�ݺ�ߣ

IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
and
Water Management
A G R I C U L T U R A L
E N G I N E E R I N G
presented by:
Group 1

OBJECTIVES
• To describe the various irrigation systems
such as Traditional and Modern Irrigation
system
• To find out the advantages and
disadvantages of each system, considering
factors like water efficiency, cost-
effectiveness, and environmental impact.
• To understand the importance of
sustainable irrigation practices to protect
water resources and reduce negative
environmental impacts.

Introduction
Irrigation is the one that is responsible of
providing a reliable and controlled water
supply, these systems significantly boost
crop yields, improve quality, and expand
arable land. Irrigation systems are
indispensable for modern agriculture,
playing a crucial role in global food
security. They serve as a vital buffer against
droughts, mitigating the risk of crop failures
and food shortages. Moreover, advanced
irrigation techniques, such as drip irrigation
and sprinkler systems, optimize water usage,
promoting sustainable agricultural
practices. Ultimately, irrigation systems are
essential for enhancing productivity,
improving crop quality, and ensuring
responsible water management,
contributing to feeding a growing global
population.

Types of Traditional and
Modern Irrigation

Traditional Irrigation System
Sawah
A traditional rice farming system where fields
are flooded with water to cultivate rice.

Diwari
A system of irrigation canals and ditches that
diverts water from rivers or streams to
agricultural fields.

Ulod
A simple irrigation system using bamboo pipes
to transport water from a water source to the
fields.

Traditional
Irrigation System
Traditional hand pumps
Manual pumps used to draw
water from wells or water
bodies.

Traditional
Irrigation
Advantages Disadvantages
 Low-cost: These systems often require
minimal initial investment and rely on local
materials and labor.
 Environmental Friendliness: They generally
have a lower environmental impact
compared to modern systems, as they
often utilize natural water flows and
minimize chemical inputs.
 Community-Based: Traditional systems are
often managed and maintained by
communities, fostering social cohesion
and knowledge sharing.
 Adaptability: These systems have been
adapted to local conditions and have
proven effective in various terrains and
climatic conditions.
 Inefficiency: Traditional methods can be
inefficient, leading to significant water loss
through evaporation and seepage.
 Vulnerability to Climate Change: They are
highly vulnerable to climate change impacts,
such as droughts and floods, which can disrupt
water availability and crop production.
 Limited Scalability: Traditional systems may not
be suitable for large-scale irrigation and
intensive agriculture.
 Labor-Intensive: These systems often require
significant manual labor, which can be time-
consuming and physically demanding.
 Low Water Use Efficiency: Traditional methods
often have low water use efficiency, leading
to water wastage and potential water scarcity
issues.

Modern Irrigation System
Drip Irrigation
This system delivers water directly to the root zone
of plants, minimizing water loss through evaporation
and runoff. It is particularly effective for high-value
crops like fruits, vegetables, and flowers.

Sprinkler Irrigation
This system applies water to the soil surface
through a network of pipes and sprinklers. While
less efficient than drip irrigation, it is suitable for a
wider range of crops and can be more cost-
effective in certain situations.

Center-Pivot Irrigation
This system uses a long, rotating arm with
sprinklers to irrigate a circular area. It is
commonly used in large-scale farming operations,
especially in flat, open fields.

Solar-Powered Irrigation Systems
These systems utilize solar energy to power
pumps and other irrigation equipment, reducing
reliance on traditional energy sources and
promoting sustainability.

Modern
Irrigation
Advantages Disadvantages
 Improved Water Efficiency: By delivering
water directly to the root zone, these systems
minimize water loss through evaporation and
runoff.
 Increased Crop Yield: Consistent and precise
water application can lead to higher crop
yields and better quality.
 Reduced Labor Costs: Automated irrigation
systems can reduce the need for manual
labor, saving time and money.
 Environmental Benefits: By reducing water
usage and chemical runoff, these systems
can help protect the environment.
 Flexibility: Modern systems can be adapted
to various crop types and soil conditions.
 High Initial Cost: The initial investment for
modern irrigation systems can be
significant, especially for small-scale
farmers.
 Technical Expertise: These systems require
technical knowledge and skills to operate
and maintain effectively.
 Energy Consumption: Some systems, such as
center-pivot irrigation, can consume
significant amounts of energy.
 Potential for Malfunction: Technical issues
and breakdowns can disrupt irrigation
schedules and impact crop growth.
 Environmental Impact: Improper use of
chemicals and fertilizers in conjunction with
irrigation can lead to water pollution and
soil degradation.

Conclusion
The effective management of irrigation systems is
crucial for sustainable agriculture. By understanding
the principles and applications of various irrigation
methods, farmers and agricultural engineers can
optimize water use, maximize crop yields, and
minimize environmental impact.
The choice of irrigation system depends on factors
such as soil type, topography, climate, crop type, and
available water resources. By carefully considering
these factors and selecting the most suitable
irrigation system, it is possible to achieve efficient and
sustainable water management practices.

�ݺ�ߣ

irrigation system (2).pptx eyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to irrigation system (2).pptx eyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

irrigation system (2).pptx eyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy