Introduction to Philosophy of Human Person - Q2M1.pptx
1. Quarter 2 Lesson 1
FREEDOM
Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person
2. At the end of the module,
you should be able to:
Discern the essence of true freedom
Evaluate the exercise of prudence in choices
Realize that choices have consequences, and some things are given up
while others are obtained in making choices
Show situations that demonstrate freedom of choice and the consequences
of choices.
3. What do you think makes us free?
How do we know that we are free?
Do you use your freedom responsibly?
4. - FREEDOM -
The human capacity to act (or
not to act) as we choose or
prefer without any external
compulsion or restraint.
5. It is an intrinsic and essential property of a
person.
Important indication of human freedom is
the ability to MAKE CHOICES and PERFORM
ACTIONS. Our freedom to act sets us apart
from other beings.
6. ANIMALS
respond to commands
trained and conditioned
to perform
act instinctively (actions
are predetermined
responses to certain
stimuli)
HUMAN PERSONS
Can choose the course
of action to take when
given a stimulus or
faced with a certain
situation.
Eg: task of cleaning your
room
7. ARISTOTLE
(The Power of Volition)
Volition in this sense is
the faculty or power to use
or discharge ones will.
8. If there were no intellect, there would be no will. The will of
humanity is an instrument of free choice. It is within the
power of everyone to be good or bad, or worthy or
worthless.
The happiness of every human being is in his own hands, to
preserve and develop, or to cast away.
For Aristotle, a human being is rational. Reason is a divine
characteristic. If there were no intellect, there would be no
will.
9. ST. THOMAS AQUINAS
(Freedom is Spirituality and Love)
Freedom, for St. Thomas, is the manner
intellectual beings seek universal goodness. It
is a condition of the will arising from our nature
being in the kind of world that we inhabit.
10. St. Thomas considers the human being as a
moral agent.
Our spirituality separates us from animals; it
delineates moral dimension of our fulfillment in
an action. Through our spirituality, we have a
conscience. Whether we choose to be good
or evil becomes our responsibility.
11. St. Thomas Aquinas (Summa Theologica)
establishes the existence of God as a first
cause. And as Gods creations, human
beings have the unique power to change
themselves and things around them for the
better.
12. We have a conscience because of
our spirituality.
13. Jean Paul Sartre
(Individual Freedom)
Existentialism is a philosophical
movement known for its inquiry on human
existence, which means to exist.
14. For Sartre, the human person builds the
road to the destiny of his/her choosing;
he/she is the creator.
Sartres Existentialism stems from this
principle: existence precedes essences
(Human being is solely responsible for their
actions because we choose who we are).
15. Sartre emphasizes the importance of free
individual choice, regardless of the power of other
people to influence and coerce our desires, beliefs,
and decisions.
Freedom means exercising our capacity to make
decisions, change our life path and direct the
course of our lives through our own steering.
17. Thomas Hobbes, Jean-Jacques
Rousseau and John Locke
(Theory of Social Contract)
Hobbes, Rousseau and Locke define the freedom
of an individual in the context of having a
government to rule them (contract), which is the
basis of notion of moral obligation and duty.
18. Social Contract- an agreement where individuals
sacrifice an amount of their freedom and submit to a
higher authority.
It is a necessity that we must assure for the
government and people to work as one. From this
understanding also arises certainty that we have
freedom.
19. KINDS OF FREEDOM
1. Physical Freedom
- Refers to the absence of any PHYSICAL
RESTRAINT. The person has the freedom of mobility to
go where he/she wants to go.
20. 2. Psychological Freedom
- Also called as freedom of choice.
- The person is free to perform actions that
he/ she considers right and wise. A person is also
free to act or not to act.
21. - Psychological freedom is Innate and Cant be denied as a
person.
Example:
1. Freedom to choose your friends
2. Freedom to choose your partner
3. Freedom to choose your course in college
4. Freedom to be what you want to be
22. 3. Moral Freedom
- Using freedom in a manner that upholds human dignity and
goodness.
Example:
1. Doing charitable works
2. Participating on outreach activities
3. Being sensitive to the needs of other
4. Being prudent on the use of social media
5. Participating volunteer works
23. Lets have some exercises!
Instruction: Identify what types of freedom shown
in the picture.
1. ______________ 2.
_______________
25. Positive and Negative Freedom
Positive Freedom
kind of freedom that requires active effort;
has control or mastery of his/herself and has the strength to
do what is good.
this is doing the right thing and exercising our freedom in a
responsible manner.
Eg: You will finish first the school requirements before hanging
out with friends.
26. Negative Freedom
Refers to the absence of interference; absence
of coercion or interference.
The freedom whatever you want. It is considered
negative because you failed to use freedom in a
responsible manner.
27. Absolute Freedom
No form of hindrance that would prevent from
doing what you want; free from limitation.
