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Intro to-hadith

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MAjid Nesar

This document discusses Hadith, which are sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad that represent the Sunnah or traditions of Islam. It explains that Hadith are classified based on their authenticity, from sahih (authentic) to fabricated. The document also outlines the structure of Hadith, including the isnad or chain of narrators, and discusses special types of Hadith like Hadith Qudsi, which are inspired revelations but were not verbatim revelations from Allah like the Quran. It provides an example of a Hadith Qudsi to illustrate the difference between it and the Quran.

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An Introduction
What Are Hadith? Hadith represent the Sunnah of the Prophet (saw) The Sunnah of the Prophet (saw) are comprised of: His Statements His Actions His (tacit or silent) Approvals His Personal Characteristics
Classifying Our Actions Haraam Actions which are punishable if you engage in them; if you refrain you are rewarded Haraam Actions which are punishable if you engage in them; if you refrain you are rewarded Halal Actions which are permissible, encouraged and rewardable Mustahab Actions that are permissible and encouraged and rewardable based on your intention Mustahab Actions that are permissible and encouraged and rewardable based on your intention Mandoob These actions are neither halal or haraam Mandoob These actions are neither halal or haraam Makrooh Detestable actions which are discouraged Makrooh Detestable actions which are discouraged
Protecting the Hadith "We have, without any doubt, sent down the "Dhikr;" and We will assuredly guard it (from corruption)." (Surah Al Hijr, 15:9) Hadith have also been protected by people whom Allah has guided, such as Sh. Al-Albani and all the hufaaz (memorizers of al-Quran)
Structure of Hadith
Structure of the Isnad
Classification of Hadith authentic. Imam Shafi'i states the following requirements "each reporter should be trustworthy in his religion; he should be known to be truthful in his narrating, to understand what he narrates, to know how a different expression can alter the meaning, and to report the wording of the hadith verbatim, not only its meaning". good: is the one where its source is known and its reporters are unambiguous. weak: a hadith which fails to reach the status of hasan. Usually, the weakness is: a) one of discontinuity in the isnad, or b) one of the reporters having a disparaged character, such as due to his telling lies, excessive mistakes, opposition to the narration of more reliable sources, involvement in innovation, or ambiguity surrounding his person. fabricated or forged: is a hadith whose text goes against the established norms of the Prophet's sayings, or its reporters include a liar. Fabricated hadith are also recognized by external evidence related to a discrepancy found in the dates or times of a particular incident.
Hadith Qudsi The special characteristic about this type of hadith is that it has Allah in the actual isnad. This type of revelation is kept different from Quran in that Hadith Qudsi: The Quran was revealed to the Prophet (saw) verbatim; that is, both its words and meanings are from Allah. The hadith qudsi was not a verbatim revelation; its words are from the Prophet (saw). The Quran was revealed via Angel Jibreel while the hadith qudsi may have been inspired by other ways, such as in the form of a dream. The words of the Quran are miraculous or inimitable while the words of the hadith qudsi are not of this nature. The Quran is recited in formal Prayers (salah) but the hadith qudsi cannot be recited in Prayers. On the authority of Abu Harayrah, from the Prophet (saw), who said: Allah said: Spend (on charity), O son of Adam, and I shall spend on you. (Bukhari and Muslim).

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Intro to-hadith

  • 2. What Are Hadith? Hadith represent the Sunnah of the Prophet (saw) The Sunnah of the Prophet (saw) are comprised of: His Statements His Actions His (tacit or silent) Approvals His Personal Characteristics
  • 3. Classifying Our Actions Haraam Actions which are punishable if you engage in them; if you refrain you are rewarded Haraam Actions which are punishable if you engage in them; if you refrain you are rewarded Halal Actions which are permissible, encouraged and rewardable Mustahab Actions that are permissible and encouraged and rewardable based on your intention Mustahab Actions that are permissible and encouraged and rewardable based on your intention Mandoob These actions are neither halal or haraam Mandoob These actions are neither halal or haraam Makrooh Detestable actions which are discouraged Makrooh Detestable actions which are discouraged
  • 4. Protecting the Hadith "We have, without any doubt, sent down the "Dhikr;" and We will assuredly guard it (from corruption)." (Surah Al Hijr, 15:9) Hadith have also been protected by people whom Allah has guided, such as Sh. Al-Albani and all the hufaaz (memorizers of al-Quran)
  • 7. Classification of Hadith authentic. Imam Shafi'i states the following requirements "each reporter should be trustworthy in his religion; he should be known to be truthful in his narrating, to understand what he narrates, to know how a different expression can alter the meaning, and to report the wording of the hadith verbatim, not only its meaning". good: is the one where its source is known and its reporters are unambiguous. weak: a hadith which fails to reach the status of hasan. Usually, the weakness is: a) one of discontinuity in the isnad, or b) one of the reporters having a disparaged character, such as due to his telling lies, excessive mistakes, opposition to the narration of more reliable sources, involvement in innovation, or ambiguity surrounding his person. fabricated or forged: is a hadith whose text goes against the established norms of the Prophet's sayings, or its reporters include a liar. Fabricated hadith are also recognized by external evidence related to a discrepancy found in the dates or times of a particular incident.
  • 8. Hadith Qudsi The special characteristic about this type of hadith is that it has Allah in the actual isnad. This type of revelation is kept different from Quran in that Hadith Qudsi: The Quran was revealed to the Prophet (saw) verbatim; that is, both its words and meanings are from Allah. The hadith qudsi was not a verbatim revelation; its words are from the Prophet (saw). The Quran was revealed via Angel Jibreel while the hadith qudsi may have been inspired by other ways, such as in the form of a dream. The words of the Quran are miraculous or inimitable while the words of the hadith qudsi are not of this nature. The Quran is recited in formal Prayers (salah) but the hadith qudsi cannot be recited in Prayers. On the authority of Abu Harayrah, from the Prophet (saw), who said: Allah said: Spend (on charity), O son of Adam, and I shall spend on you. (Bukhari and Muslim).