My presentation at JSFoo - JavaScript from business perspective:
The success of any technology is in its usecase. Not in its technical merits. Programming languages are no exception to this rule.
Thats why Javascript - an unassuming functional programming language has an unrelated name - Java & Script. In reality, the name "Java" & "Script" does not explain what Javascript is. Instead, it explains Javascripts usecases.
7. Javascript trivia
What is it's original name?
How did SUN allow phony name?
Why did Microsoft call it JScript?
How are variables globally scoped?
Object oriented or Functional?
13. Javascript Everywhere - Summary
Usecase determines the success of the technology
Javascript's usecase was "Java" & "Script"
AJAX usecase made it more than a script
Mobile made it an all pervasive client-side language
node.JS improves on the V8 innovation
Microsoft completes the client-side victory with Windows 8