Introduction to Penicillin Chemotherapy in short.pptx
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Penicillins are a class of antibiotics that work by inhibiting bacterial cell wall formation. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928 and its widespread introduction marked the beginning of modern antibiotic chemotherapy. Further research led to developments like semi-synthetic penicillins with broader spectra. Penicillins are commonly used to treat bacterial infections like strep throat and penicillin-sensitive staph infections as well as syphilis. They can be administered orally or parenterally and have benefits but also side effects like allergic reactions. Resistance develops through enzymes and structural changes, presenting challenges to penicillin's future role in infection treatment.
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Closing Keynote at the IV OGLNOPOLSKA KONFERENCJA & WARSZTATY
KomunikAACja, Samoswiadomosc, Seksualnosc
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An overview of the definition and presentation of burnout in healthcare workers, strategies to prevent it and to build resilience. The presentation also explores the barriers and enablers to introducing wellness strategies in organizations.Aspirin powder or Acetyl salicylic acid powder.docx
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pharmacy exercise on aspirin powderYoga Postures to Practice for Holistic (Physical, Mental, and Cognitive) Well...
Yoga Postures to Practice for Holistic (Physical, Mental, and Cognitive) Well...Bhoj Raj Singh
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An ancient System for holistic health (mental and physical) and wellbeing, is a scientific art of living with harmony (connecting) of mind and body. Although much more ancient than Patanjali, who documented yoga systematically about 2000 years ago, Patanjali is often referred to as the "father of modern yoga."
Yoga postures are commonly depicted in ancient paintings, carvings, and sculptures in almost all civilizations and religions, thus Yoga cant be described as an act of Hinduism. It originated long before any religion on Earth, with the emergence of life on the Planet. All yoga poses are natural, and what is not natural is not yoga; it is油Viyoga.
Besides Vedic Yoga, Hatha, Vinyasa, Ashtanga, Iyengar, Yin, Restorative, Kundalini, Bikram, Sahaj, and Power yoga are some popular types.
Vinyasa油Yoga is the closest form to Vedic Yoga; it is known for its flowing movements, not very rigorous, not too much straining, actions flow with the breath.
Though all yoga may lead to meditation (Dhyan) for your inner upliftment, it is not the same as described in Hinduism for self-liberation.
In Hinduism, different paths of life looking distinct but can be practiced all together, they are: Karma Yoga (selfless action and service), Bhakti Yoga (devotion and love for God or Godly power), Jnana (Gyan) Yoga (gaining knowledge for self-realization through wisdom), Dhyan Yoga (meditation) and Kriya Yoga (optimum utilization of your vital and muscular energy).油
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COUGH AND THIER DRUGS AND MODE OF ACTION.pptxPackialakshmiP
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COUGH AND THIER DRUGS AND MODE OF ACTIONUnlocking the Potential of Long-Acting PrEP to Halt HIV Transmissions
Unlocking the Potential of Long-Acting PrEP to Halt HIV TransmissionsPVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education
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Chair, Allison Agwu, MD, ScM, FAAP, FIDSA, discusses HIV in this CME/MOC/NCPD/CPE/AAPA/IPCE activity titled Unlocking the Potential of Long-Acting PrEP to Halt HIV Transmissions. For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC/NCPD/CPE/AAPA/IPCE information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/40Mr2AC. CME/MOC/NCPD/CPE/AAPA/IPCE credit will be available until June 12, 2026.Clinical Signs Overview: PICCKLE Mnemonic
Clinical Signs Overview: PICCKLE MnemonicDr Aman Suresh Tharayil
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This presentation provides a concise yet comprehensive review of common clinical signs and their diagnostic significance, summarized under the acronym PICCKLE Pallor, Icterus, Clubbing, Cyanosis, Koilonychia, Lymphadenopathy, and Edema. Each condition is defined, followed by key causes, pathophysiology, diagnostic techniques, and clinical relevance. The content is tailored for undergraduate and postgraduate students in medicine and pharmacy, as well as early-career clinicians seeking to reinforce their clinical examination skillsCell Injuri. pathophpysiology sem- II B Pharmacypptx
Cell Injuri. pathophpysiology sem- II B PharmacypptxUmeshMali25
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This presentation provides a comprehensive overview of cell injury, a fundamental concept in pathology. It covers the causes, types (reversible and irreversible), mechanisms of injury (including hypoxia, free radicals, and chemical agents), and the morphological and biochemical changes that occur during cell injury. The slides are ideal for medical, pharmacy, and life sciences students preparing for pathology coursework or exams.
AD-SAFE: An Initiative to Build Understanding of ARIA and Skills Needed to Gu...
AD-SAFE: An Initiative to Build Understanding of ARIA and Skills Needed to Gu...PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education
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Unlocking the Potential of Long-Acting PrEP to Halt HIV Transmissions
Unlocking the Potential of Long-Acting PrEP to Halt HIV TransmissionsPVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education
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Introduction to Penicillin Chemotherapy in short.pptx
- 1. Introduction to Penicillins Chemotherapy Penicillins are a class of antibiotics used to treat various bacterial infections. They work by inhibiting the formation of bacterial cell walls, leading to the eventual destruction of the bacteria. S by Prof. Sudha Unmesh Puri Assistant Professor Department of Pharmacology JSPMs Jayawantrao Sawant College of Pharmacy and Research
- 2. History of Penicillins 1 Discovery by Alexander Fleming The first known Penicillin, Penicillin G, was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928. Its widespread introduction marked the beginning of modern antibiotic chemotherapy. 2 Mass Production in the 1940s With the onset of World War II, the mass production of Penicillin was initiated, leading to an exponential increase in its availability and usage. 3 Modern Developments Further research and development have led to the creation of semi-synthetic Penicillins, broadening the spectrum of treatable infections. Prof. Sudha Unmesh Puri
- 3. Mechanism of Action of Penicillins 1 Inhibition of Cell Wall Synthesis Penicillins disrupt the formation of peptidoglycan cross-links in the bacterial cell wall, leading to bacterial cell death. 2 Specificity for Bacterial Cells They have a selective action as they target the structural components unique to bacterial cells, sparing human cells. 3 Time- and Concentration-Dependent Killing Their efficacy is related to the duration and concentration of drug exposure. Prof. Sudha Unmesh Puri
- 4. Types of Penicillins Natural Penicillins Include Penicillin G and Penicillin V. They are effective against many Gram-positive bacteria. Penicillinase- Resistant Penicillins Developed to counteract beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. Examples include oxacillin and dicloxacillin. Extended-Spectrum Penicillins Have a broader spectrum of activity, including some Gram- negative bacteria. This group includes ampicillin and amoxicillin. Prof. Sudha Unmesh Puri
- 5. Indications for Penicillins Chemotherapy Bacterial Infections Penicillins are commonly used for a wide range of bacterial infections, including streptococcal pharyngitis and penicillin-sensitive staphylococcal infections. Syphilis Treatment It's an effective antibiotic for treating all stages of syphilis, including congenital syphilis. Prof. Sudha Unmesh Puri
- 6. Dosage and Administration of Penicillins Oral Administration Most Penicillins can be taken orally, ensuring convenient at-home treatment for many infections. Parenteral Administration Some patients may require intramuscular or intravenous administration for more severe infections. Prof. Sudha Unmesh Puri
- 7. Side Effects of Penicillins Common Reactions Allergic reactions and gastrointestinal disturbances are among the most common side effects of Penicillins. Less Common Effects Less common side effects include neurotoxicity and hematologic abnormalities. Prof. Sudha Unmesh Puri
- 8. Resistance to Penicillins 1 Beta-Lactamase Production Many bacteria produce beta- lactamases, enzymes that inactivate Penicillins, leading to resistance. 2 Change in Penicillin- Binding Proteins Mutations in penicillin-binding proteins can reduce the affinity for Penicillins, resulting in resistance. Prof. Sudha Unmesh Puri
- 9. Comparison of Penicillins with Other Antibiotics Penicillins Cephalosporins Macrolides Effective against gram- positive bacteria Broad-spectrum coverage Effective against atypical bacteria Prof. Sudha Unmesh Puri
- 10. Conclusion and Future Prospects of Penicillins Chemotherapy Impact on Medicine Penicillins have revolutionized medicine, saving countless lives and providing hope for the treatment of bacterial infections. Future Challenges Emergence of antibiotic resistance and the need for novel agents pose significant challenges for the future of Penicillin therapy. Prof. Sudha Unmesh Puri