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INTERNET PROTOCOL
VERSION 6 (IPV6)
PRESENTED BY:GANESH V. VADULEKAR

What’s an IP address?
 An Internet Protocol address (or IP address)

is a unique 32-bit number that identifies the
location of your computer network.
 It serves as your computer’s “street
address,” enabling other computers to find
out exactly where you are and deliver
information to you.

IP DATAGRAM HEADER
0
VERS

4

8
HLEN

16

TTL

TOTAL LENGTH

TOS

IDENTIFICATION

31

19

FLAG

PROTOCOL

FRAGMENT OFFSET
CHECKSUM

SOURCE ADDRESS
DESTINATION ADDRESS
OPTIONS (if any) + PADDING
4

WHAT IS IPV6???

 IPv6 is the sixth revision to the Internet

Protocol and the successor to IPv4.
 It functions similarly to IPv4 in that it
provides the unique, numerical IP addresses
necessary for Internet-enabled devices to
communicate.
 However, it does sport one major difference:
it utilizes 128-bit addresses.

Who created IPv6?
 The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

created IPv6.
 The IETF is a large open international
community of network
designers, operators, vendors, and
researchers concerned with the evolution of
the Internet architecture and the smooth
operation of the Internet.
 Its goal is to make the Internet work better.

Why is IPv6 a great
solution?

 The key difference between IPv4 and IPv6 is

that IPv6 has significantly more address
space.
 A typical IPv6 address has 8 groups of four
letters and numbers separated by colons so
it looks like this:
(2001:db8:1f70:999:de8:7648:6e8)
 IPv6 will enable the trillions of new Internet
addresses needed to support connectivity
for a huge range of smart devices .

What were Problems With
IPV4???
 IPv4 has 32 bit addresses.
 Maximum header length is 60 octets.
(Restricts options)

 Maximum packet length is 64K octets.
 Variable size header.

(Slower processing at routers.)
 Lack of quality-of-service support.
 Only an 8-bit ToS field, which is hardly used.
 Problem for multimedia services.

IPv6: Distinctive Features
 Header format simplification
 Expanded routing and addressing capabilities

 Improved support for extensions and options
 Flow labeling (for QoS) capability
 Auto-configuration and Neighbour discovery

 Authentication and privacy capabilities
 Simple transition from IPv4

Major Improvements of
IPv6 Header
 No option field: Replaced by extension

header. Result in a fixed length, 40-byte IP
header.
 No header checksum: Result in fast
processing.
 No fragmentation at intermediate nodes:
Result in fast IP forwarding.

IPv6 Header Format
0

4
Vers

12

16

24

Traffic Class

Flow Label

Payload Length

Next Header

31

Source Address

Destination Address

Hop Limit

128-bit IPv6 Address
3FFE:085B:1F1F:0000:0000:0000:00A9:1234

8 groups of 16-bit hexadecimal numbers separated by “:”
Leading zeros can be
removed
3FFE:85B:1F1F::A9:1234
:: = all zeros in one or more group of 16-bit hexadecimal numbers

HEADER: FROM IPV4 TO IPV6
Changed

Removed

Advantages of IPv6 over IPv4
 Larger address space
 Better header format
 New options
 Allowance for extension
 Support for resource allocation
 Support for more security

 Support for mobility

Difference Between IPV4 & IPV6
Feature

Source and
destination address
IPSec
Payload ID for QoS
in the header
Fragmentation

Header checksum
Resolve IP address
to a link layer
address

IPv4

IPv6

32 bits

128 bits

Optional

required

No identification

Using Flow label
field

Both router and the
sending hosts

Only supported at
the sending hosts

included

Not included

broadcast ARP
request

Multicast Neighbor
Solicitation message

Conclusion


IPv6 is NEW …
– built on the experiences learned from IPv4
– new features
– large address space
– new efficient header
– autoconfiguration
 … and OLD
– still IP
– build on a solid base
– started in 1995, a lot of implementations
and tests done

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Ipv6

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