Introduction to statistical software R
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This document provides an introduction to R, including what R is, how to install and use it, common mistakes, and data structures. It discusses that R was created by Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman and contains over 10,000 user-developed packages on topics like statistics, graphics, and data analysis. It also provides instructions on installing R from its homepage or a Italian download site, using the R console and R Studio interfaces, the workspace environment, and saving workspaces to preserve data between sessions.
Introduction to statistical software R
- 1. Introduction to R Dott.ssa Paola Pozzolo sos.unistat@gmail.com Asti, 24/06/2019
- 2. R developers: Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman
- 4. What is ?
- 5. Why don’t everybody use ? 5
- 7. R Packages The «base» R system contains the base package, which contains the most fundamental functions. Over 10,000 other packages are available on CRAN developed by users and programmers around the world.
- 8. Installing R • R Homepage: http://www.r-project.org/ • CRAN for Italian download: https://cran.stat.unipd.it/
- 9. R Console
- 10. R Studio
- 11. Working with R • R is a case-sensitive language (mydata differ from Mydata) • Commands are entered interactively at the R user prompt. Up and down arrow keys scroll through your command history. • Objects are assigned values using : object <- function(par1, par2, …) • If you specify a new value for an object again, R will forget what value it had before. • Comments are preceded by the # symbol
- 12. Common mistakes in R programming
- 13. Data operators
- 14. Data analysis in R: an example
- 16. The workspace It is your current R working environment and includes any user-defined objects (vectors, matrices, data frames, lists, functions).
- 17. R Reference Card https://cran.r-project.org/doc/contrib/Short-refcard.pdf
- 18. R Commander
- 19. How to install R Commander?  Write in R console: install.packages("Rcmdr", dependencies=TRUE) OR  From the menu: Packages | Install package… ïƒ Rcmdr 19 How to load R Commander?  From the menu: Packages ïƒ Load packages ïƒ Rcmdr OR  Write in R console: library(Rcmdr) If you accidently close the Rcmdr window, type Commander() in the R Console and hit OK
- 20. R Commander interface 20 Script window shows most recent commands or code Output window shows results from most recent commands Message window reports errors from commands Menu system has many commonly used diagnostics and tests
- 21. When you quit R … Save R workspace in order to save your data in the R format. Save also your output and your commands. It’s essential if you want to re-run the analyses later. R have no knowledge of previous packages loaded: load the package at the start of each R session . 21
- 22. How to save? iii. Save R workspace: R will save 2 files: .Rdata and .Rhistory
- 23. Now it’s your turn... 23 E-mail me at sos.unistat@gmail.com