laxhr dh f'k{k.k laLFkkvksa dh la[;k c<+us yxhA laxhr ,d izkR;f{kd f?;kRed dyk gS] ftlesa lc phtsa fy[kh ugha tk ldrh blhfy;s f'k{k.k laLFkkvksa ds gksrs gq, Hkh xq#&f'k"; ijEijk dk fo'ks"k egRo gSA Hkkjrh; laxhr f'k{k.k dh vk/kqfud i)fr xq:dqy ,oa ?kjkuk i)fr dk ifjofrZr] ifjekftZr ,oa ifj'kksf/kr :i gSA xq#&f'k"; ,oa ?kjkuk i)fr ds xq.k nks"kksa dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, vkt dh laLFkkxr f'k{k.k iz.kkyh dks ifjekftZr ,oa dkjxj cukus ds iz;kl fujarj tkjh gSA ,d vkn'kZ laxhr f'k{kk O;oLFkk] tks xq#&f'k"; ijEijk rFkk laLFkkxr f'k{k.k iz.kkyh ds leUo;kRed Lo:i }kjk gh lEHko gS] gsrq fuEufyf[kr ckrksa ij /;ku fn;k tkuk pkfg;s%& 1- iztk l?kkd O;oLFkk gksus ij Hkh laxhr ds f'k{k.k esa] iwoZ&ijh{kk ds fcuk [kqyh Hkjrh ij jksd yxuh pkfg,A laxhr lh[kus ds fy, dqN 'kkjhfjd&ekufld Lrj] y; dh uSlfxZd le>nkjh vo'; gksA iwjh fu"i{k tk?p iM+rky ds i'pkr gh laxhr f'k{kk izkjEHk gksuh pkfg;sA 2- laxhr dh l?ku f'k{kk gsrq dBksj vuq'kklu] R;kx] leiZ.k rFkk vuojr vH;kl gsrq izfrc) gksuk pkfg;sA le; ikyu vkSj izfrfnu f'k{kk furkUr vko';d gksrh gSA 3- gkft+jh esa dksbZ fj;k;r ugha] dksbZ 'kkWVZ&dV ughaA fuR;izfr vH;kl dh fo|k gS laxhrA 4- ikB~;?e ds foLrkj ij ugha] xgjkbZ&lw{erk ij /;ku dsfUnzr fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA 5- ^pkWbl* us laxhr f'k{kk dks nk;jksa esa ck?/k fn;k gSA lHkh jkxksa dk lh[kuk vfuok;Z gksuk pkfg;sA ijh{kd tks Hkh lquuk pkgs] mls ;Fkk& fof/k lqukuk pkfg;sA 6- f'k{kd dks fcuk iwokZxzg ds] fcuk i{kikr ds iwjh fu"Bk ls fl[kkuk pkfg,A 7- iwjk ikB~;?e Hkyh&Hkk?fr lEiUu djkuk pkfg,A 8- fo|ky; esa i;kZIr lqfo/kk ok| j[k&j[kko dh gksuh pkfg;sA 9- lIrkg esa ,d fnu Nk=&izk/;kid lcdks volj nsdj fo|kFkhZ&f'k{kdksa eas izn'kZu&gsrq tkx:drk iSnk dh tkuh pkfg;svkSj dBksjrk ls ml O;oLFkk dk ikyu djuk&djokuk pkfg;sA 10- x.kekU; ys[kdksa dh Lrjh; iqLrdksa dh le`) okpu lkexzh
- 2. 85SHODH, SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN 0974-2832,(Print) E- ISSN-2320-5474, December,2013, VOL-V * ISSUE- 59 okys iqLrdky; dk fuekZ.k dj mldk lnqi;ksx djus dh izsj.kk~&izksRlkgu& ekxZn'kZu nsus esa l{ke f'k{kdksa dh lgk;rk ysuh pkfg,A 11- u,&iqjkus] LFkkfir&mHkjrs xk;dksa&okndksa dh fjdkfMZax lquus&lqukus dh lqO;oLFkk gksuh pkfg,A 13- fo|ky; ls tqM+k Nk=ky; gksuk pkfg;s] tgk? ok| gksa] fj;kt+ dh lqfo/kk gks] fj;kt+ ij le;≤ ij lefiZr f'k{kdksa dh fuxjkuh gks] leqfpr ekxZ&n'kZu nsrs jg ldsa&bldh lqpk: O;oLFkk gksA 14- orZeku oSKkfud&rduhdh lk/kuksa dk lgh mi;ksx tkudkjh&laj{k.k&lao)Zu gsrq gksA 15- izkbejh Lrj ls ysdj mPp Lrj rd Loj lk/kuk vfuok;Z gksA 16- ikB~;?e esa /ofu vFkok Acoustic dh tkudkjh nsus ds lkFk mUgsa iz;ksxkRed :i esa fo'ks"kKksa dks cqykdj fl[kk;k tk;A 17- izR;sd laxhr fo|kFkhZ ds fy, ^lkt+* mldk ije fe= gksrk gSA vr% le;≤ ij fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks muds lkt+ ds j[k&j[kko] feykus dh fof/k vkfn ls iw.kZr% voxr djkus dk volj iznku fd;k tkuk pkfg,A 18- laxhr fo"k; dks vU; fo"k;ksa dh Hkk?fr izkFkfed Lrj ls izkjEHk djsa rFkk ek/;fed ,oa mPp ek/;fed Lrj rd ,d vfuok;Z fo"k; ds :i esa j[kk tk;A rRi'pkr~ vU; fo"k;ksa dh Hkk?fr bls Hkh Lukrd ,oa Lukrdks?kj Lrj ij ,d ,SfPNd fo"k; ds :i esa viukus dk izko/kku gksuk pkfg,A 19- f'k{kk ds izR;sd Lrj ?izkbejh] ek/;fed rFkk mPp? ij laxhr&f'k{kk Lrjh; ,oa mi;qDr gksuh pkfg,A 20- 'kks/k fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, Hkh f?;kRed d{kkvksa dh O;oLFkk gksuh pkfg,A 21- laxhr dks /;s; cukus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks muds vkokt+ /keZ ds vuqlkj ;ksX; xq:vksa ds ikl 7&8 o"kZ izf'k{k.k fn;k tkuk pkfg,A 22- mPPk Lrj ij fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ,d gh ijEijk ,oa ,d gh fo/kk esaa fuiq.k djus dk iz;kl fd;k tkuk pkfg,A 23- d{kk esa Nk=ksa ds xq.k] xq.ko?kk dk Lrj bu ln~xq.kksa dh vksj nqyZ{; djds la[;kRed jkf'k dh vksj vf/kd otu nsuk] laLFkk,a viuk Hkw"k.k ekurh gSaA bl ij jksd yxuh pkfg,A Nk=&la[;k o`f) dh vis{kk xq.kkRed lq/kkj ij vf/kd /;ku fn;k tkuk pkfg,A 24- laxhr f'k{kk jkstxkj&ewyd gksuh pkfg,A mPp f'k{kk laLFkkvksa esa yxHkx ,d tSlk ikB~;?e yxkus ds LFkku ij Lukrdks?kj rFkk mlds ckn ds Lrjksa ij Bqejh] [;ky] VIik] /kqzin vkfn dh f'k{kk vyx&vyx egkfo|ky;ksa esa mu fo"k;ksa ds fo'ks"kKksa }kjk nh tkuh pkfg,] rHkh xq.ko?kk vk ldsxhA ikB~;?e esa jkx la[;k dh txg izLrqfrdj.k ds Lrj dks c<+kus ls dqN lhek rd vPNs ifj.kke fey ldrs gSaA 25- vkt laiw.kZ fo'o ^oS'ohdj.k* ds nkSj ls xqt+j jgk gSA ,sls esa ,d laxhr fo|kFkhZ gsrq mPp Lrj ij vusdksa laHkkouk,? fufgr gSaA tSls& laxhr f'k{kd] jaxeaph; dykdkj] 'kkL=dkj ,oa leh{kd] ok|ksa ds fuekZrk ,oa VsfDuf'k;u] dk;Z?e izca/kd ,oa la;kstd] funsZ'kd] foKkiu O;olk;] dSlsV~l ,oa fjdkfMZax dEiuh] laxhr xzaFkksa dk izdk'ku ,oa ?;&fo?;] laxhr i=dkfjrk vkfn vko';drk gSA blls lEcfU/kr ikB~;?e pyk;k tkuk pkfg,A 26- 'kkL= i{k ,oa f?;kRed i{k ds f'k{k.k gsrq i`Fkd&i`Fkd dq'ky ,oa vuqHkoh f'k{kdksa dh fu;qfDr gksuh pkfg,A 27- f'k{kd dks Hkh fujarj v/;;ujr vkSj lk/kukjr jguk pkfg,A blds fy, fu;fer dkykarj esa fj?s'kj dkslZ dh O;oLFkk gksuh pkfg,A ifjfLFkfr;k? fdruh Hkh cny xbZa gkas] fdarq cyiwoZd ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd m?ke xq# ds lkfu/; esa jgdj f'k{kk izkIr fd;s fcuk m?ke f'k";ksa dk fuekZ.k lEHko ugha gSA ;fn f'k";ksa dks xq.kh&xq#vksa ls laxhr dk Kku izkIr u gqvk rks laxhr&dyk dk iru vo';EHkkoh gSA inkFkZprq"V; dh nk=h laxhr&dyk dks Hkkoh ihf<+;ksa ds fy;s rHkh lqjf{kr j[kk tk ldrk gS] tcfd vusd izfrHkk'kkyh f'k"; 'kq) eu] rhoz yxu vkSj xq#&pj.kksa esa vxk/k J)k j[krs gq, laxhr lk/kuk djsa rFkk xq# Hkh ladh.kZ eukso`f?k ,oa vFkZ O;keksg dks frykatfy nsdj mUeqDr ?n; ls f'k{kk nku djsaA orZeku le; esa tc laxhr f'k{kk dks vU; fo"k;ksa ds leku gh ekU;rk izkIr gS] rks ;g vR;Ur vko';d gS fd blds f?;kRed ,oa jpukRed i{k dh lhek dks /;ku eas j[kdj ;fn izkphu oS;fDrd f'k{k.k vkSj vk/kqfud lkewfgd f'k{k.k nksuksa ;qxksa ds Js"B rRo miyC/k dj lefUor fd;s tk,a rks O;kogkfjd n`f"V ls xq.ko?kk ds lkFk ;g gekjh ijEijk dks le`) djsaxsaA 1- pkS/kjh lqHknzk] laxhr lap;u] izdk'kd & d`".kk cznlZ] vtesjA 2- iyuhVdj MkW0 vyduank] 'kkL=h; laxhr f'k{kk % leL;k,? ,oa lek/kku] izdk'kd7 vtqZu ifCyf'kax gk?l] e/;izns'kA 3- JhokLro MkW0 laxhrk] orZeku laxhr f'k{kk dh f'k{k.k i)fr;k? ,oa rduhfd;k?] izdk'kd& laxhr foHkkx] Mh0th0 ?ih0th0? dkyst] dkuiqjA 4- JhokLro MkW0 jksth] ^orZeku lanHkZ esa laxhr&f'k{kk] f'k{kd ,oa f'k{kkFkhZ*] if=dk&laxhr dyk fogkj ?tqykbZ 2010? 5- ikBd MkW0 fu'kk] ^laxhr dh mPp&f'k{kk % cnyrs lanHkZ vkSj vk;ke*] if=dk&laxhr dyk fogkj ?vizSy 2007? 6- ^usgjax* iznhi dqekj nhf{kr] ^vkn'kZ laxhr&f'k{kk&O;oLFkk*] if=dk& laxhr ?flrEcj 2010? 7- ia0 y{e.k d`".k jko] ^xq:&f'k"; ijEijk dk egRo*] if=dk& laxhr ?laxhr f'k{kk vad? ?tuojh&Qjojh 1988? 8- JhokLro MkW0 jksth] ^xq:&f'k"; ijEijk ,oa orZeku laxhr f'k{k.k*]if=dk&HkSjoh ?o"kZ 2011&vad 3?