The document describes three causes for increased food production in medieval Europe: 1) warmer climate allowed for longer growing seasons and new crops in northern Europe, 2) the horse collar improved horses' usefulness for plowing, and 3) the three-field system rotated crops across three fields each year, increasing output. It also discusses guilds, medieval finances, and the growth of towns.
The Great Depression was caused by major stock market crashes, bank failures, and reduced purchasing that significantly damaged the US economy. FDR implemented his New Deal programs in the 1930s, including establishing the FDIC to insure bank deposits, cutting government spending, creating jobs through agencies focused on rural development, and generating tax revenue by ending Prohibition. These actions helped stabilize the financial system and start the US on the path to economic recovery from the Depression.
The document discusses the migrations of the Indo-Europeans out of the steppes north of the Caucasus Mountains beginning around 500 BCE. It describes two major groups - the Hittites who settled in Anatolia (modern Turkey) around 2000 BCE and dominated through superior military technology until being conquered around 1190 BCE, and the Aryans who entered northern India and composed sacred texts known as the Vedas which provide insights into their society. The Aryans established a caste system in India that stratified people based on skin color and birth into social classes like Brahmins, warriors, peasants, and the lowest Untouchables.
The document describes three causes for increased food production in medieval Europe: 1) warmer climate allowed for longer growing seasons and new crops in northern Europe, 2) the horse collar improved horses' usefulness for plowing, and 3) the three-field system rotated crops across three fields each year, increasing output. It also discusses guilds, medieval finances, and the growth of towns.
The Great Depression was caused by major stock market crashes, bank failures, and reduced purchasing that significantly damaged the US economy. FDR implemented his New Deal programs in the 1930s, including establishing the FDIC to insure bank deposits, cutting government spending, creating jobs through agencies focused on rural development, and generating tax revenue by ending Prohibition. These actions helped stabilize the financial system and start the US on the path to economic recovery from the Depression.
The document discusses the migrations of the Indo-Europeans out of the steppes north of the Caucasus Mountains beginning around 500 BCE. It describes two major groups - the Hittites who settled in Anatolia (modern Turkey) around 2000 BCE and dominated through superior military technology until being conquered around 1190 BCE, and the Aryans who entered northern India and composed sacred texts known as the Vedas which provide insights into their society. The Aryans established a caste system in India that stratified people based on skin color and birth into social classes like Brahmins, warriors, peasants, and the lowest Untouchables.
2. Internet 辿s una xarxa p炭blica i global de computadors interconnectats mitjan巽ant el protocol d'internet (Internet Protocol) i que transmeten les dades mitjan巽ant commutaci坦 de paquets.
3. Internet 辿s la uni坦 de milions de subxarxes dom竪stiques, acad竪miques, comercials i governamentals, 辿s per aix嘆 que a vegades se l'anomena "la xarxa de xarxes". Qualsevol conjunt de xarxes interconnectades ser una internet, per嘆 d'Internet en maj炭scules nom辿s n'hi ha una.
4. Sobre aquesta xarxa hi corren un conjunt de serveis als quals tothom pot accedir des de qualsevol part del m坦n, mitjan巽ant un dispositiu electr嘆nic com ara un ordinador o un tel竪fon m嘆bil.
5. La prehist嘆ria d'Internet es basa en la xarxa de carcter militar creada pel departament de defensa dels Estats Units. El 29 d'octubre de 1969 arrencava a la UCLA el primer node d'aquesta xarxa, anomenada ARPANET T竪cnicament el naixement d'internet, es produ鱈 l'1 de gener de 1983, amb la primera xarxa de llarg abast WAN basada en tecnologia TCP/IP, posada en marxa per la National Science Foundation (NSF) dels EUA. Al 1995, aquesta xarxa fou oberta als interessos comercials.
6. Durant la d竪cada del 1990, la xarxa guany densitat. L'agost de 1991 el CERN public el projecte World Wide Web, i dos anys despr辿s Tim Berners-Lee inici la creaci坦 de l'HTML i HTTP. Al 1993 el Centre nacional per aplicacions de supercomputaci坦 a la Universitat d'Illionis desenvolup el primer navegador web el Mosaic versi坦 1.0. Internet com a mitj de comunicaci坦 es va comen巽ar a generalitzar en els pa誰sos desenvolupats a mitjans dels anys 90. En gran part, Internet l'han anat fent els "internautes", tot creant serveis majoritriament gratu誰ts. De tota manera, des de finals dels anys 90, els serveis de pagament i el comer巽 electr嘆nic hi tenen una pres竪ncia cada vegada m辿s gran.
