際際滷

際際滷Share a Scribd company logo

Introduction to control engineering.pptx

Download as PPTX, PDF
Sankalp Bhatiya
Sankalp Bhatiya

Control Engineering

1 of 29
Download to read offline
Prof. Sankalp Bhatia Assistant Professor Mechanical Engineering Department A. D. PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY New Vallabh Vidyanagar INTRODUCTION TO CONTROL ENGINEERING
2 What is Input? The stimulus or excitation applied to a control system from an external source in order to produce the output is called input. Input
3 What is Output? Output Input The actual response obtained from a system is called output.
4 What is System? SYSTEM Input Output A system is an arrangement of or a combination of different physical components connected or related in such a manner so as to form an entire unit to attain a certain objective.
5 To regulate, direct or command a system so that the desired objective is attained. What is Control? System + Control = Control System
6 Control System CONTROL SYSTEM Inpu t Outpu t It is an arrangement of different physical elements connected in such a manner so as to regulate, direct or command itself to achieve a certain objective.
7 Difference between System & Control System System Inpu t Control System Inpu t Desired Outpu t Proper Outpu t (May or may not be desired)
8 Difference between System & Control System Fan (System ) 230V/ 50Hz AC Supply Air Flow Input Outpu t
9 A Fan: Cant say a System Output Input A Fan without blades cannot be a SYSTEM Because it cannot provide a desired / proper output. i.e. airflow
10 A Fan with blades but without regulator can be a SYSTEM Because it can provide a proper output. i.e. Airflow But it cannot be a Control System Because it cannot provide desired output i.e. Controlled Airflow A Fan: Can be a System Input Outpu t
11 A Fan with blades and with regulator can be a CONTROL SYSTEM Because it can provide a Desired Output. i.e. Controlled Airflow A Fan: Can be a Control System
12 Classification of Control System (Depending on control action)
13 A system in which the control action is totally independent of the output of the system is called as open loop system Definition: Open Loop System Block Diagram of Open loop Control System
14 Electric hand drier Hot air (output) comes out as long as you keep your hand under the machine, irrespective of how much your hand is dried. Example of Open Loop System
15 Automatic washing machine: This machine runs according to the pre-set time irrespective of washing is completed or not. Example of Open Loop System
16 Bread Toaster: This machine runs as per adjusted time irrespective of toasting is complete or not. Example of Open Loop System
17 Automatic tea/coffee Vending Machine: These machines also function for pre adjusted time only. Example of Open Loop System
18 Light Switch: Lamps glow whenever light switch is on irrespective of light is required or not. Volume on Stereo System : Volume is adjusted manually irrespective of output volume level. Example of Open Loop System
19 Simple in construction and design Economical Easy to maintain Generally stable Convenient to use as output is difficult to measure Advantages of Open Loop System
20 Inaccurate Unreliable Any change in output cant be corrected automatically Disadvantages of Open Loop System
21 A system in which the control action is somehow dependent on the output is called as closed loop system. Definition of Close Loop System
22 Block Diagram of Close Loop System
23 Automatic Electric Iron : Heating elements are controlled by output temperature of the iron. Example of Close Loop System
24 Servo Voltage Stabilizer: Voltage controller operates depending upon output voltage of the system. Example of Close Loop System
25 Perspiration Example of Close Loop System
26 Closed loop control systems are more accurate even in the presence of non-linearity Highly accurate as any error arising is corrected due to presence of feedback signal Bandwidth range is large Facilitates automation The sensitivity of system may be made small to make system more stable This system is less affected by noise Advantages of Close Loop System
27 They are costlier They are complicated to design Required more maintenance Feedback leads to oscillatory response Overall gain is reduced due to presence of feedback Stability is the major problem and more care is needed to design a stable closed loop system Disadvantages of Close Loop System
28 Difference between Open Loop & Close Loop System
29 Visit our website www.adit.ac.in Connect with us Follow us on social media and be the first to find out about our announcements and Events! Thank You

More Related Content

Introduction to control engineering.pptx

  • 1. Prof. Sankalp Bhatia Assistant Professor Mechanical Engineering Department A. D. PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY New Vallabh Vidyanagar INTRODUCTION TO CONTROL ENGINEERING
  • 2. 2 What is Input? The stimulus or excitation applied to a control system from an external source in order to produce the output is called input. Input
  • 3. 3 What is Output? Output Input The actual response obtained from a system is called output.
  • 4. 4 What is System? SYSTEM Input Output A system is an arrangement of or a combination of different physical components connected or related in such a manner so as to form an entire unit to attain a certain objective.
  • 5. 5 To regulate, direct or command a system so that the desired objective is attained. What is Control? System + Control = Control System
  • 6. 6 Control System CONTROL SYSTEM Inpu t Outpu t It is an arrangement of different physical elements connected in such a manner so as to regulate, direct or command itself to achieve a certain objective.
  • 7. 7 Difference between System & Control System System Inpu t Control System Inpu t Desired Outpu t Proper Outpu t (May or may not be desired)
  • 8. 8 Difference between System & Control System Fan (System ) 230V/ 50Hz AC Supply Air Flow Input Outpu t
  • 9. 9 A Fan: Cant say a System Output Input A Fan without blades cannot be a SYSTEM Because it cannot provide a desired / proper output. i.e. airflow
  • 10. 10 A Fan with blades but without regulator can be a SYSTEM Because it can provide a proper output. i.e. Airflow But it cannot be a Control System Because it cannot provide desired output i.e. Controlled Airflow A Fan: Can be a System Input Outpu t
  • 11. 11 A Fan with blades and with regulator can be a CONTROL SYSTEM Because it can provide a Desired Output. i.e. Controlled Airflow A Fan: Can be a Control System
  • 12. 12 Classification of Control System (Depending on control action)
  • 13. 13 A system in which the control action is totally independent of the output of the system is called as open loop system Definition: Open Loop System Block Diagram of Open loop Control System
  • 14. 14 Electric hand drier Hot air (output) comes out as long as you keep your hand under the machine, irrespective of how much your hand is dried. Example of Open Loop System
  • 15. 15 Automatic washing machine: This machine runs according to the pre-set time irrespective of washing is completed or not. Example of Open Loop System
  • 16. 16 Bread Toaster: This machine runs as per adjusted time irrespective of toasting is complete or not. Example of Open Loop System
  • 17. 17 Automatic tea/coffee Vending Machine: These machines also function for pre adjusted time only. Example of Open Loop System
  • 18. 18 Light Switch: Lamps glow whenever light switch is on irrespective of light is required or not. Volume on Stereo System : Volume is adjusted manually irrespective of output volume level. Example of Open Loop System
  • 19. 19 Simple in construction and design Economical Easy to maintain Generally stable Convenient to use as output is difficult to measure Advantages of Open Loop System
  • 20. 20 Inaccurate Unreliable Any change in output cant be corrected automatically Disadvantages of Open Loop System
  • 21. 21 A system in which the control action is somehow dependent on the output is called as closed loop system. Definition of Close Loop System
  • 22. 22 Block Diagram of Close Loop System
  • 23. 23 Automatic Electric Iron : Heating elements are controlled by output temperature of the iron. Example of Close Loop System
  • 24. 24 Servo Voltage Stabilizer: Voltage controller operates depending upon output voltage of the system. Example of Close Loop System
  • 26. 26 Closed loop control systems are more accurate even in the presence of non-linearity Highly accurate as any error arising is corrected due to presence of feedback signal Bandwidth range is large Facilitates automation The sensitivity of system may be made small to make system more stable This system is less affected by noise Advantages of Close Loop System
  • 27. 27 They are costlier They are complicated to design Required more maintenance Feedback leads to oscillatory response Overall gain is reduced due to presence of feedback Stability is the major problem and more care is needed to design a stable closed loop system Disadvantages of Close Loop System
  • 28. 28 Difference between Open Loop & Close Loop System
  • 29. 29 Visit our website www.adit.ac.in Connect with us Follow us on social media and be the first to find out about our announcements and Events! Thank You