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Introduction to Energy
Storage Systems in
Electric Vehicles
Discover how electric vehicles powered by energy storage systems can help
mitigate the negative effects of global warming and reduce air pollution
caused by internal combustion engine vehicles. Learn how different types of
EVs work and the various energy storage devices used to power them.
by Devesh Jaiswal
Electric Vehicle System
1 Fully Battery Electric
Vehicles (FBEVs)
Completely electrically powered
by battery packs with no ICE.
Driving range depends on the
battery's power.
2 Hybrid Electric Vehicles
(HEVs)
Powered by both storage energy
(SE) and internal combustion
engine (ICE). Can be arranged in
different combinations with the
motor and ICE system.
3 More Types of EVs
EVs can be road and highways,
railways, airways, and sea-based
vehicles.
Types of Energy Storage Devices (ESDs)
Battery
Electrochemical storage system stores
energy in a chemical process and
provides electric power. Lithium-ion based
batteries are most suitable and applicable
in the EV system.
Supercapacitor (SC)
Electromagnetic storage system where
electrodes and electrolytes store static
energy. Lightweight and has a long cyclic
life, making them a popular battery
replacement.
Fuel Cell (FC)
Environmentally sustainable and uses
hydrogen to resolve BEV issues and be a
future transportation fuel. Produces zero
carbon emissions and is highly energy-
efficient.
Hybrid Storage Systems (HSS)
Battery + SC
Combines electrochemical and
electromagnetic storage systems.
The most popular HSS, with SC
acting as a buffer to help prevent
damage to the battery pack.
Battery + FC
Combines electrochemical storage
and fuel cell systems. A sustainable
and eco-friendly option still under
research and development.
Battery + SC + FC
Mixes electrochemical,
electromagnetic and fuel cell storage
systems for maximum efficiency and
reliability. An alternative future
transportation fuel source.
Energy Storage System (ESS) and Cell Balancing
System
1
ESS
Refers to different kinds of energy
storage devices (ESDs) that provide
the EV's required power demand.
2
Types of ESS
Electrochemical, electromagnetic,
chemical, and hybrid storage
systems.
3
Cell Balancing System
Improves voltage balance systems
and protects the ESD against
explosion and chemical degradation,
improving longevity.
Different EV Architectures and Their Features
EV Architecture Types Features Drawbacks
Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) Extended driving range; combines
engine power with electric power.
Not energy-efficient if ICE is overused.
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles
(PHEVs)
External power source charges the
battery pack instead of the ICE.
Fewer charging stations and
infrastructure.
Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) Highly energy-efficient and
environmentally sustainable.
Costly due to difficulty of hydrogen
processing and associated
components.
Battery Management System (BMS)
Importance
Responsible for assuring the ESD's
safety, stable facility, and long service
life on EV driving.
Functions
• State estimation
• Battery's discharge character
estimation and control
• Cell voltage balance
• Troubleshooting
Features
• Cell voltage monitoring and
equalization
• Charge/discharge control
• Over-discharge prevention
• Overcharge prevention
• Over-current and short-circuit
protection
Improvements in Engine
Architecture for EVs
The technology behind engine architecture has improved, resulting in
reduced energy loss and increased efficiency when using mechanical
components such as a gearbox, clutch, and differential. This improvement
has made the EVs motor more energy-efficient, reducing the demand on the
EV's energy storage system.

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Introduction-to-Energy-Storage-Systems-in-Electric-Vehicles (1).pptx

  • 1. Introduction to Energy Storage Systems in Electric Vehicles Discover how electric vehicles powered by energy storage systems can help mitigate the negative effects of global warming and reduce air pollution caused by internal combustion engine vehicles. Learn how different types of EVs work and the various energy storage devices used to power them. by Devesh Jaiswal
  • 2. Electric Vehicle System 1 Fully Battery Electric Vehicles (FBEVs) Completely electrically powered by battery packs with no ICE. Driving range depends on the battery's power. 2 Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) Powered by both storage energy (SE) and internal combustion engine (ICE). Can be arranged in different combinations with the motor and ICE system. 3 More Types of EVs EVs can be road and highways, railways, airways, and sea-based vehicles.
  • 3. Types of Energy Storage Devices (ESDs) Battery Electrochemical storage system stores energy in a chemical process and provides electric power. Lithium-ion based batteries are most suitable and applicable in the EV system. Supercapacitor (SC) Electromagnetic storage system where electrodes and electrolytes store static energy. Lightweight and has a long cyclic life, making them a popular battery replacement. Fuel Cell (FC) Environmentally sustainable and uses hydrogen to resolve BEV issues and be a future transportation fuel. Produces zero carbon emissions and is highly energy- efficient.
  • 4. Hybrid Storage Systems (HSS) Battery + SC Combines electrochemical and electromagnetic storage systems. The most popular HSS, with SC acting as a buffer to help prevent damage to the battery pack. Battery + FC Combines electrochemical storage and fuel cell systems. A sustainable and eco-friendly option still under research and development. Battery + SC + FC Mixes electrochemical, electromagnetic and fuel cell storage systems for maximum efficiency and reliability. An alternative future transportation fuel source.
  • 5. Energy Storage System (ESS) and Cell Balancing System 1 ESS Refers to different kinds of energy storage devices (ESDs) that provide the EV's required power demand. 2 Types of ESS Electrochemical, electromagnetic, chemical, and hybrid storage systems. 3 Cell Balancing System Improves voltage balance systems and protects the ESD against explosion and chemical degradation, improving longevity.
  • 6. Different EV Architectures and Their Features EV Architecture Types Features Drawbacks Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) Extended driving range; combines engine power with electric power. Not energy-efficient if ICE is overused. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) External power source charges the battery pack instead of the ICE. Fewer charging stations and infrastructure. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) Highly energy-efficient and environmentally sustainable. Costly due to difficulty of hydrogen processing and associated components.
  • 7. Battery Management System (BMS) Importance Responsible for assuring the ESD's safety, stable facility, and long service life on EV driving. Functions • State estimation • Battery's discharge character estimation and control • Cell voltage balance • Troubleshooting Features • Cell voltage monitoring and equalization • Charge/discharge control • Over-discharge prevention • Overcharge prevention • Over-current and short-circuit protection
  • 8. Improvements in Engine Architecture for EVs The technology behind engine architecture has improved, resulting in reduced energy loss and increased efficiency when using mechanical components such as a gearbox, clutch, and differential. This improvement has made the EVs motor more energy-efficient, reducing the demand on the EV's energy storage system.