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This document discusses artificial lift methods used in oil production. It covers three commonly used artificial lift equipment: sucker-rod pumps, gas lift, and electric submersible pumps (ESPs). As the reservoir pressure declines after initial production, artificial lift methods are needed to supplement and replace the natural reservoir pressure in lifting oil to the surface. Sucker-rod pumps are driven from the surface to pump oil up the wellbore via the sucker rods. Gas lift uses injected gas to reduce the density of downhole fluid, making it easier to lift. ESPs are submersible pumps placed downhole that use an electric motor to pump fluid up.Read less